The challenge
Create a function taking a positive integer as its parameter and returning a string containing the Roman Numeral representation of that integer.
Modern Roman numerals are written by expressing each digit separately starting with the left most digit and skipping any digit with a value of zero. In Roman numerals 1990 is rendered: 1000=M, 900=CM, 90=XC; resulting in MCMXC. 2008 is written as 2000=MM, 8=VIII; or MMVIII. 1666 uses each Roman symbol in descending order: MDCLXVI.
Example:
conversion.solution(1000); //should return "M"
Help:
Symbol Value
I 1
V 5
X 10
L 50
C 100
D 500
M 1,000
Remember that there can’t be more than 3 identical symbols in a row.
More about roman numerals – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_numerals
The solution in Java code
Option 1:
public class Conversion {
public String solution(int number) {
String romanNumbers[] = {"M", "CMXC", "CM", "D", "CDXC", "CD", "C", "XC", "L", "XL", "X", "IX", "V", "IV", "I"};
int arab[] = {1000, 990, 900, 500, 490, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1};
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
int i = 0;
while (number > 0 || arab.length == (i - 1)) {
while ((number - arab[i]) >= 0) {
number -= arab[i];
result.append(romanNumbers[i]);
}
i++;
}
return result.toString();
}
}
Option 2:
public class Conversion {
public String solution(int n) {
final String[] digit = {"", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII",
"VIII", "IX"};
final String[] ten = {"", "X", "XX", "XXX", "XL", "L", "LX", "LXX",
"LXXX", "XC"};
final String[] hundred = {"", "C", "CC", "CCC", "CD", "D", "DC", "DCC",
"DCCC", "CM"};
final String[] thousand = {"", "M", "MM", "MMM"};
String result="";
result = thousand[n/1000] + hundred[n%1000/100] + ten[n%100/10] +
digit[n%10];
return result;
}
}
Option 3:
public class Conversion {
public String solution(int n) {
String[] strs = new String[n];
java.util.Arrays.fill(strs, "I");
String result = java.util.Arrays.toString(strs).replaceAll("[ \\[\\],]","");
result = result.replaceAll("[I]{5}","V");
result = result.replaceAll("[V]{2}","X");
result = result.replaceAll("[X]{5}","L");
result = result.replaceAll("[L]{2}","C");
result = result.replaceAll("[C]{5}","D");
result = result.replaceAll("[D]{2}","M");
result = result.replaceAll("D[C]{4}","CM");
result = result.replaceAll("[L]{4}","CD");
result = result.replaceAll("L[X]{4}","XC");
result = result.replaceAll("[X]{4}","XL");
result = result.replaceAll("V[I]{4}","IX");
result = result.replaceAll("[I]{4}","IV");
return result;
}
}
Test cases to validate our solution
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
public class ConversionTest {
private Conversion conversion = new Conversion();
@Test
public void shouldConvertToRoman() {
assertEquals("solution(1) should equal to I", "I", conversion.solution(1));
assertEquals("solution(4) should equal to IV", "IV", conversion.solution(4));
assertEquals("solution(6) should equal to VI", "VI", conversion.solution(6));
}
}
