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Hivemind – Distributed Task Processing Framework

April 17, 2025

What is Hivemind? Hivemind is a distributed task processing framework designed for scalability, fault tolerance, and ease of use. It enables efficient distribution of computational workloads across multiple nodes, making it ideal for data processing, machine learning, and other compute-intensive tasks. How does it work? Hivemind uses a coordinator-worker architecture to distribute tasks across a cluster of nodes. Tasks are broken down into smaller units of work, distributed to available workers, and results are aggregated back to provide a unified output.

Pyroid – Python on Rust-Powered Steroids

April 17, 2025

What is Pyroid? Pyroid is a collection of blazing fast Rust-powered utilities designed to eliminate Python’s performance bottlenecks. It provides high-performance implementations across multiple domains with a focus on memory safety, efficiency, and ease of use. How does it work? Pyroid leverages Rust’s performance and memory safety guarantees to accelerate CPU-heavy tasks in Python. It provides a simplified architecture with minimal dependencies and a domain-driven design for better organization, all while maintaining an easy-to-use Python interface.

Rustainer – Lightweight Container Runtime in Rust

April 17, 2025

What is Rustainer? Rustainer is a lightweight container runtime written in Rust, designed for security, performance, and simplicity. It provides a minimalist approach to containerization with a focus on memory safety and efficient resource utilization. How does it work? Rustainer leverages Rust’s memory safety guarantees and zero-cost abstractions to create a secure container environment. It uses Linux namespaces, cgroups, and seccomp filters to isolate containers while maintaining minimal overhead. Key features include:

Microservices Monitoring Strategies: Observability in Distributed Systems

April 15, 2025

• Monitoring , Observability , Distributed tracing , Metrics , Logging , Alerting , Service mesh , Open telemetry , Slos , Dashboards

Microservices architectures have transformed how organizations build and deploy applications, enabling greater agility, scalability, and resilience. However, this architectural shift introduces significant complexity in monitoring and troubleshooting. With dozens or hundreds of services communicating across complex dependency chains, traditional monitoring approaches fall short. Organizations need comprehensive observability strategies that provide visibility into service health, performance, and interactions. This guide explores microservices monitoring strategies, covering observability principles, instrumentation techniques, monitoring tools, and best practices.

Rust's Standard Library: Essential Tools for Every Project

April 15, 2025

• Rust , Standard library , Programming

Rust’s standard library is a carefully curated collection of core components that provide essential functionality for almost every Rust program. Unlike some languages that include “batteries” for nearly every use case, Rust’s standard library is intentionally focused, offering only the most fundamental tools while leaving more specialized functionality to the crate ecosystem. This design philosophy ensures that the standard library remains lean, well-maintained, and suitable for a wide range of environments, from embedded systems to web servers.

Quantum Computing in Distributed Systems: Preparing for the Quantum Future

April 10, 2025

• Quantum computing , Distributed systems , Quantum algorithms , Hybrid architecture

Quantum computing represents one of the most significant technological revolutions on the horizon, with the potential to transform how we approach complex computational problems. As quantum computers continue to advance, their integration with distributed systems will create new possibilities and challenges for system architects and developers. While fully fault-tolerant quantum computers are still developing, organizations should begin preparing for the quantum future today. This article explores the intersection of quantum computing and distributed systems, examining how quantum technologies will impact distributed architectures and providing practical guidance on preparing for the quantum advantage.

Incident Management for SRE: Building Resilient Response Systems

April 8, 2025

• Incident management , Sre , Reliability , Postmortems , Alerting , On call

In today’s digital landscape, incidents are inevitable. Even with the most robust architecture and rigorous testing, complex systems will experience failures. What separates mature engineering organizations from the rest is not the absence of incidents, but rather how effectively they detect, respond to, and learn from them. This is where structured incident management becomes crucial, especially for Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) teams. This comprehensive guide explores best practices for building resilient incident management systems.

Building Fault-Tolerant Distributed Systems: Strategies and Patterns

April 5, 2025

• Distributed systems , Fault tolerance , Resilience , High availability

In distributed systems, failures are not just possible—they’re inevitable. Networks partition, servers crash, disks fail, and software bugs manifest in production. Building systems that can withstand these failures while maintaining acceptable service levels is the essence of fault tolerance. As distributed architectures become increasingly complex, mastering fault tolerance has never been more critical. This article explores strategies, patterns, and practical techniques for building fault-tolerant distributed systems that can gracefully handle failures without catastrophic service disruptions.

Macros in Rust: Metaprogramming Made Simple

April 5, 2025

• Rust , Macros , Metaprogramming

Macros are one of Rust’s most powerful features, enabling metaprogramming—code that writes code. Unlike macros in C and C++, which are simple text substitution mechanisms, Rust’s macros are hygienic and operate on the abstract syntax tree (AST), making them both powerful and safe. They allow you to extend the language, reduce boilerplate, create domain-specific languages, and implement compile-time code generation without sacrificing Rust’s safety guarantees. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s macro system in depth, from basic declarative macros to advanced procedural macros.

Rust for Blockchain in 2025: Libraries, Tools, and Best Practices

April 5, 2025

• Rust , Blockchain , Cryptography , Smart contracts

Blockchain development presents unique challenges that demand high performance, reliability, and security guarantees. From public cryptocurrencies and smart contract platforms to private enterprise blockchains, these systems must process transactions securely and efficiently while ensuring data integrity. Rust, with its combination of performance comparable to C/C++ and memory safety guarantees without garbage collection, has emerged as an excellent choice for blockchain development. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s ecosystem for blockchain as it stands in early 2025.

API Security Best Practices: Protecting Your Digital Interfaces

April 1, 2025

• API security , Authentication , Authorization , Oauth , JWT , Rate limiting , Input validation , API gateway , Owasp API , Zero trust

As organizations increasingly expose their services and data through APIs, these interfaces have become prime targets for attackers. According to recent studies, API attacks have grown by over 300% in the past two years, with the average organization experiencing dozens of API security incidents annually. The consequences of API breaches can be severe, ranging from data theft and service disruption to regulatory penalties and reputational damage. This comprehensive guide explores API security best practices, covering authentication, authorization, encryption, rate limiting, input validation, and monitoring.

Cloud Performance Tuning Tips: Optimizing for Speed, Scale, and Cost

April 1, 2025

• Performance tuning , Aws , Azure , Gcp , Optimization , Scalability , Dev ops

In today’s cloud-first world, application performance directly impacts user experience, business outcomes, and operational costs. While cloud platforms offer tremendous scalability, achieving optimal performance requires deliberate tuning across multiple layers of your architecture. The default configurations provided by cloud services are designed for general use cases, not your specific application’s needs. This comprehensive guide explores practical performance tuning strategies across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform, providing actionable tips to optimize compute resources, storage, networking, databases, and application code.

Rust's Memory Safety Guarantees: How the Compiler Protects Your Code

March 29, 2025

• Rust , Memory safety , Programming

Memory-related bugs are among the most pernicious issues in software development. Buffer overflows, use-after-free errors, double frees, and data races have plagued systems programming for decades, leading to security vulnerabilities, crashes, and unpredictable behavior. Traditional approaches to solving these problems involve either manual memory management (prone to human error) or garbage collection (which introduces runtime overhead and unpredictable pauses). Rust takes a revolutionary approach to memory safety by enforcing strict rules at compile time through its ownership system, borrow checker, and type system.

LLM Production Deployment: Architectures, Strategies, and Best Practices

March 25, 2025

• Llm , Machine learning , Ai , Mlops , Production , Deployment

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing and AI applications, enabling capabilities that were previously impossible. However, deploying these powerful models in production environments presents unique challenges due to their size, computational requirements, and the complexity of the systems needed to serve them efficiently. This comprehensive guide explores the architectures, strategies, and best practices for deploying LLMs in production. Whether you’re working with open-source models like Llama 2 or Mistral, fine-tuned variants, or commercial APIs like OpenAI’s GPT-4, this guide will help you navigate the complexities of building robust, scalable, and cost-effective LLM-powered applications.

Rust for Robotics in 2025: Libraries, Tools, and Best Practices

March 25, 2025

• Rust , Robotics , Embedded systems , Autonomous systems

Robotics development presents unique challenges that demand high performance, reliability, and safety guarantees. From industrial automation and autonomous vehicles to consumer robots and drones, these systems must interact with the physical world in real-time while ensuring predictable behavior. Rust, with its combination of performance comparable to C/C++ and memory safety guarantees without garbage collection, has emerged as an excellent choice for robotics development. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s ecosystem for robotics as it stands in early 2025.

Concurrency in Rust: Fearless Parallelism

March 22, 2025

• Rust , Concurrency , Parallelism

Concurrency is notoriously difficult to get right. Race conditions, deadlocks, and other concurrency bugs are among the most insidious issues in software development, often manifesting only under specific timing conditions that are hard to reproduce and debug. Rust tackles this challenge head-on with a concurrency model that leverages the type system and ownership rules to prevent data races and other concurrency errors at compile time. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s approach to concurrency, from basic threads to advanced asynchronous programming.

Data Partitioning Strategies in Distributed Systems

March 18, 2025

• Distributed systems , Data partitioning , Sharding , Scalability

As data volumes grow exponentially, traditional single-server database solutions often struggle to keep up with performance and storage demands. Data partitioning—the practice of dividing a dataset across multiple storage units—has emerged as a fundamental technique for building scalable distributed systems. By strategically splitting data, organizations can overcome hardware limitations, improve query performance, and enable horizontal scaling. This article explores various data partitioning strategies, their implementation approaches, and the trade-offs involved in choosing the right strategy for your distributed system.

Case Study: How We Cut Cloud Costs by 30% Without Sacrificing Performance

March 15, 2025

• Cloud costs , Aws optimization , Fin ops , Case study , Resource optimization , Cloud architecture , Cost management , Cloud efficiency

Cloud cost optimization is a critical concern for organizations of all sizes, but particularly for growing companies that experience the shock of rapidly escalating cloud bills as they scale. At Ataiva, we recently worked with TechNova, a mid-sized SaaS company experiencing this exact challenge. Their monthly AWS bill had grown from $50,000 to over $200,000 in just 18 months as their customer base expanded, putting significant pressure on margins and raising concerns among investors.

Lifetimes in Rust: Managing References Safely

March 15, 2025

• Rust , Lifetimes , Memory safety

Lifetimes are one of Rust’s most distinctive and initially challenging features. While other aspects of Rust’s ownership system deal with who owns a value, lifetimes address how long references to that value remain valid. This mechanism ensures memory safety without a garbage collector by validating at compile time that no reference outlives the data it points to—a common source of bugs in languages like C and C++. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s lifetime system in depth, from basic concepts to advanced patterns.

Rust for Computer Vision in 2025: Libraries, Tools, and Best Practices

March 15, 2025

• Rust , Computer vision , Image processing , Machine learning

Computer vision and image processing applications demand high performance, reliability, and often real-time capabilities. From autonomous vehicles and robotics to augmented reality and medical imaging, these systems process enormous amounts of visual data and must do so efficiently and safely. Rust, with its combination of performance comparable to C/C++ and memory safety guarantees without garbage collection, has emerged as an excellent choice for computer vision development. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s ecosystem for computer vision and image processing as it stands in early 2025.

Blockchain in Enterprise Distributed Systems: Beyond Cryptocurrencies

March 10, 2025

• Blockchain , Distributed systems , Enterprise architecture , Smart contracts

While blockchain technology first gained prominence as the foundation for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, its potential applications extend far beyond digital currencies. At its core, blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that provides a secure, transparent, and immutable record of transactions across a decentralized network. These properties make it particularly valuable for enterprise distributed systems that require trust, transparency, and data integrity across multiple parties. This article explores practical enterprise applications of blockchain technology in distributed systems, examining implementation patterns, challenges, and best practices for organizations looking to leverage this transformative technology.

Infrastructure as Code Best Practices: Beyond the Basics

March 10, 2025

• Infrastructure as code , Terraform , Cloud formation , Pulumi , Dev ops , Cloud

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) has revolutionized how organizations manage their cloud resources, enabling teams to provision and manage infrastructure through machine-readable definition files rather than manual processes. While most teams have adopted basic IaC practices, many struggle to implement the advanced patterns and workflows that lead to truly maintainable, secure, and efficient infrastructure management. This comprehensive guide explores advanced Infrastructure as Code best practices that go beyond the basics. We’ll cover strategies for testing, security, modularity, team workflows, and more—all designed to help you elevate your IaC implementation from functional to exceptional.

Distributed Caching Strategies for High-Performance Applications

March 7, 2025

• Distributed systems , Caching , Performance optimization , Scalability

In today’s digital landscape, where milliseconds can make the difference between user engagement and abandonment, caching has become an indispensable technique for building high-performance applications. As systems scale and distribute across multiple servers or regions, simple in-memory caching is no longer sufficient. This is where distributed caching comes into play—providing a shared cache that spans multiple servers, enabling consistent performance across distributed applications. This article explores distributed caching strategies, patterns, and implementations that can help you build faster, more scalable applications while reducing the load on your databases and backend services.

Rust for Audio Programming in 2025: Libraries, Tools, and Best Practices

March 5, 2025

• Rust , Audio , Dsp , Music

Audio programming presents unique challenges that demand both high performance and reliability. From real-time digital signal processing to music creation tools, audio applications require low latency, predictable memory usage, and freedom from unexpected crashes or glitches. Rust, with its combination of performance comparable to C/C++ and memory safety guarantees without garbage collection, has emerged as an excellent choice for audio development. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s ecosystem for audio programming as it stands in early 2025.

Traits in Rust: Interfaces with Superpowers

March 5, 2025

• Rust , Traits , Programming

In object-oriented programming, interfaces define a contract that implementing classes must fulfill. Rust’s trait system serves a similar purpose but goes far beyond traditional interfaces, offering a powerful mechanism for defining shared behavior, enabling polymorphism, and creating flexible abstractions—all while maintaining Rust’s guarantees of memory safety and performance. Traits are one of Rust’s most distinctive and powerful features, enabling code reuse without inheritance and polymorphism without runtime overhead. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s trait system in depth, from basic usage to advanced patterns.

Reducing Cloud Waste with Monitoring Tools: Strategies for Cost Optimization

March 1, 2025

• Cost optimization , Monitoring , Aws , Azure , Gcp , Cloud waste , Fin ops

Cloud computing has revolutionized how organizations build and deploy applications, offering unprecedented flexibility and scalability. However, this flexibility comes with a significant challenge: cloud waste. According to industry research, organizations waste an estimated 30-35% of their cloud spend on unused or underutilized resources. This waste represents billions of dollars annually across the industry—money that could be better invested in innovation and growth. The good news is that with the right monitoring tools and strategies, you can identify and eliminate cloud waste, optimizing your cloud spending while maintaining performance and reliability.

Working with Structs and Enums in Rust: Building Robust Data Models

February 28, 2025

• Rust , Data structures , Programming

Data modeling is at the heart of software development, and the tools a language provides for representing data significantly impact code quality, maintainability, and correctness. Rust offers two powerful constructs for modeling data: structs and enums. These complementary tools allow developers to express complex data relationships with precision while leveraging Rust’s type system to prevent entire categories of bugs at compile time. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s structs and enums in depth, from basic usage to advanced patterns.

SLO and SLI Implementation Guide: Building Reliable Services

February 25, 2025

• Slo , Sli , Reliability , Observability , Sre , Monitoring

In today’s digital landscape, reliability has become a critical differentiator for services and products. Users expect systems to be available, responsive, and correct—all the time. However, pursuing 100% reliability is not only prohibitively expensive but often unnecessary. This is where Service Level Objectives (SLOs) and Service Level Indicators (SLIs) come in, providing a framework to define, measure, and maintain appropriate reliability targets that balance user expectations with engineering costs. This comprehensive guide explores the practical aspects of implementing SLOs and SLIs in your organization.

Rust's Module System Explained: Organizing Code for Clarity and Reuse

February 22, 2025

• Rust , Modules , Code organization

As projects grow in size and complexity, organizing code becomes increasingly important. Rust’s module system provides a powerful framework for structuring your code into logical units, controlling visibility, and managing dependencies. Unlike some languages where organization is merely a convention, Rust’s module system is a core language feature that enforces boundaries and visibility rules at compile time, leading to more maintainable and understandable codebases. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s module system in depth, from basic concepts to advanced techniques.

Distributed Consensus Algorithms: The Backbone of Reliable Distributed Systems

February 18, 2025

• Distributed systems , Consensus algorithms , System design , Fault tolerance

In distributed systems, one of the most fundamental challenges is achieving agreement among multiple nodes that may fail independently or experience network issues. This challenge—known as the consensus problem—lies at the heart of building reliable distributed systems. From distributed databases to blockchain networks, consensus algorithms provide the critical foundation that enables these systems to function correctly despite failures and network partitions. This article explores the most important distributed consensus algorithms, their implementations, trade-offs, and practical applications.

Pattern Matching in Rust: Powerful, Expressive, and Safe

February 15, 2025

• Rust , Pattern matching , Programming

Pattern matching stands as one of Rust’s most powerful and distinctive features, elevating it beyond a mere control flow mechanism to a fundamental aspect of the language’s design philosophy. Unlike the simple switch statements found in many languages, Rust’s pattern matching system provides a rich, expressive way to destructure complex data types, handle multiple conditions, and ensure exhaustive checking of all possible cases. This combination of power and safety makes pattern matching an essential tool in every Rust programmer’s toolkit.

Rust's Blockchain Development Ecosystem in 2025

February 15, 2025

• Rust , Blockchain , Cryptocurrency , Smart contracts

Blockchain technology has evolved significantly since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, expanding beyond cryptocurrencies to encompass smart contracts, decentralized finance (DeFi), non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and various forms of decentralized applications (dApps). As blockchain systems have grown more complex and demanding, the need for programming languages that prioritize safety, performance, and reliability has become increasingly apparent. Rust, with its focus on memory safety without sacrificing performance, has emerged as a leading language for blockchain development.

Scaling Startups with Cloud Best Practices

February 15, 2025

• Cloud architecture , Scaling , Dev ops , Cost optimization , Startups , Growth

Scaling a startup’s technical infrastructure is one of the most challenging aspects of company growth. As user numbers increase, feature sets expand, and market demands evolve, the technology decisions made in the early days are put to the test. Cloud computing has revolutionized how startups scale, offering unprecedented flexibility and power—but also introducing complexity and potential pitfalls. This comprehensive guide explores cloud best practices for scaling startups, covering everything from architectural patterns and cost optimization to security, DevOps, and organizational strategies.

MLOps Pipeline Architecture: Building Production-Ready ML Systems

February 12, 2025

• Mlops , Machine learning , Ci cd , Data engineering , Model deployment , Model monitoring

Machine learning has moved beyond research and experimentation to become a critical component of many production systems. However, successfully deploying and maintaining ML models in production requires more than just good data science—it demands robust engineering practices, automated pipelines, and governance frameworks. This is where MLOps (Machine Learning Operations) comes in, bridging the gap between ML development and operational excellence. This comprehensive guide explores the architecture of production-grade MLOps pipelines, covering everything from data preparation to model monitoring.

Event-Driven Architecture Patterns for Distributed Systems

February 8, 2025

• Distributed systems , Event driven architecture , Microservices , System design

In the world of distributed systems, event-driven architecture (EDA) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for building scalable, loosely coupled, and responsive applications. By centering communication around events—significant changes in state or notable occurrences within a system—EDA enables organizations to create systems that can evolve independently while maintaining coherence across complex domains. This article explores the essential patterns of event-driven architecture, providing practical guidance on when and how to implement them in distributed systems.

Error Handling in Rust: Mastering Result and Option Types

February 5, 2025

• Rust , Error handling , Programming

Error handling is a critical aspect of writing reliable software, yet it’s often treated as an afterthought in many programming languages. Some languages rely on exceptions that can be easily overlooked, while others use error codes that can be ignored. Rust takes a fundamentally different approach by making error handling explicit through its type system, primarily using the Result and Option types. This approach ensures that errors are handled deliberately rather than by accident or omission.

Rust's Distributed Systems Ecosystem in 2025

February 5, 2025

• Rust , Distributed systems , Microservices , Networking

Distributed systems have become the backbone of modern computing infrastructure, powering everything from cloud services and microservices architectures to blockchain networks and IoT platforms. Building these systems presents unique challenges: network partitions, partial failures, consistency issues, and the inherent complexity of coordinating multiple nodes. Rust, with its focus on reliability, performance, and fine-grained control, has emerged as an excellent language for tackling these challenges. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s ecosystem for building distributed systems as it stands in early 2025.

Kubernetes vs. Serverless Architectures: Choosing the Right Compute Platform

February 1, 2025

• Kubernetes , Serverless , Aws lambda , Azure functions , Google cloud functions , Cloud architecture , Dev ops

In today’s cloud-native landscape, organizations face a critical decision when deploying applications: should they use container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes or embrace serverless computing models? This choice significantly impacts development workflows, operational overhead, scalability, and costs. While both approaches enable modern cloud-native applications, they represent fundamentally different philosophies for application deployment and management. This comprehensive guide explores Kubernetes and serverless architectures in depth, comparing their strengths, limitations, and ideal use cases to help you make an informed decision for your specific requirements.

Quantum Computing for Enterprises: Preparing for the Next Computing Revolution

February 1, 2025

• Quantum computing , Enterprise technology , Quantum algorithms , Quantum ready , Quantum use cases , Quantum strategy , Quantum advantage

Quantum computing represents one of the most significant technological shifts on the horizon, promising computational capabilities that could revolutionize industries from pharmaceuticals to finance, logistics to cybersecurity. While widespread quantum advantage—where quantum computers outperform classical systems for practical business problems—is still emerging, forward-thinking enterprises are already developing quantum strategies, building expertise, and identifying potential use cases to ensure they’re prepared when quantum technologies mature. This comprehensive guide explores quantum computing from an enterprise perspective, covering key concepts, potential applications, implementation strategies, and practical steps for preparing your organization.

Rust's Type System: A Deep Dive into Safety and Expressiveness

January 31, 2025

• Rust , Type systems , Programming

Rust’s type system stands as one of its most powerful features, combining the expressiveness of modern languages with the safety guarantees that systems programming demands. Unlike dynamically typed languages that defer type checking to runtime, or statically typed languages with escape hatches that can lead to undefined behavior, Rust’s type system is designed to catch errors at compile time while remaining flexible enough for real-world programming challenges. In this comprehensive exploration, we’ll dive deep into Rust’s type system, examining how it balances safety and expressiveness.

GitOps Workflow Implementation: A Practical Guide

January 28, 2025

• Git ops , Kubernetes , Ci cd , Flux , Argo cd , Infrastructure as code

GitOps has emerged as a powerful paradigm for managing infrastructure and application deployments, particularly in Kubernetes environments. By using Git as the single source of truth for declarative infrastructure and applications, GitOps enables teams to increase deployment velocity while improving reliability and auditability. However, implementing GitOps workflows requires careful planning and consideration of tools, processes, and organizational factors. This comprehensive guide explores the practical aspects of implementing GitOps workflows, from selecting the right tools to establishing effective processes and addressing common challenges.

Advanced Rust Performance Optimization Techniques in 2025

January 25, 2025

• Rust , Performance , Optimization , Programming

Performance optimization is a critical aspect of software development, particularly for systems programming, data processing, and other performance-sensitive applications. Rust, with its focus on zero-cost abstractions and fine-grained control over system resources, provides an excellent foundation for building high-performance software. However, achieving optimal performance often requires going beyond the basics and applying specialized optimization techniques tailored to your specific use case. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore advanced performance optimization techniques for Rust applications as they stand in early 2025.

Borrowing and References in Rust: The Art of Safe Memory Sharing

January 25, 2025

• Rust , Memory management , Programming

In our previous exploration of Rust’s ownership system, we established how Rust manages memory through a set of compile-time rules that track the ownership of values. While ownership provides the foundation for Rust’s memory safety guarantees, constantly transferring ownership would make code unnecessarily complex and inefficient. This is where Rust’s borrowing system comes into play—a sophisticated mechanism that allows you to use values without transferring ownership. Borrowing, implemented through references, is what makes Rust’s ownership model practical for everyday programming.

Implementing Distributed Tracing: A Practical Guide for Modern Applications

January 20, 2025

• Distributed systems , Observability , Microservices , Performance

In today’s world of distributed systems and microservices architectures, understanding the flow of requests across dozens or even hundreds of services has become increasingly challenging. When a user experiences a slow response or an error, pinpointing the root cause can feel like searching for a needle in a haystack. This is where distributed tracing comes in—providing a powerful lens through which we can observe, understand, and optimize our distributed applications.

Rust Security Features and Best Practices in 2025

January 20, 2025

• Rust , Security , Best practices , Programming

Security has become a paramount concern in software development, with vulnerabilities and exploits causing billions in damages annually. As systems become more interconnected and complex, the need for programming languages that prioritize security by design has never been greater. Rust, with its focus on memory safety without sacrificing performance, has positioned itself as a leading language for security-critical applications. By eliminating entire classes of bugs at compile time, Rust provides developers with powerful tools to write secure code from the ground up.

Kubernetes Pod Security Policies: Best Practices for Cluster Protection

January 15, 2025

• Kubernetes , Pod security , Container security , Dev sec ops , Cloud native

As Kubernetes adoption continues to grow across organizations of all sizes, securing containerized workloads has become a critical concern. Pod Security Policies (PSPs) and their successor, Pod Security Admission, represent Kubernetes’ native approach to enforcing security best practices at the pod level. By controlling the security-sensitive aspects of pod specifications, these mechanisms help prevent privilege escalation and limit the potential damage from container-based attacks. This comprehensive guide explores how to implement effective pod security controls in Kubernetes, covering both the legacy Pod Security Policies and the newer Pod Security Standards and Admission Controller.

Understanding Rust's Ownership System: The Key to Memory Safety

January 15, 2025

• Rust , Memory management , Programming

Rust’s ownership system stands as one of the language’s most revolutionary contributions to systems programming. While other languages rely on garbage collection or manual memory management, Rust introduces a third approach: ownership with borrowing. This system enables Rust to guarantee memory safety at compile time without runtime overhead, preventing entire categories of bugs that plague other languages. For developers coming from languages like C++, Java, or Python, understanding ownership is the key to unlocking Rust’s full potential.

Microservices vs. Monoliths: Choosing the Right Architecture for Your Application

January 10, 2025

• Microservices , Monolith , System design , Architecture , Cloud , Dev ops

One of the most significant architectural decisions in modern software development is choosing between microservices and monolithic architectures. This choice impacts everything from development speed and team structure to scalability and operational complexity. Despite the hype around microservices in recent years, the reality is that neither approach is universally superior—each has distinct advantages and challenges that make it suitable for different scenarios. This comprehensive guide explores both architectural patterns in depth, providing a balanced comparison to help you make an informed decision for your specific context.

Distributed Systems Fundamentals: Core Concepts Every Developer Should Know

January 7, 2025

• Distributed systems , Architecture , System design

In today’s interconnected world, distributed systems have become the backbone of modern software architecture. From global e-commerce platforms to real-time collaboration tools, distributed systems enable applications to scale beyond the confines of a single machine, providing resilience, performance, and global reach. However, with these benefits come significant challenges that every developer must understand to build effective distributed applications. This article explores the fundamental concepts of distributed systems, providing a solid foundation for developers looking to navigate this complex but essential domain.

Getting Started with Rust: A Comprehensive Installation and Setup Guide

January 5, 2025

• Rust , Setup , Programming

Rust has emerged as one of the most promising programming languages of the decade, offering an unparalleled combination of performance, reliability, and productivity. Whether you’re a seasoned developer looking to expand your toolkit or a newcomer to systems programming, setting up Rust correctly is your first step toward mastering this powerful language. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the installation process across different operating systems, help you configure your development environment, and introduce you to essential tools in the Rust ecosystem.

Rust Interoperability: Seamlessly Working with Other Languages in 2025

January 5, 2025

• Rust , Interoperability , Ffi , Programming

In today’s complex software landscape, few applications are built using a single programming language. Different languages offer different strengths, and existing codebases represent significant investments that can’t be rewritten overnight. This reality makes language interoperability—the ability for code written in different languages to work together seamlessly—a critical feature for any modern programming language. Rust, with its focus on safety, performance, and practicality, has developed robust interoperability capabilities that allow it to integrate smoothly with a wide range of other languages.

Rust's unwrap: Unlocking Its Potential and Avoiding Pitfalls

December 30, 2024

• Rust

Learn how to effectively use Rust’s unwrap method, including its benefits, risks, and safer alternatives, in this comprehensive guide. At the heart of its error-handling mechanism lie the Option and Result types, which provide developers with tools to explicitly manage the presence or absence of values and handle potential errors in computations. However, there exists a method—unwrap—that offers a shortcut for extracting values from these types. While powerful, its misuse can lead to unexpected panics, making it a topic of both fascination and caution among Rustaceans.

Optimizing the Two Sum Problem: Techniques, Trade-offs, and Performance

December 13, 2024

• Python , Data structures

The Problem Statement One of the classic algorithm problems frequently encountered in interviews is the Two Sum problem. It challenges you to find two indices in an array such that the sum of the elements at these indices equals a given target. It seems simple, but the real depth lies in optimizing its solution. There is this common programming question that goes something like this: Given an array of integers nums and an integer target, return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to target.

Chaos Engineering Practices: Building Resilient Systems Through Controlled Failure

December 10, 2024

• Chaos engineering , Resilience , Fault tolerance , Sre , Testing , Reliability

In today’s complex distributed systems, failures are inevitable. Networks partition, services crash, dependencies slow down, and hardware fails. Traditional testing approaches often fall short in identifying how these systems behave under unexpected conditions. Chaos Engineering has emerged as a disciplined approach to identify weaknesses in distributed systems by deliberately injecting failures in a controlled manner. This comprehensive guide explores chaos engineering principles, tools, implementation strategies, and real-world examples. Whether you’re just starting your reliability journey or looking to enhance your existing practices, these approaches will help you build more resilient systems that can withstand the turbulence of production environments.

Low-Code/No-Code Platforms: Democratizing Application Development

November 15, 2024

• Low code , No code , Citizen developers , Rapid application development , Digital transformation , Enterprise architecture , Shadow it , Governance , Automation , Business process management

The demand for software applications continues to outpace the availability of professional developers, creating significant backlogs and slowing digital transformation initiatives. Low-code and no-code development platforms have emerged as powerful solutions to this challenge, enabling both professional developers and business users to build applications with minimal traditional coding. By abstracting away complex technical details through visual interfaces and pre-built components, these platforms democratize application development and accelerate delivery. This comprehensive guide explores low-code and no-code platforms, covering their capabilities, use cases, implementation strategies, governance, and best practices.

Observability Platforms Comparison: Choosing the Right Monitoring Solution

November 5, 2024

• Observability , Monitoring , Prometheus , Grafana , Datadog , New relic , Elastic , Dynatrace

As systems grow more complex and distributed, traditional monitoring approaches fall short. Modern observability platforms have emerged to provide deeper insights into system behavior, performance, and health. However, choosing the right observability solution for your organization can be challenging given the wide range of options available, each with different strengths, architectures, and pricing models. This comprehensive guide compares leading observability platforms including Prometheus, Grafana, Datadog, New Relic, Elastic Observability, and Dynatrace.

How to Migrate Docker Repositories to a New DockerHub Username

November 4, 2024

• Docker

If you’ve ever tried to rename your DockerHub username, you know there’s no direct way to do it. For many users, creating a new DockerHub account and transferring all their repositories is the best option. This guide walks you through automating the process of migrating all Docker images from an old username to a new one. We’ll share a complete shell script, so you don’t have to manually tag and push each image, saving you time and effort.

Python 3.13 No-GIL Mode: How to Unlock True Multi-Threading and Boost Performance

November 1, 2024

• Python

Python 3.13 has quietly introduced a game-changing experimental feature: no-GIL mode! For years, the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) has been a barrier to true parallelism in Python, limiting Python threads to one at a time. But with Python 3.13, you can now compile Python to run without the GIL, allowing Python threads to fully utilize multiple cores. Let’s dive into why this matters, how to try it out, and what kinds of performance gains you might see.

Benefits of Cloud-Native Applications: Building for the Modern Infrastructure

October 15, 2024

• Cloud native , Microservices , Containers , Kubernetes , Dev ops , Scalability , Resilience

The landscape of application development and deployment has undergone a profound transformation over the past decade. Traditional monolithic applications hosted on physical servers have given way to cloud-native applications designed specifically to leverage the capabilities of modern cloud infrastructure. This shift isn’t merely a change in hosting environment—it represents a fundamental reimagining of how applications are built, deployed, and operated. Cloud-native applications are specifically designed to thrive in cloud environments, embracing principles like containerization, microservices architecture, declarative APIs, and immutable infrastructure.

AI-Powered Distributed Systems: Architectures and Implementation Patterns

October 5, 2024

• Artificial intelligence , Distributed systems , Machine learning , Aiops

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with distributed systems represents one of the most significant technological advancements in recent years. As distributed systems grow in complexity, traditional management approaches struggle to keep pace. AI offers powerful capabilities to enhance these systems with self-healing, intelligent scaling, anomaly detection, and automated optimization. This convergence is creating a new generation of distributed systems that are more resilient, efficient, and adaptive than ever before.

How to Create Your Own Programming Language

September 19, 2024

• General

A programming language is a system of communication and computation used to control a computer. Languages allow us to write instructions in a format that computers can understand and execute. While many popular languages like Python, Java, and JavaScript already exist, you may want to create your own for learning purposes or to solve a specific problem. Here is an overview of the key steps involved in designing a custom programming language.

Poetry vs Pip: Comparing Python Dependency Management and Packaging Tools

September 13, 2024

• Python

Poetry and Pip are two popular tools for managing Python dependencies and packaging Python projects. Both have their own sets of advantages and disadvantages. This guide will provide a technical comparison of the two tools and demonstrate why Poetry has more features and is generally preferable to Pip for most use cases. Key Differences Some of the key differences between Poetry and Pip include: Dependency resolution: Poetry uses a resolver to find the best combination of package versions to meet your requirements.

Sustainable Cloud Computing for Distributed Systems

September 12, 2024

• Green computing , Distributed systems , Energy efficiency , Carbon footprint

As distributed systems increasingly rely on cloud computing resources, their environmental impact has become a growing concern. The global IT industry accounts for approximately 2-3% of worldwide carbon emissions—comparable to the aviation industry—with data centers alone consuming about 1% of global electricity. With the exponential growth of distributed systems and cloud computing, implementing sustainable practices is not just an environmental imperative but also a business necessity. This article explores practical strategies and technologies for implementing sustainable cloud computing in distributed systems, helping organizations reduce their environmental impact while maintaining performance, reliability, and cost-effectiveness.

API Design Principles: Building Interfaces That Last

September 10, 2024

• API design , Rest , Graph ql , Microservices , Developer experience , API security

Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) have become the foundation of modern software development, enabling seamless integration between systems, powering microservices architectures, and facilitating third-party ecosystems. However, designing APIs that are intuitive, efficient, secure, and able to evolve over time requires careful consideration of numerous principles and best practices. This comprehensive guide explores API design principles that lead to robust, developer-friendly interfaces. We’ll cover RESTful design, GraphQL, versioning strategies, authentication methods, documentation approaches, and patterns for creating APIs that stand the test of time.

A Complete DevOps Guide for Beginners

September 5, 2024

• Dev ops

Are you looking to improve your software development workflow and increase efficiency? Look no further than DevOps! In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore what DevOps means, its benefits, and how to get started with implementing it in your own organization. Hello there! My name is Andrew, and I’m excited to share my expertise on DevOps Engineering with you. As someone who has spent years working in the field, I’ve seen firsthand how it can transform organizations and bring people together.

Creating a Docker Alternative in Python

August 26, 2024

• Docker , Python

Docker is a popular containerization platform that allows developers to easily package applications into lightweight containers that can run isolated on any system. Containers provide a convenient way to deploy and scale applications by bundling together all the dependencies and configurations needed to run the app. In this guide, we will walk through how to create a simple docker alternative in Python. The goal is to build a basic container runtime that can build images, run containers, and manage containers lifecycles.

Why Different Programming Languages Need to Exist

August 26, 2024

• General

Programming languages allow us to communicate with computers by writing code. There are hundreds of programming languages in use today, and new ones are constantly being created. But why do we need so many different languages? Here are some key reasons: Different Levels of Abstraction Programming languages operate at different levels of abstraction from the underlying machine code that computers understand. Lower level languages like C and Assembly provide direct access to computer hardware and memory.

Database Scaling Strategies: From Gigabytes to Petabytes

August 15, 2024

• Database scaling , Sharding , Replication , No SQL , Performance tuning , High availability

As applications grow in popularity and data volumes expand, database performance often becomes a critical bottleneck. What worked perfectly during development or early production can quickly become inadequate as user numbers increase and data accumulates. Scaling database systems effectively requires a deep understanding of various strategies, their trade-offs, and implementation approaches. This comprehensive guide explores database scaling strategies from vertical scaling to distributed systems, covering relational and NoSQL approaches, replication, sharding, and cloud-native solutions.

Rust for Quantum Computing in 2024: Libraries, Tools, and Best Practices

August 10, 2024

• Rust , Quantum computing , Simulation , Algorithms

Quantum computing represents one of the most exciting frontiers in computer science, promising computational capabilities that could revolutionize fields from cryptography to drug discovery. As quantum hardware continues to advance, there’s a growing need for robust software tools to bridge the gap between quantum algorithms and physical quantum processors. Rust, with its combination of performance comparable to C/C++ and memory safety guarantees without garbage collection, has emerged as an excellent choice for quantum computing development.

The Future of AI in Software Development: What to Expect in 2025

August 8, 2024

• Ai

As we stand on the cusp of a new era in technology, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into software development is poised to revolutionize the way we create, maintain, and evolve digital solutions. By 2025, the landscape of software engineering is expected to undergo a dramatic transformation, with AI playing a pivotal role in every aspect of the development lifecycle. From intelligent code generation to predictive maintenance and beyond, the fusion of AI and software development promises to enhance productivity, improve code quality, and accelerate innovation at an unprecedented scale.

Auth

July 30, 2024

Welcome to Auth, your ultimate solution for seamless authentication integration. Simplify your development process and enhance security with our robust authentication platform. Key Features Dashboard Overview: Get a high-level view of your authentication metrics, user activity, and security status. Real-Time Data: Monitor authentication events and user activity in real-time. User Authentication Sign-Up & Login: Easily integrate user registration and login functionalities. Multi-Factor Authentication: Enhance security with optional multi-factor authentication (MFA). Authorization Role-Based Access Control: Define and manage user roles and permissions.

CloudZen

July 30, 2024

Welcome to CloudZen, your ultimate solution for mastering cloud cost management. Streamline your spending, optimize resources, and gain full visibility into your cloud expenses with our intuitive platform. Key Features Dashboard Overview: Get a high-level view of your cloud spending, with key metrics and trends. Alerts: Receive notifications for budget breaches or unusual spending patterns. Cost Tracking Detailed Breakdown: View costs by service, project, or department. Historical Data: Access past spending data for analysis and comparison.

Uptime Monitor

July 30, 2024

Welcome to Uptime Monitor, your essential tool for ensuring the reliability and availability of your websites and services. Stay ahead of downtime with real-time monitoring and instant alerts. Key Features Dashboard Overview: Get a high-level view of your website’s uptime and performance, with key metrics and trends. Real-Time Data: Monitor uptime and response times in real-time. Uptime Monitoring Global Checks: Perform checks from multiple global locations to ensure your website is accessible worldwide.

Website Analytics

July 30, 2024

Welcome to Website Analytics, your ultimate solution for real-time website analytics. Understand your audience, optimize user experience, and drive growth with our comprehensive platform. Key Features Dashboard Overview: Get a high-level view of your website’s performance, with key metrics and trends. Real-Time Data: Monitor your website traffic and user behavior in real-time. Traffic Analysis Visitor Insights: Understand who your visitors are, where they come from, and what they do on your site.

Learn Concurrency in Go

July 22, 2024

• Go

Concurrency in Go is one of its most powerful features, designed to make it easy to write concurrent programs. Go’s concurrency model is based on goroutines and channels, which provide a simple and efficient way to manage multiple tasks running in parallel. Goroutines A goroutine is a lightweight thread managed by the Go runtime. You can start a new goroutine using the go keyword followed by a function call. Goroutines run concurrently with other goroutines.

Learn Go as a DevOps Engineer

July 18, 2024

• Go , Dev ops

Go, also known as Golang, is an open-source programming language designed for simplicity, efficiency, and reliability. It has become increasingly popular in the DevOps community due to its powerful standard library, ease of use, and performance capabilities. This guide aims to provide DevOps engineers with a comprehensive understanding of Go, from basic syntax to advanced topics, complete with practical examples and code snippets. 1. Introduction to Go What is Go? Go is a statically typed, compiled programming language designed by Google.

How to Run Technical Discovery Sessions: A Comprehensive Guide

July 5, 2024

• Discovery , Requirements gathering , Technical planning , Facilitation , Architecture

Technical discovery sessions are the foundation of successful software projects. These structured conversations between technical teams, stakeholders, and subject matter experts uncover requirements, constraints, and context that shape the entire project lifecycle. When done well, discovery sessions align expectations, identify risks early, and create a shared understanding that guides implementation. When done poorly, they lead to misaligned expectations, missed requirements, and ultimately, project failure. This comprehensive guide explores how to plan and facilitate effective technical discovery sessions.

Secrets Management in Cloud Environments: Best Practices and Tools

July 1, 2024

• Secrets management , Aws , Azure , Gcp , Security , Dev ops , Compliance

In today’s cloud-native world, applications require access to numerous secrets—API keys, database credentials, encryption keys, and other sensitive information. Managing these secrets securely is one of the most critical aspects of cloud security. Poor secrets management can lead to data breaches, unauthorized access, and compliance violations that can severely impact your organization. This comprehensive guide explores best practices, tools, and implementation strategies for effective secrets management across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP), helping you build a robust security posture for your cloud environments.

Developing a Custom Kubernetes Controller in Go

June 20, 2024

• Go , Dev ops

A custom Kubernetes controller manages custom resources within a Kubernetes cluster, allowing for extended functionalities and custom automation. Step-by-Step Guide Define Custom Resource: Define a custom resource definition (CRD) in a YAML file. apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1 kind: CustomResourceDefinition metadata: name: myresources.mydomain.com spec: group: mydomain.com versions: - name: v1 served: true storage: true schema: openAPIV3Schema: type: object properties: spec: type: object properties: size: type: integer scope: Namespaced names: plural: myresources singular: myresource kind: MyResource shortNames: - mr Generate Clientset: Use kubebuilder to generate clientset, informers, and listers for your CRD.

Rust for IoT Development in 2024: Frameworks, Tools, and Best Practices

June 18, 2024

• Rust , Io t , Embedded systems , Real time

The Internet of Things (IoT) continues to transform our world, connecting billions of devices that collect, process, and exchange data. As IoT deployments grow in scale and complexity, the need for reliable, secure, and efficient software becomes increasingly critical. Rust, with its unique combination of memory safety without garbage collection, predictable performance, and modern language features, has emerged as an excellent choice for IoT development. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore Rust’s ecosystem for IoT development as it stands in mid-2024.

Creating a Monitoring Agent in Go

June 18, 2024

• Go , Dev ops

Building a monitoring agent involves collecting metrics from a system and sending them to a monitoring server or displaying them on a dashboard. Step-by-Step Guide Define Metrics Structure: Create a structure to store metrics. type Metric struct { Name string Value float64 } Collect Metrics: Implement functions to collect various system metrics (CPU usage, memory usage, etc.). import ( "github.com/shirou/gopsutil/cpu" "github.com/shirou/gopsutil/mem" ) func collectCPUMetrics() Metric { usage, _ := cpu.Percent(0, false) return Metric{Name: "cpu_usage", Value: usage[0]} } func collectMemoryMetrics() Metric { v, _ := mem.

Building a CI/CD Pipeline Tool in Go

June 15, 2024

• Go , Dev ops

Developing a custom CI/CD pipeline tool in Go can help automate the processes of building, testing, and deploying applications. This project involves setting up pipelines, triggering builds, running tests, and deploying applications. Step-by-Step Guide Define the Pipeline Structure: Create a structure to define pipeline stages, jobs, and steps. type Step struct { Name string Command string } type Job struct { Name string Steps []Step } type Pipeline struct { Name string Jobs []Job } Parse Configuration: Write a function to parse a pipeline configuration file (e.

Cloud Networking Best Practices: Designing Secure and Scalable Architectures

June 10, 2024

• Cloud networking , Vpc , Security , Performance , Connectivity , Network design

Networking is the foundation of cloud infrastructure, connecting your applications, services, and data across regions and to the internet. As organizations migrate more workloads to the cloud, designing secure, scalable, and high-performance network architectures becomes increasingly critical. Poor network design can lead to security vulnerabilities, performance bottlenecks, and operational challenges that impact your entire cloud environment. This comprehensive guide explores cloud networking best practices across major cloud providers, covering VPC design, security controls, connectivity options, performance optimization, and monitoring strategies.

GoFlood – A Powerful HTTP Load Testing Tool

June 2, 2024

What is GoFlood? GoFlood is a high-performance, concurrent HTTP load testing tool written in Go. It allows you to simulate real-world traffic scenarios and stress-test your web applications, APIs, and servers by flooding them with a configurable number of concurrent requests. Key Features Concurrent Requests: GoFlood can generate a large number of concurrent HTTP requests, simulating high-traffic scenarios. Gradual Concurrency Increase: You can configure GoFlood to start with a base concurrency level and gradually increase the concurrency by a specified step, allowing you to observe the system’s behavior under varying load conditions.

Everything you need to know to Master API Creation

May 31, 2024

• Java , Python

Introduction to APIs An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of rules and protocols that allows different software applications to communicate with each other. APIs can be categorized into various types, including REST, SOAP, GraphQL, and RPC. Among these, REST (Representational State Transfer) is the most widely used due to its simplicity and scalability. This guide focuses primarily on RESTful APIs, which adhere to a set of constraints that make them efficient and easy to use.

WebAssembly in the Enterprise: Beyond the Browser

May 18, 2024

• Web assembly , Wasm , Wasi , Edge computing , Containerization , Rust , Assembly script , Serverless , Microservices , Portable execution

WebAssembly (Wasm) has evolved far beyond its origins as a browser technology. Initially designed to enable high-performance code execution in web browsers, Wasm has expanded into server-side applications, edge computing, containerization alternatives, and more. Its unique combination of near-native performance, sandboxed security, language-agnostic design, and compact binary format makes it increasingly attractive for enterprise applications seeking portability, security, and efficiency. This comprehensive guide explores WebAssembly’s role in enterprise applications, covering server-side Wasm, edge computing use cases, containerization alternatives, multi-language development, and security considerations.

Building CI/CD Pipelines with GitHub Actions: A Comprehensive Guide

May 15, 2024

• Ci cd , Git hub actions , Dev ops , Automation , Deployment , Testing

Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) have revolutionized how software teams deliver value. By automating the build, test, and deployment processes, CI/CD enables faster, more reliable software delivery with fewer manual interventions. Among the various CI/CD tools available today, GitHub Actions has emerged as a powerful and flexible solution, particularly for teams already using GitHub for source control. This comprehensive guide will walk you through building effective CI/CD pipelines with GitHub Actions, from basic concepts to advanced implementation strategies, helping you accelerate your software delivery while maintaining quality and security.

How to AWS Assume Role and then revert to the previous role after

May 1, 2024

• Aws , Dev ops , Bash

If you need to assume a role in AWS and then revert back to the previous role once complete, you can use the following snippet of code: # Save original environment variables ORIGINAL_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="$AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID" ORIGINAL_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="$AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY" ORIGINAL_AWS_SESSION_TOKEN="$AWS_SESSION_TOKEN" # Assume the role and store the output in a variable assume_role_output=$(aws sts assume-role --role-arn arn:aws:iam::12345678912:role/YourCrossAccountAccessRole --role-session-name "AssumeRoleSession") # Extract temporary credentials from the assume role output using jq (JSON processor) export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=$(echo "$assume_role_output" | jq -r '.

Infrastructure as Code with Terraform: From Basics to Best Practices

April 12, 2024

• Terraform , Infrastructure as code , Aws , Azure , Gcp , Dev ops , Automation

In today’s cloud-centric world, managing infrastructure manually is no longer feasible. As organizations scale their cloud presence, the complexity of managing resources across multiple providers and environments becomes overwhelming. Infrastructure as Code (IaC) has emerged as the solution to this challenge, with Terraform standing out as one of the most powerful and flexible IaC tools available. This comprehensive guide will take you through the journey of mastering Terraform—from understanding core concepts to implementing advanced techniques and best practices that enable you to manage infrastructure at scale with confidence and efficiency.

Essential Policies for Administering an AWS EKS Cluster

March 22, 2024

• Aws , Eks

So, what policies does my role need to create an AWS EKS cluster and be the admin? AmazonEKSClusterPolicy: This policy grants permissions to create and manage EKS clusters. It includes actions like eks:CreateCluster, eks:DescribeCluster, eks:UpdateClusterConfig, eks:DeleteCluster, etc. AmazonEKSServicePolicy: This policy allows the necessary permissions for the EKS service to manage resources on your behalf. It includes actions like eks:DescribeUpdates, eks:ListClusters, eks:ListUpdates, etc. AmazonEKSServiceRolePolicy: This policy is attached to the IAM role assumed by the EKS service.

Show the Top 10 Largest Directories on Linux

March 13, 2024

• Bash , Linux

If you need to see the top 10 largest directories on your Linux system, you can use the following command: du -h --max-depth=1 / | sort -rh | head -n 11 Alternative If you are okay to install additional software, then you can use a tool like ncdu to do the same, but with a lot more options and more features. Installing ncdu ncdu is a software package that standards for “NCurses Disk Usage” and is a disk utility tool for Unix based systems.

Cloud Cost Optimization Strategies: Maximizing ROI in the Cloud

March 1, 2024

• Cost optimization , Aws , Azure , Gcp , Fin ops , Cloud management

As organizations continue to migrate workloads to the cloud, many are experiencing the phenomenon known as “cloud shock”—the realization that cloud costs are significantly higher than anticipated. While the cloud offers tremendous benefits in terms of agility, scalability, and innovation, these advantages can come at a substantial cost if not managed properly. According to Gartner, through 2024, nearly 60% of organizations will encounter public cloud cost overruns that negatively impact their budgets.

Retrieve the Latest Versioned Tag from AWS ECR in Bash

February 21, 2024

• Bash , Dev ops , Aws

Managing Docker images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR) is a common task for many developers and DevOps practitioners. Often, you need to retrieve the latest versioned tag from a repository to streamline deployment processes or ensure compatibility with the most recent features or fixes. In this post, we’ll explore a simple Bash command using the AWS CLI and jq to fetch the latest versioned tag from an ECR repository.

Designing Scalable Systems in AWS: Architecture Patterns for Growth

February 5, 2024

• Aws , Scalability , Architecture , Infrastructure , Performance , Dev ops

In today’s digital landscape, building systems that can scale effectively is no longer a luxury—it’s a necessity. Whether you’re launching a startup that might experience overnight success or managing enterprise applications with predictable but substantial growth, your architecture must be designed to scale seamlessly. Amazon Web Services (AWS) provides a rich ecosystem of services and tools to build highly scalable systems, but knowing how to leverage these resources effectively requires understanding key architectural patterns and best practices.

How to install MySQL on AmazonLinux2023

January 29, 2024

• Docker , Dev ops , Aws

If you are using Amazon Linux 2023 base-image, and you have tried to run yum install -y mysql, you will soon realize that it doesn’t work. Instead install MySQL on Amazon Linux 2023 like this: sudo dnf update -y sudo dnf install mariadb105-server For advanced use-cases where you are installing this in a Docker-in-Docker environment, do it without the sudo, as follows: dnf update -y dnf install mariadb105-server Now if you run mysql, you will no longer get the mysql: command not found message.

Choosing the Right Cloud Architecture: A Decision Framework for Modern Applications

January 15, 2024

• Architecture , Aws , Azure , Gcp , Microservices , Serverless

In today’s rapidly evolving technology landscape, selecting the right cloud architecture is one of the most consequential decisions that organizations face. The architecture you choose not only impacts your application’s performance, scalability, and reliability but also significantly affects your development velocity, operational overhead, and total cost of ownership. With multiple architectural patterns available—from traditional monoliths to microservices, serverless, and various hybrid approaches—making an informed decision requires a structured approach that considers your specific business context, technical requirements, and organizational constraints.

Run any version of Terrform using Docker

December 22, 2023

• Docker , Dev ops

So our friend Docker comes around for another usecase. Run Terraform (any version) from Docker In this example, we will try and configure Terraform 1.4.0 through Docker, so that we don’t need to install it on our host system. alias terraform14='docker run --rm -it -w $PWD:$PWD -v $PWD:$PWD hashicorp/terraform:1.4.0' To use it, we simply run a Terraform command: terraform14 -version Next let’s try another Terraform version as well alias terraform15='docker run --rm -it -w $PWD:$PWD -v $PWD:$PWD hashicorp/terraform:1.

Select * to Show Database Table Sizes MariaDB

December 21, 2023

• SQL

In database management, understanding the size of your tables is crucial for optimizing performance and ensuring efficient resource utilization. If you’re a technical enthusiast or a seasoned database administrator working with MariaDB, this blog post is tailored just for you. Today, we’ll unravel the mystery behind MariaDB database table sizes using a powerful SQL query. SELECT table_schema AS DB_NAME, TABLE_NAME, (DATA_LENGTH+INDEX_LENGTH)/1024/1024/1024 AS TABLE_SIZE_in_MB FROM information_schema.TABLES ORDER BY TABLE_SIZE_in_MB DESC Exploring MariaDB Table Sizes MariaDB stands out as a robust and reliable option.

The Future Prospects of DevOps in an AI World

November 20, 2023

• Dev ops , Ai

Abstract DevOps has become an integral part of modern software development, emphasizing communication and collaboration between software developers and IT operations professionals. However, with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), the future role and necessity of devops has been brought into question. This paper explores the prospects for devops in an increasingly AI-driven world, including devops’ potential contributions to and collaboration with AI, as well as the possibility of eventual replacement by intelligent systems.

Supercharge Your Code with Amazon CodeWhisperer

October 29, 2023

• Aws

Amazon CodeWhisperer is a cutting-edge service that leverages advanced AI and machine learning to provide real-time code generation, recommendations, and security analysis. As a developer, CodeWhisperer can supercharge your productivity and code quality. Key Capabilities Neural Code Generation CodeWhisperer utilizes powerful neural networks to generate code snippets and entire functions on demand. The advanced models are trained on millions of code samples and can produce idiomatic, human-readable code for a wide variety of programming languages.

A Deep Dive into Machine Learning Algorithms

October 28, 2023

• Ml , Python

Machine learning algorithms are the backbone of modern artificial intelligence. They enable computers to learn and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into common machine learning algorithms, providing detailed explanations and code examples to help you understand their inner workings. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced data scientist, this post will be a valuable resource to enhance your understanding of machine learning.

What is GitHub? A Comprehensive Guide from Basics to Advanced

October 27, 2023

• Git

GitHub is a platform that has revolutionized the world of software development, enabling individuals and teams to collaborate efficiently on projects of all sizes. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore GitHub from the very basics to the most advanced features. Whether you’re a novice or an experienced developer, you’ll find valuable insights and tips to enhance your understanding of GitHub. Part 1: Git Basics Before diving into GitHub, it’s essential to grasp the fundamental concepts of Git, the version control system that underlies GitHub.

Connect IPv4 and IPv6 Networks Seamlessly with Amazon VPC Lattice

October 26, 2023

• Aws

As the internet continues to grow, the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 has become more critical. Organizations need to manage both IP stacks efficiently and ensure seamless connectivity. Amazon Web Services (AWS) offers a groundbreaking solution: Amazon VPC Lattice. In this advanced guide, we’ll delve deeper into Amazon VPC Lattice, its technical details, and provide code examples for advanced users. A Lattice of Connectivity Amazon VPC Lattice simplifies the coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 stacks within your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

Building Event-Driven Architectures with Amazon EventBridge

October 25, 2023

• Aws

In the realm of real-time data streaming applications, managing the routing and processing of events efficiently is a complex challenge. Amazon Web Services (AWS) has a powerful solution: Amazon EventBridge. In the realm of real-time data streaming applications, managing the routing and processing of events efficiently is a complex challenge. Amazon Web Services (AWS) has a powerful solution: Amazon EventBridge. In this advanced guide, we’ll delve deeper into EventBridge, its key concepts, and provide code examples for advanced users.

Splitting Terraform Modules into Separate Git Repositories

October 24, 2023

• Terraform

In the world of Infrastructure as Code (IaC) , Terraform has emerged as a powerful tool for managing infrastructure resources. As your Terraform codebase grows, managing monolithic code can become challenging. In this advanced-level blog post, we will explore the process of moving Terraform modules into separate Git repositories and referencing these modules across multiple repositories. This approach can help you achieve better code organization, reusability, and collaboration in your infrastructure provisioning projects.

Accelerating Machine Learning with SageMaker Jumpstart

October 22, 2023

• Aws , Ml

Machine learning (ML) projects can be complex, time-consuming, and resource-intensive. Amazon SageMaker Jumpstart aims to change that by providing pre-built solutions, pre-trained models, and end-to-end ML capabilities. In this advanced guide, we’ll dive deep into SageMaker Jumpstart and provide code examples to illustrate its power. Unleashing ML Potential Amazon SageMaker Jumpstart is designed to accelerate your ML journey. It offers a wide range of pre-built solutions and pre-trained models for various ML use cases, including natural language processing, computer vision, and more.

Understanding the AWS Well-Architected Framework

October 19, 2023

• Aws

The AWS Well-Architected Framework is more than just a set of best practices; it’s a blueprint for success in the cloud. It offers a comprehensive guide to building high-quality, efficient, and cost-effective architectures on Amazon Web Services (AWS). In this blog post, we’ll delve into the key principles and pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework and explore how you can leverage it to ensure your cloud infrastructure is robust and resilient.

Mastering Advanced Networking in EKS and Kubernetes

October 16, 2023

• Aws , Kubernetes

Kubernetes has revolutionized container orchestration, and Amazon’s Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) is one of the most popular managed Kubernetes solutions available today. While getting started with EKS and Kubernetes is relatively straightforward, mastering advanced networking topics is essential for managing complex workloads and achieving optimal performance. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore advanced networking concepts in EKS and Kubernetes, accompanied by code examples and practical insights. 1. VPC Design and EKS Setup When working with EKS , it’s crucial to have a well-architected VPC.

How to Ignore SSL Certificates Globally in Git

October 14, 2023

• Git

In the world of software development, Git is an indispensable tool for version control. However, when working with repositories that use SSL certificates , you might encounter situations where you need to ignore SSL certificate verification globally. Whether it’s for testing or debugging purposes, this guide will show you how to ignore SSL certificates globally in Git and even disable SSL certificate checks altogether. We’ll cover everything from the basics to advanced configurations to help you manage SSL certificates effectively in your Git workflow .

Semantic Versioning with npm

October 13, 2023

• Node , Javascript

Semantic Versioning, often referred to as SemVer, is a crucial convention within the Node.js ecosystem. It provides a clear and structured way of versioning software, ensuring that developers can easily understand the impact of version changes. In this blog post, we’ll explore the principles of Semantic Versioning and how npm (Node Package Manager ) leverages it to manage packages effectively. Understanding Semantic Versioning Semantic Versioning is based on a three-digit version number, often expressed as x.

Understanding Peer Dependencies in Node Modules

October 12, 2023

• Node , Javascript

When working with Node.js and managing packages for your projects, you’re likely familiar with the dependencies and devDependencies sections in a package.json file. These sections define the packages your project depends on for both production and development purposes. However, there’s another crucial field often overlooked but equally important: peerDependencies. In this blog post, we will delve into the concept of peerDependencies and how they differ from regular dependencies and devDependencies.

How to Programmatically get Amazon IP Ranges/CIDRs

October 11, 2023

• Python , Aws

Amazon Web Services (AWS) operates an extensive network infrastructure with a vast number of IP addresses and CIDR blocks. As a developer or network administrator, you may need to programmatically retrieve the IP ranges or CIDRs associated with AWS regions and services for various reasons, such as configuring firewall rules or network security groups. In this guide, we’ll show you how to accomplish this using Python. Prerequisites Before we dive into the code, make sure you have the following prerequisites in place:

The Ultimate Guide to Emacs: Mastering the Art of CLI Programming

October 10, 2023

• CLI

In the realm of command-line interface (CLI) programming, Emacs stands as a legendary text editor, known for its immense power and unparalleled extensibility. For decades, Emacs has been the tool of choice for seasoned CLI programmers who demand efficiency and customization. In this ultimate guide, we will explore advanced and expert ways to harness the full potential of Emacs, helping you become an amazing CLI programmer. Introduction to Emacs What is Emacs?

The Ultimate Guide to VI: Mastering the Art of CLI Programming

October 9, 2023

• CLI

In the world of command-line interface (CLI) programming, efficiency is paramount. And when it comes to text editing in the CLI, there’s no tool more legendary than VI. This powerful, yet enigmatic text editor has been the choice of seasoned CLI programmers for decades. In this ultimate guide, we will explore advanced and expert ways to harness the full potential of VI, helping you become an amazing CLI programmer. Introduction to VI What is VI?

AWS Assume to another role

October 8, 2023

• Aws , CLI

OUT=$(aws sts assume-role --role-arn arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/OrganizationAccountAccessRole --role-session-name test) export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=$(echo $OUT | cut -d '"' -f 6 ) export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=$(echo $OUT | cut -d '"' -f 10 ) export AWS_SESSION_TOKEN=$(echo $OUT | cut -d '"' -f 14 ) aws sts get-caller-identity

Programming Languages Series

October 2, 2023

• Software , Python , Java , Javascript , C , Ruby

1. Introduction Welcome to our Programming Languages Series! In this series, we’ll explore various programming languages, understand their purposes, provide code examples, and discuss when to use each one. Let’s begin with an introduction to programming languages. What Are Programming Languages? Programming languages are a means of communication between humans and computers. They allow developers to instruct computers to perform specific tasks, ranging from simple calculations to complex data processing and application development.

Docker Deep Dive Series

September 22, 2023

• Docker , Kubernetes

1. Getting Started In this first part of the series, we will kick things off by getting Docker installed and running on your system. Docker makes it easy to package and distribute applications as containers, ensuring consistent environments across different stages of the development and deployment pipeline. Let’s jump right in and get Docker up and running! Prerequisites Before we start, ensure that you have the following prerequisites installed on your system:

Machine Learning Mastery Series

September 13, 2023

• Ml

Part 1. Introduction to Machine Learning Welcome to the Machine Learning Mastery Series, a comprehensive journey into the exciting world of machine learning. In this first installment, we’ll lay the foundation by exploring the fundamentals of machine learning, its types, and the essential concepts that underpin this transformative field. What is Machine Learning? Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on developing algorithms and models that enable computers to learn from and make predictions or decisions based on data.

Kubernetes Mastery

September 3, 2023

• Kubernetes

Part 1. Introduction Welcome to the Kubernetes Mastery Series! In this first part, we’ll set up a Kubernetes cluster using KinD (Kubernetes in Docker). Prerequisites: Docker kubectl KinD # Step 1: Install Docker # Step 2: Install kubectl # Step 3: Install KinD # Step 4: Create a KinD cluster kind create cluster --name my-cluster --config - <<EOF kind: Cluster apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4 nodes: - role: control-plane - role: worker - role: worker EOF # Step 5: Set kubectl context kubectl cluster-info --context kind-my-cluster # Step 6: Verify cluster nodes kubectl get nodes Part 2.

Managing Multiple Environments with Terraform Workspaces

September 2, 2023

• Terraform

Managing infrastructure across multiple environments such as development, staging, and production can be a daunting task. Terraform, a popular Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tool, offers a powerful feature known as workspaces that can help you efficiently manage and maintain separate environments within a single configuration. In this technical blog post, we’ll explore Terraform workspaces, how they work, and best practices for utilizing them effectively. Understanding Terraform Workspaces Terraform workspaces provide a way to manage distinct instances of the same infrastructure configuration.

Controlling and Understanding Parallelism Impact on the DAG

September 1, 2023

• Terraform

When working with large-scale infrastructure deployments, managing the provisioning and orchestration of resources efficiently becomes crucial. Terraform, a widely-used Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tool, offers a feature known as parallelism to accelerate the deployment process. In this blog post, we’ll delve into parallelism in Terraform, how it affects the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), and how you can control and optimize its usage. Understanding Parallelism and the DAG Parallelism refers to the ability to execute multiple tasks simultaneously.

How to add Payment Subscriptions with Stripe in Django

August 31, 2023

• Python

Integrating Stripe subscriptions into your Django site involves several steps. Here’s a high-level overview of the process. Please note that the exact implementation can vary based on your specific requirements. Steps involved Sign Up and Set Up Stripe Account If you haven’t already, sign up for a Stripe account at https://stripe.com . Once you’ve signed up, you’ll need your API keys: a Publishable Key (for the client-side) and a Secret Key (for server-side interactions).

Private Application Load Balancer for EKS in Terraform

August 30, 2023

• Aws , Dev ops , Terraform

Amazon Web Services (AWS) provides a powerful combination of services for building, deploying, and managing applications. Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) is a managed Kubernetes service that simplifies the process of deploying, managing, and scaling containerized applications using Kubernetes. In certain scenarios, you might want to deploy a private Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of your private EKS cluster to handle incoming traffic efficiently. In this guide, we’ll walk through the process of setting up a private ALB for your private EKS cluster using Terraform, along with best practices and intricate details.

Kubernetes vs Docker Swarm for Container Orchestration

August 29, 2023

• Docker , Dev ops

Container orchestration has become a cornerstone of modern application deployment and management. Two prominent contenders in the realm of container orchestration are Kubernetes and Docker Swarm. Both offer powerful solutions for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. In this in-depth comparison, we’ll delve into the strengths, features, and nuances of Kubernetes and Docker Swarm to help you make an informed choice for your container orchestration needs. Understanding Kubernetes Kubernetes, often referred to as K8s, has emerged as a de facto standard for container orchestration.

Setting Comprehensive CI/CD Pipeline with Jenkins and Docker

August 28, 2023

• Docker , Dev ops

In today’s dynamic software landscape, the fusion of Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines with robust tools like Jenkins and Docker has emerged as a cornerstone of efficient and reliable application delivery. This detailed tutorial will provide you with an in-depth walkthrough, guiding you step by step through the intricate process of configuring a comprehensive CI/CD pipeline using Jenkins and Docker. By the end of this tutorial, you’ll be equipped to seamlessly incorporate DevOps practices, elevating your software delivery process to new heights.

Navigating Microsoft Azure for Seasoned AWS Experts

August 27, 2023

• Cloud

In the ever-evolving landscape of cloud computing, two mammoth players, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure, have emerged as titans, offering an extensive array of services that cater to a diverse spectrum of business needs. If you’ve already amassed a wealth of knowledge and experience in AWS and are now yearning to broaden your cloud horizons, this comprehensive guide is designed to be your compass. Together, we’ll embark on a journey to seamlessly transition your AWS proficiency into the realm of Microsoft Azure, unraveling parallels between their services and enriching your cloud expertise.

Navigating Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for AWS Experts

August 26, 2023

• Cloud

In today’s rapidly evolving landscape of cloud computing, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Google Cloud Platform (GCP) have emerged as prominent contenders, furnishing an extensive array of services tailored to cater to the dynamic requirements of modern businesses. If you’re already versed in the intricacies of AWS and are now seeking to broaden your cloud horizons, this comprehensive guide is poised to be your beacon. We’ll embark on a journey of bridging the gap between your existing AWS proficiency and your newfound GCP expertise, ensuring your transition is not just smooth, but also illuminating.

Create a slug from a name in MySQL/MariaDB

August 25, 2023

• SQL , My SQL

How to create a slug from the name of an item in MySQL/MariaDB. UPDATE my_table SET slug = LOWER(REGEXP_REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(name, ' ', '-'), 'and', '-'), '[^a-zA-Z0-9-]', ''), '-+', '-'));

How to Get a List of Available Regions from AWS CLI

August 23, 2023

• Aws

AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a prominent cloud service provider that offers a wide range of services to businesses and individuals worldwide. One of the fundamental concepts in AWS is regions, which are distinct geographical locations hosting AWS infrastructure. Understanding regions is crucial for optimizing your cloud infrastructure’s performance, data residency, and compliance requirements. In this blog post, we’ll dive into the world of AWS regions, learn how to list available regions using the AWS CLI, and explore a handy command to fetch region details in a more reader-friendly format.

[Solved] A Number After a Double Reversal in Python

August 22, 2023

• Python

The problem Reversing an integer means to reverse all its digits. For example, reversing 2021 gives 1202. Reversing 12300 gives 321 as the leading zeros are not retained. Given an integer num, reverse num to get reversed1, then reverse reversed1 to get reversed2. Return true if reversed2 equals num. Otherwise return false. Example 1: Input: num = 526 Output: true Explanation: Reverse num to get 625, then reverse 625 to get 526, which equals num.

Common Issues and Mastering Effective Debugging Techniques

August 21, 2023

• Kubernetes

While Kubernetes offers a powerful platform for deploying containerized applications, managing complex clusters can sometimes lead to challenges and errors. In this comprehensive blog post, we will delve into common issues that arise in Kubernetes clusters and equip you with effective troubleshooting and debugging methodologies. By the end, you’ll be empowered to unravel the mysteries of Kubernetes troubleshooting and confidently resolve issues to ensure the seamless operation of your clusters.

K8s CI/CD: GitOps with Jenkins, GitLab, Argo CD

August 20, 2023

• Kubernetes

Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines are fundamental to the success of Kubernetes deployments , enabling fast and reliable application delivery. In this comprehensive blog post, we will explore CI/CD pipelines customized for Kubernetes, including the GitOps approach, and how to leverage popular tools like Jenkins, GitLab, and Argo CD. By the end, you’ll be equipped with actionable insights to build efficient CI/CD pipelines that seamlessly integrate with your Kubernetes ecosystem.

K8s Monitoring & Logging: Best Practices & Top Tools

August 19, 2023

• Kubernetes

Monitoring and logging are critical components of a successful Kubernetes deployment , providing insights into the health, performance, and behavior of your clusters and applications. In this comprehensive blog post, we will cover best practices for monitoring Kubernetes, including node and pod metrics, as well as exploring popular monitoring and logging tools such as Prometheus, Grafana, and Elasticsearch. By the end, you’ll be equipped with actionable knowledge to set up robust observability for your Kubernetes ecosystem, enabling you to detect issues proactively and ensure smooth operations.

K8s Upgrades & Rollbacks Guide to Compatibility & Strategies

August 18, 2023

• Kubernetes

Keeping your Kubernetes cluster up-to-date is crucial for security, performance, and accessing the latest features. However, orchestrating Kubernetes upgrades and rollbacks can be a challenging endeavor. In this all-encompassing blog post, we will dive into the complexities of Kubernetes upgrades, exploring version compatibility considerations, the power of rolling updates, and the importance of robust rollback strategies. By the end, you’ll be equipped with actionable insights to navigate Kubernetes upgrades and rollbacks with confidence, ensuring your cluster remains resilient and always up-to-date.

K8s Pod Scheduling: Node & Pod Affinity Demystified

August 17, 2023

• Kubernetes

Efficient pod scheduling is essential to achieving high performance and resource utilization in a Kubernetes cluster. Understanding the intricacies of pod scheduling, particularly node affinity, pod affinity, and anti-affinity rules, empowers you to distribute workloads effectively. In this comprehensive blog post, we will explore the art of pod scheduling in Kubernetes , shedding light on the power of node affinity, enhancing resource allocation with pod affinity, and ensuring fault tolerance through anti-affinity.

Securing Kubernetes: Guarding Against Container Threats

August 16, 2023

• Kubernetes

Kubernetes has become the de facto platform for deploying containerized applications , revolutionizing software development. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and security is paramount in a Kubernetes environment. In this comprehensive blog post, we will delve into the critical security concerns in Kubernetes, covering the protection of the API server, implementing Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), fortifying with Network Policies, and mitigating container vulnerabilities. By the end, you’ll have actionable tips to build a robust Kubernetes fortress, protecting your applications and data from potential security risks.

K8s Cluster Performance: Resource Optimization Guide

August 15, 2023

• Kubernetes

Efficiently managing resources in a Kubernetes cluster is crucial to achieving peak performance and cost-effectiveness. Resource allocation, utilization, and handling resource-intensive applications demand careful consideration. In this comprehensive blog post, we will delve into best practices for resource management, exploring resource allocation techniques, monitoring, and optimizing resource-hungry applications. By the end, you’ll be armed with the knowledge to optimize your Kubernetes cluster for maximum productivity and resource efficiency. Understanding Resource Management in Kubernetes Resource management involves allocating CPU, memory, and other resources to applications running in a Kubernetes cluster.

K8s Scaling Mastery: Manual, HPA & Metrics APIs

August 14, 2023

• Kubernetes

Kubernetes has revolutionized application deployment by providing a scalable and efficient container orchestration platform. However, as your applications grow, you’ll encounter the challenge of efficiently scaling them to meet varying demands. In this in-depth blog post, we will explore the intricacies of scaling applications in Kubernetes , discussing manual scaling, Horizontal Pod Autoscalers (HPA), and harnessing the power of Kubernetes Metrics APIs. By the end, you’ll be equipped with the knowledge to elegantly scale your applications, ensuring they thrive under any workload.

K8s Storage Demystified: Persistent Volumes & Classes

August 13, 2023

• Kubernetes

Kubernetes has become the go-to platform for deploying scalable, containerized applications. However, managing persistent data in a dynamic container environment presents unique challenges. In this comprehensive blog post, we’ll delve into the world of Kubernetes persistent storage, exploring the various approaches like Persistent Volumes (PVs) and Storage Classes (SCs). We’ll also shed light on common issues such as data loss and performance bottlenecks, equipping you with the knowledge to ensure data integrity and optimal storage performance within your Kubernetes clusters.

K8s Networking: Pod Communication and Ingress Demystified

August 12, 2023

• Kubernetes

Kubernetes has revolutionized the way we deploy and manage containerized applications . However, with the increasing complexity of distributed systems, networking and communication between pods within a Kubernetes cluster can become a daunting challenge. In this blog post, we will delve into the common networking issues that arise in Kubernetes and explore effective solutions using Service Discovery and Ingress controllers. By the end, you’ll have a clearer understanding of how to ensure seamless communication between your pods, enabling your applications to thrive in the Kubernetes ecosystem.

React State Balancing: A Guide to State Management

August 11, 2023

• React , Javascript

As React apps grow, managing shared and app-wide state can become challenging. Dedicated state management libraries help tackle these complexities. Let’s compare popular options: Redux Redux uses a centralized store for state: // Store with root reducer const store = createStore(rootReducer); // Dispatch actions store.dispatch(addTodo(text)); // Selectors const todos = useSelector(state => state.todos); Redux enforces unidirectional data flow inspired by functional programming. MobX MobX uses observable variables that update reactively:

React + Node: Beginner's Guide to Full Stack Dev

August 10, 2023

• React , Javascript

React excels at building fast, dynamic frontends. Node.js shines for server-side APIs and microservices. Together, they make a powerful stack for full stack apps. Let’s walk through integrating React with Node.js: Serving React Builds Use Node.js middleware like Express to serve the React app: // server.js app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'client/build'))); app.get('*', (req, res) => { res.sendFile(path.join(__dirname, 'client/build', 'index.html)); }); This serves the React build from the /build folder. Proxying API Requests Proxy frontend requests to the backend API:

Optimal React Patterns: Beginner's Guide

August 9, 2023

• React , Javascript

As with any framework, React comes with its own set of best practices and optimal patterns. Let’s explore some tips for writing robust React code: Modular Components Break components into reusable, composable units: // Bad function App() { return ( <header> <nav> <logo> <links> </nav> <h1>Welcome!</h1> <footer> <copyright> </footer> </header> ); } // Good function Nav() { return ( <nav> <Logo /> <Links /> </nav> ); } function Header() { return ( <header> <Nav /> <h1>Welcome!

Debugging React Apps: Beginner's Guide

August 8, 2023

• React , Javascript

Bugs are inevitable in complex React applications. Thankfully, React provides great tools to squash bugs quickly. Let’s look at some key techniques for debugging React apps: React Developer Tools The React DevTools Chrome extension lets you inspect React component hierarchies, props, state and more in Chrome: DevTools: <App> <Navbar /> <Profile name="Jane" imageUrl="https://..." /> </App> This provides invaluable visibility into React apps. Error Boundaries Error boundaries catch errors and display fallbacks:

Advanced React Patterns: Compound Components & More

August 7, 2023

• React , Javascript

As React apps scale, you’ll want to structure components for greater reusability and composability. Here are some powerful React patterns: Compound Components The compound components pattern creates component APIs with shared context: // Parent exposes context through 'Box' component function Layout({children}) { return <Box>{children}</Box> } // Children access shared context via Box function Profile() { return ( <Layout> <Box p={2}> <h1>Jane Doe</h1> </Box> </Layout> ); } This provides more flexible APIs than just props.

React Animation Guide: Libraries and Techniques

August 6, 2023

• React , Javascript

Animation brings interfaces to life. Thankfully, React has great open source libraries for animation. Let’s compare some popular options: Framer Motion Framer Motion uses declarative props for animation: import { motion } from 'framer-motion'; const boxVariants = { hidden: { opacity: 0 }, visible: { opacity: 1 }, } function MyComponent() { return ( <motion.div initial="hidden" animate="visible" variants={boxVariants} /> ); } Framer Motion allows CSS, SVG, gesture, and physics animations.

Testing React Apps: Beginner's Guide to TDD

August 5, 2023

• React , Javascript

Testing is crucial for ensuring React apps are stable and bug-free. Popular tools like Jest and React Testing Library make testing React components simple. Let’s look at how to write great tests for React: render Component Render the component into a test environment using render from React Testing Library: import { render } from '@testing-library/react'; import Button from './Button'; test('displays button text', () => { const { getByText } = render(<Button>Click</Button>); expect(getByText('Click')).

Data Fetched Fast - A Beginner's Guide to React Query

August 4, 2023

• React , Javascript

Fetching data in React often means using stale state and complex caching logic. React Query simplifies data fetching with powerful features like automatic caching, deduplication, and background updates. Let’s explore some key features of React Query: Declarative Data Fetching Fetch data with the useQuery hook: import { useQuery } from 'react-query'; function MyComponent() { const { data, error, isLoading } = useQuery('posts', fetchPosts); // use data } useQuery handles declaring cache keys, performing fetches, and more.

Forms Simplified, A Beginner's Guide to Managing React Forms

August 3, 2023

• React , Javascript

Forms are a common need for many React apps. However, managing form state and validation can be tricky. Thankfully, React provides great libraries to simplify complex forms. Let’s explore some helpful tools: Formik for Form State Formik handles common form tasks: import { Formik } from 'formik'; const MyForm = () => ( <Formik initialValues={{ email: '' }} onSubmit={values => console.log(values)} > {formik => ( <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}> <input name="email" onChange={formik.handleChange} value={formik.

Optimizing React Performance: Beginner's Guide

August 2, 2023

• React , Javascript

As React apps grow, you may notice performance starting to lag - sluggish interactions, choppy animations, janky scrolling. Luckily, there are many great techniques to optimize React app performance. Let’s look at some top tips: Use React.memo for Component Memoization The React.memo API can memoize component outputs: const MyComponent = React.memo(function MyComponent(props) { /* only rerenders if props change */ }); This prevents unnecessary re-renders if props stay the same.

State Management 101 - A Beginner's Guide to React State

August 1, 2023

• React , Javascript

State management is a crucial concept in React. State allows components to dynamically update UI based on data changes. However, managing state properly takes some practice. Let’s walk through the basics of handling state in React: Creating State The useState hook defines state variables: import { useState } from 'react'; function Example() { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); } useState accepts the initial state value and returns: The current state A function to update it Reading State To display state in UI, simply reference the variable:

Accessible React Apps: Beginner's Guide to Accessibility

July 31, 2023

• React , Javascript

Accessibility is an important consideration when building modern web apps. React provides useful tools to make accessible, inclusive products. Let’s look at some best practices for web accessibility with React: Semantic HTML Use proper HTML semantics. For example: // Good <button>Save</button> // Avoid <div onclick="save">Save</div> Semantic HTML is parsed correctly by screen readers. alt Text Images should have alt text describing content/purpose: <img src="logo.png" alt="Company logo" /> Screen readers can’t interpret images.

Mystery Boxes - A Beginner's Guide to React Fragments

July 30, 2023

• React , Javascript

When returning multiple elements from a component’s render method, they must be wrapped in a single parent DOM node: // Needs a <div> wrapper return ( <div> <ChildA /> <ChildB /> </div> ); This extra wrapper <div> in the DOM is often unwanted. Enter React fragments - a way to group elements without adding extra nodes. Short Syntax The simplest fragment syntax is: return ( <> <ChildA /> <ChildB /> </> ); The <></> syntax declares a React fragment.

Unidirectional Data Flow in React: Beginner's Guide

July 29, 2023

• React , Javascript

A key advantage of React is its unidirectional data flow. This makes the flow of data predictable, and helps avoid unexpected side effects from data changing unexpectedly. But what exactly does “unidirectional data flow” mean in React? Let’s break it down: The Data Flows Down In React, parent components pass data to children via props: // Parent function Parent() { const [value, setValue] = useState('Hello'); return <Child value={value} />; } // Child function Child({value}) { return <h1>{value}</h1>; } The parent’s value state is passed down into the Child via a prop.

Event Handling in React: Beginner's Guide

July 28, 2023

• React , Javascript

Responding to user events is a crucial part of building interactive UIs. In React, you can pass event handlers as props to components to run code when events occur. Let’s look at how to listen and react to common events in React: Binding to Events Pass an event handler function to a component to subscribe to events: function Button({ onClick }) { return ( <button onClick={onClick}> Click Me </button> ); } function App() { const handleClick = () => { console.

Hooked on React - A Beginner's Guide to React Hooks

July 27, 2023

• React , Javascript

When React was first released, class components were the standard way to build complex UIs. However, classes can be cumbersome for some use cases. Enter React hooks - a way to use React features like state and lifecycle methods without classes. Hooks provide a more direct API for React concepts you already know. Let’s dive into some commonly used hooks: Managing State with useState The useState hook lets components use state without a class:

Lifting State in React: Beginner's Guide

July 26, 2023

• React , Javascript

As React apps grow in complexity, managing shared state between components can become tricky. Oftentimes, several child components may need to reflect the same data in the UI. The React solution is to lift the state up to a common ancestor component. The parent component can manage the state, and pass it down to the children via props. Let’s look at how to lift state for easier data sharing: The Problem with Local State Imagine we have a <Toolbox> component that contains some <Tool> components:

Looping in JSX with React Keys: Beginner's Guide

July 25, 2023

• React , Javascript

Looping over arrays to render lists of elements is a common need in React apps. However, there are some special considerations when rendering lists in JSX. One important aspect is the key prop. React uses keys to uniquely identify list elements and optimize performance. Let’s look at how to loop through arrays in JSX, and why keys are important: Rendering Arrays in JSX JSX makes looping straightforward - you can use JavaScript’s map() function directly:

Conditional Rendering in React

July 24, 2023

• React , Javascript

In React apps, you’ll often need to render different UI components conditionally based on certain state. For example, showing a login form if a user is not authenticated, or displaying different content based on configurable settings. Here are useful patterns for conditional rendering in React: If/Else Statements The standard JS if/else statement works in JSX too: function App() { const loggedIn = false; if (loggedIn) { return <WelcomeMessage />; } else { return <LoginForm />; } } This will render either the WelcomeMessage or LoginForm component based on the value of loggedIn.

Passing Data Between React Components with Props

July 23, 2023

• React , Javascript

One of React’s core concepts is reusability through composable components. Components allow splitting complex UI into separate, reusable pieces. However, for components to communicate, they need a way to pass data to each other. Enter props. Props allow passing data from a parent component to a child component. They are like function parameters, but for React components. Let’s look at a simple example: // Parent component const Parent = () => { return ( <Child color="blue" onClick={handleClick} /> ); } // Child component const Child = (props) => { return <div>{props.

Fostering DevOps Learning Culture: Lifelong Learning

July 22, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction In the fast-evolving world of technology, where advancements and innovations are a constant, staying ahead of the curve is paramount for any DevOps team. One of the most effective ways to achieve this is by fostering a continuous learning culture. Embracing a mindset of lifelong learning not only empowers individuals to enhance their skills and knowledge but also drives collective growth and innovation within the organization. In this blog post, we will explore the significance of building a continuous learning culture in DevOps, its impact on team performance, and practical strategies to implement and sustain such a culture.

DevOps' Role in AI: Enhancing Intelligent Systems

July 21, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction The world of technology is witnessing a remarkable fusion of two transformative disciplines: DevOps and Artificial Intelligence (AI). DevOps has revolutionized software development, emphasizing collaboration, automation, and continuous delivery, while AI has pushed the boundaries of what machines can achieve, enabling intelligent decision-making and automation. In this blog post, we will explore the symbiotic relationship between DevOps and AI, the challenges and opportunities it presents, and how organizations can leverage this powerful combination to unlock the full potential of intelligent systems.

DevOps and Microservices: Scalable, Agile Software Delivery

July 20, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction In the fast-paced world of software development, two crucial methodologies have emerged as game-changers for modern development teams: DevOps and Microservices. DevOps is a cultural and technical movement that emphasizes collaboration, automation, and continuous delivery, while Microservices is an architectural style that structures applications as a collection of loosely coupled, independently deployable services. Combining these methodologies can empower organizations to achieve scalable, agile, and efficient software delivery. In this blog post, we will explore the intersection of DevOps and Microservices, their synergies, and how they complement each other.

Nature-Inspired Problem Solving: Genetic Algorithms

July 19, 2023

• Python

Introduction Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and Evolutionary Computation (EC) are powerful optimization techniques inspired by the process of natural selection and evolution. These algorithms mimic the principles of genetics and survival of the fittest to find high-quality solutions to complex problems. In this blog post, we will dive into the world of Genetic Algorithms and Evolutionary Computation, exploring their underlying concepts and demonstrating how they can be implemented in Python to tackle a variety of real-world challenges.

Python Dynamic Programming: Mastering Optimization

July 18, 2023

• Python

Introduction Dynamic programming is a powerful algorithmic technique that allows developers to tackle complex problems efficiently. By breaking down these problems into smaller overlapping subproblems and storing their solutions, dynamic programming enables the creation of more adaptive and resource-efficient solutions. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore dynamic programming in-depth and learn how to apply it in Python to solve a variety of problems. 1. Understanding Dynamic Programming Dynamic programming is a method of solving problems by breaking them down into smaller, simpler subproblems and solving each subproblem only once.

Python Reflection & Metaprogramming: Advanced Power

July 17, 2023

• Python

Introduction Python is a versatile programming language that offers powerful features and capabilities. For advanced users, understanding and harnessing the potential of reflection and metaprogramming can open up a whole new world of possibilities. In this blog post, we’ll dive deep into the concepts of reflection and metaprogramming in Python, exploring their definitions, use cases, and implementation techniques. By mastering reflection and metaprogramming, you can build resilient, scalable, and highly adaptable applications.

Kubernetes ReplicaSets: Scalability & Fault Tolerance

July 16, 2023

• Kubernetes , Dev ops

Introduction In Kubernetes, ReplicaSets are a vital resource that enables scalable and fault-tolerant deployments of pods. They provide the ability to ensure a desired number of pod replicas are running at all times, allowing applications to handle increased traffic and recover from failures. In this blog post, we will delve into the world of ReplicaSets, exploring their functionalities, use cases, and best practices. By mastering ReplicaSets, you can build resilient and scalable deployments in Kubernetes.

Kubernetes Namespaces: Isolation & Resource Management

July 15, 2023

• Kubernetes , Dev ops

Introduction In Kubernetes, namespaces provide a powerful abstraction that allows you to partition and isolate resources within a cluster. In this blog post, we’ll explore Kubernetes namespaces in detail and discuss their importance in achieving effective resource management and isolation. By understanding namespaces and leveraging their capabilities, you can enhance the security, scalability, and manageability of your Kubernetes deployments . Let’s dive into the world of namespaces and unlock their potential!

K8s Cluster Resiliency: Advanced High Availability

July 14, 2023

• Kubernetes , Dev ops

Introduction In today’s technology landscape, ensuring the resiliency and high availability of Kubernetes clusters is crucial for maintaining the availability of applications and business continuity. In this blog post, we will explore advanced techniques and best practices for building cluster resiliency in Kubernetes. By implementing these strategies, you can ensure that your applications remain highly available, even in the face of failures or disruptions. Let’s dive into the world of cluster resiliency and learn how to build rock-solid, resilient clusters!

K8s Networking Mastery: Advanced Cluster Communication

July 13, 2023

• Kubernetes , Dev ops

Introduction Kubernetes has revolutionized container orchestration, enabling the efficient management of complex applications. As an advanced user, you’re likely already familiar with the basics of Kubernetes networking. In this blog post, we’ll dive deeper into advanced networking concepts, exploring techniques and best practices to optimize cluster communication, enhance security, and troubleshoot network-related issues. Get ready to level up your networking skills in Kubernetes! Network Models in Kubernetes In Kubernetes, network models play a crucial role in facilitating communication between pods.

Blue-Green Deployments in Kubernetes: Production & DR

July 12, 2023

• Kubernetes , Dev ops

Introduction In today’s fast-paced and highly competitive digital landscape, organizations strive to deliver seamless and uninterrupted services to their customers. To achieve this, a robust production strategy combined with a solid disaster recovery (DR) plan is crucial. In the realm of Kubernetes, one powerful technique for achieving these goals is the implementation of blue-green deployments. This blog post will explore the concept of blue-green deployments, their benefits, and how they can be effectively leveraged in Kubernetes environments to streamline production and disaster recovery strategies.

AWS Production-DR Failover: Advanced Strategies

July 11, 2023

• Aws

Introduction Implementing failover between a production (Prod) account and a disaster recovery (DR) account is a critical aspect of ensuring high availability and business continuity in AWS. While DNS-based failover is a common approach, advanced users can explore additional strategies that provide enhanced control, automation, and scalability for failover scenarios. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into advanced techniques that go beyond DNS, enabling advanced users to build robust failover architectures in AWS.

Python Context Managers Mastery: Resource Management

July 10, 2023

• Python

Introduction Python context managers provide a convenient and reliable way to manage resources and ensure proper setup and teardown actions. Whether dealing with file operations, database connections, or any resource that needs to be acquired and released, context managers offer a clean and concise approach. This comprehensive blog post will explore the concept of context managers in Python, starting from the fundamentals and gradually progressing to more advanced techniques. Understanding Context Managers The Context Management Protocol The Context Management Protocol defines the interface that objects must implement to be used as context managers.

Python Decorators Mastery: Advanced Usage Guide

July 9, 2023

• Python

Introduction Python decorators are a powerful feature that allows you to modify the behavior of functions or classes dynamically. Decorators provide a way to add functionality to existing code without modifying the original source. This blog post will delve into the concept of decorators in Python, starting from the basics and gradually progressing to more advanced techniques. Understanding Decorators Function Decorators Function decorators are a way to modify the behavior of a function by wrapping it inside another function.

Python's Yield Mastery: Advanced Usage Guide

July 8, 2023

• Python

Introduction Python’s yield statement is a powerful feature that allows you to create generator functions. Generators provide an efficient way to generate a sequence of values without storing them all in memory at once. This blog post will delve into the concept of yield in Python, starting from the basics and gradually progressing to more advanced techniques. Understanding the Basics Yield vs. Return In Python, the yield statement is used within a function to create a generator.

Python: Unleashing the Power of Simplicity and Versatility

July 7, 2023

• Python

Getting Started with Python Python is a versatile and popular programming language known for its simplicity and readability. It is widely used in various fields, including web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and automation. If you’re new to Python, this guide will help you get started with the basics and provide some code examples to illustrate key concepts. Installing Python To begin, you need to install Python on your computer. Python is available for multiple platforms, including Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Python's Advanced Features: Empowering Programmers

July 6, 2023

• Python

Introduction: In the vast realm of programming, Python stands tall as a language that caters to developers of all levels. Beyond its beginner-friendly syntax, Python harbors a treasure trove of advanced features that can elevate your coding prowess to new heights. In this blog post, we embark on an exhilarating journey to explore the depths of Python’s advanced features, unleashing their full potential. Brace yourself as we delve into the world of decorators, context managers, metaclasses, multiple inheritance, generators, coroutines, dynamic typing, duck typing, and functional programming tools.

Python's Yield: Unleashing Generator Magic

July 5, 2023

• Python

Introduction Python, being a versatile language, offers numerous tools and features to streamline our coding experience. One such powerful feature is the yield keyword. In this blog post, we will embark on an exciting journey to explore the hidden potential of Python’s yield statement and dive into the realm of generators. Buckle up and get ready to witness the magic unfold! Section 1: Understanding the Basics of Yield At its core, yield is used in Python to create generator functions.

GitOps Rising: Transforming DevOps for Streamlined Delivery

July 4, 2023

• Dev ops , Git

Introduction In today’s fast-paced digital landscape, where businesses strive to deliver high-quality software products with agility and efficiency, DevOps practices have become indispensable. DevOps aims to bridge the gap between software development and operations, enabling seamless collaboration, faster deployments, and improved overall software delivery. One of the most prominent trends revolutionizing the DevOps world is GitOps. In this blog post, we will explore the concept of GitOps, its benefits, and why it has gained significant traction in the industry.

Enhancing Security: How DevOps Mitigates Cyber Threats

July 3, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction In today’s digital landscape, where cyber threats are prevalent and evolving, organizations must adopt robust security measures to safeguard their sensitive data and systems. In this pursuit, DevOps practices have emerged as a powerful ally, enabling organizations to build secure and resilient software solutions. By integrating security into every stage of the software development lifecycle, DevOps plays a crucial role in preventing, detecting, and responding to cyber attacks. In this blog post, we will explore how DevOps helps organizations fend off hackers and enhance their overall security posture.

Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) in Modern Organizations

July 2, 2023

• Sre

Introduction In today’s fast-paced and technology-driven world, organizations heavily rely on digital services to deliver their products and serve their customers. With the increasing complexity of modern infrastructure and the need for high availability and reliability, Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) has emerged as a critical discipline. SRE combines software engineering principles with operations expertise to ensure the smooth functioning of complex systems. In this blog post, we will explore the importance of SRE in organizations and how it contributes to their success.

DevOps & DevSecOps: Bridging Dev-Security Gap

July 1, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction In today’s fast-paced digital landscape, where software development cycles are becoming increasingly rapid and security threats are ever-present, organizations are seeking effective ways to align development and security practices. Two prominent approaches that have gained significant attention are DevOps and DevSecOps . While these terms may sound similar, there are crucial distinctions between them. In this blog post, we will explore the differences between DevOps and DevSecOps , their goals, and how they contribute to efficient and secure software delivery.

Unleashing the Power: Lambda - A Killer Feature in AWS

June 30, 2023

• Aws

In the world of cloud computing, Amazon Web Services (AWS) has long been a dominant player, providing a comprehensive suite of services to meet the diverse needs of businesses. Among its vast array of offerings, one particular service stands out as a true game-changer: AWS Lambda. Lambda is a serverless computing platform that has revolutionized the way developers build and deploy applications. In this blog post, we’ll explore why Lambda is rightly hailed as a killer feature in AWS.

Python vs Java Performance: Programming Powerhouses

June 29, 2023

• Python , Java

In the vast landscape of programming languages, Python and Java have emerged as titans, offering robust solutions for a wide range of applications. When it comes to performance, developers often find themselves pondering which language reigns supreme. In this blog post, we will delve into the world of Python and Java, exploring their performance characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses, and ultimately helping you make an informed choice for your next project.

Teach me the Basics of Data Science in Python

June 28, 2023

• Python

An overview of Data Science in Python This is an overview of the basics of data science in Python. Data science involves extracting knowledge and insights from data using various techniques such as data cleaning, visualization, statistical analysis, and machine learning . Python is a popular programming language in the data science community due to its rich ecosystem of libraries and tools. Let’s go through the key components of data science in Python.

How to Share a VPC from one AWS Account to Another

June 27, 2023

• Aws

To share a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) from one AWS account to another, you can use the AWS Resource Access Manager (RAM) service. RAM allows you to securely share your AWS resources with other AWS accounts while maintaining control over the resource permissions. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to share a VPC from one AWS account to another: 1. Set up the necessary permissions In the account that owns the VPC (the sharing account), ensure that you have the required permissions to share the VPC.

[Solved] Set CloudWatch Logs role ARN in account settings

June 26, 2023

• Aws

The error message you mentioned, “CloudWatch Logs role ARN must be set in account settings to enable logging,” typically occurs when you’re trying to enable logging for an AWS service that requires a CloudWatch Logs role, but the necessary role hasn’t been set up or configured correctly in your account settings. To resolve this issue, you can follow these steps: Sign in to the AWS Management Console. Open the AWS CloudTrail console at https://console.

How to Create CloudFormation with Multiple Files

June 25, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To create a CloudFormation (CFN) stack with multiple files, you can follow these general steps: Organize your resources: Divide your resources into logical groups or services. For example, you might have separate files for networking, storage, compute, and so on. Create YAML or JSON templates: Create individual YAML or JSON templates for each group or service. Each template will define the resources specific to that group. For example, networking.yaml, storage.yaml, and compute.

Teach me Hashicorp Vault

June 24, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction to Hashicorp Vault HashiCorp Vault is a popular open-source tool designed for securely storing and managing secrets, such as API keys, passwords, certificates, and other sensitive information. It provides a centralized place to store secrets, access control mechanisms, and auditing capabilities. Vault ensures that only authorized applications and users can access the secrets they need, thus improving security in an organization. Concepts Here’s a high-level overview of the key concepts and components of HashiCorp Vault:

How to Generate Terraform using a Bash Shell script

June 23, 2023

• Terraform , Bash

To generate Terraform code using a Bash shell script, you can utilize Python within the script. Here’s an example of how you can achieve this: 1. Create a new Bash script file Open a text editor and create a new file, for example, generate_terraform.sh. 2. Add the shebang line Start the script with the shebang line to specify that it should be interpreted using Bash: #!/bin/bash 3. Install Required Libraries Since you’ll be using Python within the script, ensure that Python and pip are installed on your system.

How to Generate Terraform using Python

June 22, 2023

• Terraform , Python

To generate Terraform code using Python, you can utilize the power of the language and various libraries to dynamically create and manipulate the Terraform configuration files. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to get started: 1. Install Required Libraries Make sure you have Python installed on your system. Additionally, install the hclwriter library, which simplifies the process of generating HCL (HashiCorp Configuration Language) code, the language used by Terraform. You can install it using pip:

Make EKS cluster private with NodeGroup access

June 21, 2023

• Eks , Aws , Terraform , Cloud formation

The Theory To make an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) cluster private and allow nodes to join through a node group, you need to follow a few steps. By default, EKS creates a public cluster, but you can configure it to make it private for enhanced security. Here’s an overview of the process: Create a VPC: Start by creating a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in your AWS account if you haven’t already.

Which is the best language to use in DevOps

June 20, 2023

• Dev ops

In DevOps, there isn’t a single “best” language that universally applies to all situations. The choice of programming language depends on various factors, including the specific requirements of your project, existing infrastructure, team’s expertise, and the ecosystem surrounding the tools and technologies you plan to use. However, here are some commonly used languages in different areas of DevOps: Automation and Configuration Management Ansible: Ansible uses a declarative YAML syntax for defining configurations and automation tasks.

How is Ansible different from Chef or Puppet

June 19, 2023

• Ansible , Chef , Puppet

Ansible, Chef, and Puppet are all popular configuration management and automation tools, but they differ in their approach and architecture. Here’s a comparison of Ansible with Chef and Puppet: Architecture Ansible: Ansible follows a simple agentless architecture. It uses SSH or WinRM to connect to managed nodes and executes tasks remotely without the need for installing any agent software on the nodes. Chef: Chef uses a client-server architecture. It requires a Chef client agent to be installed on each managed node, which communicates with a central Chef server.

Teach me the basics of Ansible

June 18, 2023

• Ansible

Ansible is an open-source automation tool that allows you to manage and configure computer systems. It uses a declarative language called YAML (Yet Another Markup Language) for defining configurations and tasks. Ansible follows a client-server architecture, where the controlling machine (the Ansible server) manages and communicates with the target machines (managed nodes) over SSH. The basics of Ansible Inventory An inventory file in Ansible contains a list of target hosts (managed nodes) on which Ansible performs operations.

How do you create an EKS cluster using CloudFormation

June 17, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

The steps to achieve this To create an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) cluster using CloudFormation, you can follow these steps: Create a CloudFormation template: Start by creating a CloudFormation template in YAML or JSON format. This template will define the resources required for your EKS cluster, including the cluster itself, worker nodes, and other necessary components. Define the EKS cluster resource: Within your CloudFormation template, define an AWS::EKS::Cluster resource. Specify the desired configuration for your EKS cluster, such as the version, name, and role-based access control (RBAC) configuration.

How to connect an API Gateway to Inline Lambda in Terraform

June 16, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

To connect an API Gateway to an inline Lambda function using Terraform, you can follow these steps: Define your API Gateway and Lambda function resources in your Terraform configuration. Here’s an example: resource "aws_api_gateway_rest_api" "my_api_gateway" { name = "MyApiGateway" } resource "aws_api_gateway_resource" "my_api_gateway_resource" { rest_api_id = aws_api_gateway_rest_api.my_api_gateway.id parent_id = aws_api_gateway_rest_api.my_api_gateway.root_resource_id path_part = "myresource" } resource "aws_api_gateway_method" "my_api_gateway_method" { rest_api_id = aws_api_gateway_rest_api.my_api_gateway.id resource_id = aws_api_gateway_resource.my_api_gateway_resource.id http_method = "GET" authorization = "NONE" integration { type = "AWS_PROXY" http_method = "POST" uri = "arn:aws:apigateway:${var.

API Gateway to Inline Lambda in CloudFormation

June 15, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To connect an API Gateway to an inline Lambda function using CloudFormation, you can follow these steps: Define your API Gateway and Lambda function resources in your CloudFormation template. Here’s an example: Resources: MyApiGateway: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::RestApi Properties: Name: MyApiGateway MyApiGatewayResource: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::Resource Properties: RestApiId: !Ref MyApiGateway ParentId: !GetAtt MyApiGateway.RootResourceId PathPart: myresource MyApiGatewayMethod: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::Method Properties: RestApiId: !Ref MyApiGateway ResourceId: !Ref MyApiGatewayResource HttpMethod: GET AuthorizationType: NONE Integration: Type: AWS_PROXY IntegrationHttpMethod: POST Uri: !

How to connect an API Gateway to Lambda in CloudFormation

June 14, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To connect an API Gateway to a Lambda function using CloudFormation, you can follow these steps: Define your API Gateway and Lambda function resources in your CloudFormation template. Here’s an example: Resources: MyLambdaFunction: Type: AWS::Lambda::Function Properties: FunctionName: MyLambdaFunction Runtime: python3.8 Handler: index.handler Code: S3Bucket: my-lambda-code-bucket S3Key: lambda-code.zip MyApiGateway: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::RestApi Properties: Name: MyApiGateway Create a resource of type AWS::ApiGateway::Resource to define the resource path for your API Gateway: MyApiGatewayResource: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::Resource Properties: RestApiId: !

Create DynamoDB Table & Add Items using Python 3 from Lambda

June 13, 2023

• Python , Aws

To create a DynamoDB table and add items to it using Python 3 from AWS Lambda, you can use the AWS SDK for Python, also known as Boto3. Here’s a step-by-step guide: Set up your AWS environment: Install Boto3 by running pip install boto3 in your local development environment. Set up your AWS credentials and configure your AWS CLI or environment variables. You can find detailed instructions in the AWS documentation.

How to create a Site-to-Site VPN in Boto3 Python

June 12, 2023

• Python , Aws

To create a site-to-site VPN using the Boto3 library in Python, you can utilize the boto3.client('ec2') client to interact with the AWS EC2 service. Here’s an example code snippet to create a site-to-site VPN: import boto3 ec2_client = boto3.client('ec2') # Create VPN Gateway vpn_gateway_response = ec2_client.create_vpn_gateway(Type='ipsec.1', TagSpecifications=[{ 'ResourceType': 'vpn-gateway', 'Tags': [{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': 'SiteToSiteVPN'}] }]) vpn_gateway_id = vpn_gateway_response['VpnGateway']['VpnGatewayId'] # Create VPN Connection vpn_connection_response = ec2_client.create_vpn_connection( Type='ipsec.1', CustomerGatewayId='<CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_ID>', VpnGatewayId=vpn_gateway_id, Options={ 'StaticRoutesOnly': True }, TagSpecifications=[{ 'ResourceType': 'vpn-connection', 'Tags': [{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': 'SiteToSiteVPNConnection'}] }] ) vpn_connection_id = vpn_connection_response['VpnConnection']['VpnConnectionId'] # Create VPN Connection Route ec2_client.

How to create a Site-to-Site VPN in Terraform

June 11, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

To create a site-to-site VPN using Terraform, you can use the aws_vpn_gateway and aws_vpn_connection resources from the AWS provider. Here’s an example Terraform configuration to create a site-to-site VPN: resource "aws_vpn_gateway" "vpn_gateway" { vpc_id = "<VPC_ID>" tags = { Name = "SiteToSiteVPN" } } resource "aws_vpn_connection" "vpn_connection" { customer_gateway_id = "<CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_ID>" vpn_gateway_id = aws_vpn_gateway.vpn_gateway.id type = "ipsec.1" static_routes_only = true tags = { Name = "SiteToSiteVPNConnection" } } resource "aws_vpn_connection_route" "vpn_connection_route" { destination_cidr_block = "<DESTINATION_CIDR_BLOCK>" vpn_connection_id = aws_vpn_connection.

How to create a Site-to-Site VPN in CloudFormation

June 10, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To create a site-to-site VPN (Virtual Private Network) using AWS CloudFormation, you can use the AWS::EC2::VPNGateway and AWS::EC2::VPNConnection resources. Here’s an example CloudFormation template to create a site-to-site VPN: AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09' Resources: VpnGateway: Type: AWS::EC2::VPNGateway Properties: Type: ipsec.1 Tags: - Key: Name Value: SiteToSiteVPN VpnConnection: Type: AWS::EC2::VPNConnection Properties: Type: ipsec.1 CustomerGatewayId: <CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_ID> VpnGatewayId: !Ref VpnGateway StaticRoutesOnly: true Tags: - Key: Name Value: SiteToSiteVPNConnection VpnConnectionRoute: Type: AWS::EC2::VPNConnectionRoute Properties: DestinationCidrBlock: <DESTINATION_CIDR_BLOCK> VpnConnectionId: !

How to AWS sts assume role in one command - without jq

June 9, 2023

• CLI , Aws

The issue - what it takes to assume a role To assume an AWS role in the CLI, you will have to do something like this: aws sts assume-role --role-arn arn:aws:iam::123456789123:role/myAwesomeRole --role-session-name test --region eu-central-1 This will give you the following output: { "Credentials": { "AccessKeyId": "someAccessKeyId", "SecretAccessKey": "someSecretAccessKey", "SessionToken": "someSessionToken", "Expiration": "20203-01-02T06:52:13+00:00" }, "AssumedRoleUser": { "AssumedRoleId": "idOfTheAssummedRole", "Arn": "theARNOfTheRoleIWantToAssume" } } But then you will have to manually copy and paste the values of AccessKeyId, SecretAccessKey and SessionToken in a bunch of exports like this:

How to create a Lambda in CloudFormation

June 7, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

You can create a Lambda in CloudFormation as follows: Option 1 - Inline code Resources: MyLambdaFunction: Type: AWS::Lambda::Function Properties: FunctionName: MyLambdaFunction Runtime: python3.8 Handler: index.lambda_handler Code: ZipFile: | import json def lambda_handler(event, context): # Your Lambda function code here return { 'statusCode': 200, 'body': json.dumps('Hello from Lambda!') } Role: !GetAtt MyLambdaExecutionRole.Arn In this example, instead of specifying the S3Bucket and S3Key properties under the Code section, you use the ZipFile property to provide the actual code as a multiline string.

How to create a Lambda in Terraform

June 7, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

To create an AWS Lambda function using Terraform, you need to define the necessary resources in a Terraform configuration file. Here’s an example of how you can create a Lambda function using Terraform: Option 1 - Seperate Lambda Source Create a new directory for your Terraform configuration and navigate to it in your terminal. Create a new file with a .tf extension, such as lambda.tf, and open it in a text editor.

How to create a Bastion server in Terraform

June 6, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

To create a Bastion server using Terraform, you need to define the necessary resources in a Terraform configuration file. Here’s an example of how you can create a Bastion server using Terraform: # Define the security group resource "aws_security_group" "bastion_sg" { name = "bastion-security-group" description = "Bastion Security Group" ingress { from_port = 22 to_port = 22 protocol = "tcp" cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"] } vpc_id = "your-vpc-id" } # Define the Bastion instance resource "aws_instance" "bastion_instance" { ami = "your-ami-id" instance_type = "t2.

How to create a Bastion server in CloudFormation

June 5, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To create a Bastion server using AWS CloudFormation, you need to define the necessary resources in a CloudFormation template. Here’s an example of how you can create a Bastion server using CloudFormation: AWSTemplateFormatVersion: "2010-09-09" Resources: BastionSecurityGroup: Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup Properties: GroupDescription: Bastion Security Group SecurityGroupIngress: - IpProtocol: tcp FromPort: 22 ToPort: 22 CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0 VpcId: "your-vpc-id" BastionInstance: Type: AWS::EC2::Instance Properties: ImageId: "your-ami-id" InstanceType: "t2.micro" # Update with the desired instance type SecurityGroupIds: - !

How to you create a Cross Account Role in Terraform

June 4, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

To create a cross-account role in Terraform, you need to perform the following steps: 1. Define the IAM role Define the IAM role in the Terraform configuration resource "aws_iam_role" "cross_account_role" { name = "CrossAccountRole" assume_role_policy = <<EOF { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::<ACCOUNT_ID>:root" }, "Action": "sts:AssumeRole" } ] } EOF } In the assume_role_policy section, replace <ACCOUNT_ID> with the AWS account ID of the target account that will assume this role.

How to you create a Cross Account Role in CloudFormation

June 3, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To create a cross-account role in CloudFormation, you can follow these steps: 1. Create a CloudFormation template Create a new CloudFormation template in YAML or JSON format. This template will define the resources, including the cross-account role, that you want to create. 2. Define the cross-account role Within your CloudFormation template, define the cross-account role using the AWS::IAM::Role resource type. Specify the necessary properties such as RoleName, AssumeRolePolicyDocument, and ManagedPolicyArns.

How to create Public and Private Subnets in CloudFormation

June 2, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To create public and private subnets in AWS CloudFormation, you can use the AWS CloudFormation Template Language (CFT) to define your network configuration. Here’s an example CloudFormation template that demonstrates how to create public and private subnets within a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in AWS: Resources: MyVPC: Type: AWS::EC2::VPC Properties: CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/16 Tags: - Key: Name Value: my-vpc PublicSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !Ref MyVPC CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/24 AvailabilityZone: us-west-2a Tags: - Key: Name Value: public-subnet PrivateSubnet: Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet Properties: VpcId: !

How to create Public and Private Subnets in Terraform

June 1, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

To create public and private subnets in Terraform, you can use the AWS provider to define your network configuration. Here’s an example configuration that demonstrates how to create public and private subnets within a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in AWS: # Define your AWS provider configuration provider "aws" { region = "us-west-2" # Update with your desired region } # Create the VPC resource "aws_vpc" "my_vpc" { cidr_block = "10.0.0.0/16" # Update with your desired VPC CIDR block tags = { Name = "my-vpc" } } # Create the public subnet resource "aws_subnet" "public_subnet" { vpc_id = aws_vpc.

Create Internet Gateway & Assign to EC2 in CloudFormation

May 31, 2023

• Cloud formation , Aws

To create an Internet Gateway and associate it with an EC2 instance using AWS CloudFormation, you can follow these steps: Step 1: Create a CloudFormation template Create a new YAML or JSON file with a .yaml or .json extension (e.g., template.yaml), and add the following contents: AWSTemplateFormatVersion: "2010-09-09" Resources: MyVPC: Type: AWS::EC2::VPC Properties: CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/16 # Replace with your desired VPC CIDR block MyInternetGateway: Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway MyVPCGatewayAttachment: Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment Properties: VpcId: !

Create Internet Gateway & Assign to EC2 in Terraform

May 30, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

To create an Internet gateway and assign it to an EC2 instance using Terraform, you can follow these steps: Step 1: Set up your Terraform environment Install Terraform: Download and install Terraform from the official website (https://www.terraform.io/downloads.html ) based on your operating system. Configure AWS credentials: Set up your AWS access key and secret access key as environment variables or use an AWS profile configured on your system. Step 2: Create a Terraform configuration file Create a new file with a .

How to configure Terraform to use Local Providers from Nexus

May 29, 2023

• Terraform , Nexus , Aws

If your organization has blocked registry.terraform.io and has instead downloaded the provider binaries to Nexus, then you can do the following to still make your Terraform execute correctly. Step 1 - Download the Required Providers In our example, we need the following providers: AWS Archive These commands below are running directly from the pipeline that executes the Terraform: # Download the providers from the Nexus repository - curl -u ${Nexus_REPO_USER}:${Nexus_REPO_PASS} -o terraform-provider-aws4.

[Solved] Fargate Can't Read Secrets from Secret Manager

May 28, 2023

• Aws

If you’re running a Fargate task and it’s not able to read secrets from AWS Secret Manager, there are a few things you can check: Verify that the Fargate task has the correct IAM permissions to access the secret. You need to grant the task the secretsmanager:GetSecretValue permission for the specific secret that it needs to access. You can do this by adding the necessary permission to the task execution role, or by creating a separate IAM role and attaching it to the task.

Golang vs Python: The Ultimate Battle in DevOps

May 27, 2023

• Dev ops , Python , Go

In the world of DevOps, two programming languages are often pitted against each other: Golang and Python. Both languages have their own strengths and weaknesses, and choosing the right one for your DevOps needs can be a tough decision. In this blog post, we will take a closer look at Golang and Python, and compare their capabilities in the DevOps landscape. Golang Golang is a language that has gained immense popularity in recent years, especially in the field of DevOps.

Why DevOps and Python are Amazing Together

May 26, 2023

• Dev ops , Python

In today’s software development world, DevOps and Python are two of the most essential elements for building high-quality software. DevOps has transformed the way software is developed, tested, and deployed, while Python has become a popular programming language for automation and scripting. The combination of DevOps and Python is particularly powerful because it provides developers with the necessary tools to automate, test, and deploy software efficiently. Here are some of the reasons why DevOps and Python are such a great match:

Python & DevOps: Transforming Software Development

May 25, 2023

• Dev ops , Python

Introduction: In recent years, the software industry has witnessed a remarkable shift towards DevOps and Python. DevOps has become a vital part of software development, and Python is now one of the most popular programming languages used by developers. In this blog post, we’ll explore why DevOps and Python are so amazing together, and how they can help revolutionize software development. DevOps: A Game Changer in Software Development DevOps is a software development methodology that aims to bridge the gap between development and operations teams.

DevOps: The Ultimate Secret Weapon for High-Tech Success

May 24, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps has been a buzzword in the tech industry for some time now. While some companies have embraced the DevOps methodology, others are still lagging behind. If you’re wondering what all the hype is about and why DevOps is so amazing, then read on! Here are ten reasons why DevOps is the ultimate secret weapon for high-tech success. 1. Improved Collaboration and Communication Improved collaboration and communication are critical benefits of DevOps that can have a significant impact on the success of software development projects.

How to Deploy a Java Application in AWS ECS using Terraform

May 23, 2023

• Terraform , Aws , Docker

In order to deploy a Java application into AWS ECS (Elastic Container Service) using Terraform, we need to consider a few different things. Step 1 - Java Application Create a file called HelloWorld.java and add the following code to it: public class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello, World!"); } } We now need to build our class as follows: javac HelloWorld.java Once this is done, we can package our application into a jar file:

How to set the Hostname on a Linux server with Terraform

May 22, 2023

• Linux , Terraform

If you need to set the hostname on a linux server, and you are using Terraform, then you can do the following: Include the provisioner block and set it to remote-exec: provisioner "remote-exec" { inline = ["sudo hostnamectl set-hostname friendly.example.com"] }

What are the different types of AWS API Gateway Protocols?

May 21, 2023

• Aws

Amazon API Gateway supports various protocols for exposing APIs, including: 1. RESTful API This is the most common and widely used protocol for web APIs. Amazon API Gateway allows you to create and manage RESTful APIs, where you define API resources, methods (such as GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.), and HTTP request and response mappings using API Gateway’s REST API model. Primary use-cases include Building traditional web APIs with standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.

IaC: A Guide to Modern Software Development

May 20, 2023

• Dev ops , Ia c

In the world of software development, efficiency, scalability, and repeatability are paramount. Enter Infrastructure as Code (IaC), a revolutionary approach to managing infrastructure in the cloud era. In this definitive guide, we will dive deep into the concept of IaC, explore its benefits, best practices, and how it is reshaping the way modern software is built and deployed. Join us on this journey as we unlock the power of IaC and uncover its secrets to successful software development.

DevOps and Microservices: How They Complement Each Other

May 19, 2023

• Dev ops , Microservices

In today’s fast-paced world of software development, DevOps and microservices have emerged as two powerful methodologies that enable organizations to build and deploy applications with speed, agility, and reliability. While DevOps and microservices are distinct concepts, they often go hand in hand, complementing each other to create a seamless and efficient software development and deployment process. In this blog post, we will explore how DevOps and microservices fit together and how organizations can leverage them to accelerate their software delivery pipelines and achieve business success.

IaC Unlock: Maximize Potential with Ansible

May 18, 2023

• Dev ops , Ia c , Ansible

In today’s fast-paced world of software development and IT operations, the need for efficient and scalable infrastructure management has become more critical than ever. Enter Infrastructure as Code (IaC), a game-changing approach that allows organizations to automate their infrastructure provisioning and management, making it more agile, scalable, and reliable. And when it comes to IaC, Ansible stands out as a top choice for many IT teams due to its simplicity, versatility, and robustness.

GitOps: Managing Infrastructure as Code with Git

May 17, 2023

• Dev ops , Ia c

Introduction In today’s fast-paced world of software development and operations, managing infrastructure efficiently and securely is crucial for organizations to deliver reliable and scalable applications. Traditional methods of managing infrastructure can be time-consuming, error-prone, and lack visibility, making it challenging to keep up with the demands of modern software development practices. However, with the emergence of GitOps, organizations now have a powerful and efficient way to manage infrastructure as code, leveraging the familiar and widely adopted Git version control system.

DevOps Synergy: Boosting Cybersecurity

May 16, 2023

• Dev ops

As organizations increasingly rely on technology to power their operations, the need for robust cybersecurity measures becomes more critical than ever. Cyber threats are constantly evolving, and traditional security approaches are no longer sufficient to protect against sophisticated attacks. This is where DevOps, a collaborative approach to software development and operations, can play a significant role in enhancing cybersecurity defenses. In this blog post, we will explore the powerful synergy between DevOps and cybersecurity, and how organizations can leverage this approach to strengthen their security posture.

The Role of DevOps in Blockchain

May 15, 2023

• Dev ops

Blockchain technology is gaining traction across various industries for its ability to provide transparency, security, and immutability. However, implementing blockchain solutions requires a robust and efficient software development process, which is where DevOps comes in. In this blog post, we will explore the role of DevOps in blockchain development and how it can help organizations deploy blockchain solutions seamlessly. What is DevOps? DevOps is a software development methodology that emphasizes collaboration, automation, and continuous delivery to ensure faster and more reliable software delivery.

The Importance of Testing in DevOps: Strategies and Tools

May 14, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction In today’s fast-paced digital world, software development has become an essential part of business operations. With the adoption of DevOps practices, organizations can build and deploy software applications more efficiently and effectively. However, with faster release cycles, it becomes increasingly important to ensure that software is thoroughly tested before release. In this blog post, we will explore the importance of testing in DevOps, strategies for successful testing, and tools that can help streamline the testing process.

DevOps Impact on Customer Experience

May 13, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps has revolutionized the way organizations develop, deploy, and manage software applications. It has brought about a cultural shift that emphasizes collaboration, automation, and continuous improvement. While DevOps has many benefits for software development teams, it also has a significant impact on customer experience and business success. In this blog post, we will explore how DevOps can improve customer experience and lead to business success. Key Points Faster Time-to-Market One of the key benefits of DevOps is that it enables teams to release software faster and more frequently.

Building a DevOps Culture from the Ground Up

May 12, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps has become a crucial aspect of software development, enabling teams to deliver software more efficiently and with higher quality. However, implementing DevOps is not just a matter of adopting tools and processes; it requires a cultural shift in the organization. In this blog post, we will explore the steps organizations can take to build a DevOps culture from the ground up. 1. Define the vision and goals The first step in building a DevOps culture is to establish a clear vision and goals.

Scaling DevOps for Enterprise Organizations

May 11, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction DevOps has become a popular approach for software development in recent years, enabling teams to collaborate more effectively, increase efficiency, and deliver high-quality software faster. However, scaling DevOps for enterprise organizations can be challenging due to the size and complexity of their operations. In this blog post, we will explore the key considerations for scaling DevOps in an enterprise context and provide practical tips for success. 1. Establish a Clear Vision and Strategy Before scaling DevOps, it’s crucial to establish a clear vision and strategy that aligns with the organization’s business objectives.

The Benefits of Infrastructure as Code in DevOps

May 10, 2023

• Dev ops , Ia c

Introduction The increasing complexity of software systems requires a flexible, scalable, and reliable infrastructure. This is where infrastructure as code (IaC) comes in, providing a way to automate the management of infrastructure through code. In DevOps, IaC is a critical component that helps teams achieve continuous delivery and deployment, reduce errors, improve collaboration and communication, and ensure consistency and repeatability. In this blog post, we will explore the benefits of infrastructure as code in DevOps.

DevOps for Legacy Systems: Challenges and Solutions

May 9, 2023

• Dev ops

As organizations continue to evolve and embrace digital transformation, they often encounter legacy systems that are critical to their business operations. These systems may be outdated and require modernization, but they still need to be maintained and supported in the meantime. This is where DevOps for legacy systems comes in, offering new opportunities for agility, innovation, and efficiency. In this blog post, we will explore the challenges and solutions for implementing DevOps practices for legacy systems.

DevOps Risk Management: Security & Compliance

May 8, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps has transformed software development, enabling teams to build, test, and deploy applications faster and more efficiently. However, the speed and agility of DevOps also bring new risks, particularly in the areas of security and compliance. To mitigate these risks, DevOps teams need to adopt strategies that incorporate security and compliance into the development process from the start. In this blog post, we will discuss some of the key strategies for managing risk in DevOps.

Why DevOps is Critical for Digital Transformation

May 7, 2023

• Dev ops

Digital transformation is the process of adopting and implementing digital technologies to improve business operations, increase efficiency, and enhance customer experience. The adoption of digital technologies has become essential for businesses to remain competitive in today’s fast-paced environment. However, implementing digital transformation is not just about technology, it requires a significant cultural shift in the organization. One of the key elements of digital transformation is the implementation of DevOps. In this blog post, we will explore why DevOps is critical for digital transformation.

The Role of Microservices in DevOps

May 6, 2023

• Dev ops , Microservices

In recent years, microservices have become a popular architectural style for building software applications. Microservices are small, independent services that work together to form a larger application. Each microservice is responsible for a specific task, and they communicate with each other through well-defined APIs. This approach offers many benefits, including scalability, resilience, and flexibility. In this blog post, we’ll explore the role of microservices in DevOps and how they contribute to a successful software development process.

Achieving Continuous Delivery with DevOps and Automation

May 5, 2023

• Dev ops , Cicd , Automation

Continuous delivery is a DevOps practice that aims to automate the entire software delivery process, from code commit to production deployment. With continuous delivery, teams can deliver software faster and with greater reliability. By automating many of the manual steps involved in software delivery, teams can reduce the risk of errors and increase the speed of deployment. To achieve continuous delivery, DevOps teams must prioritize automation. Here are some best practices for achieving continuous delivery with DevOps and automation:

The Importance of Collaboration in DevOps Culture

May 4, 2023

• Dev ops

Collaboration is a key aspect of DevOps culture, and it plays a crucial role in driving success and delivering value to customers. In today’s fast-paced business environment, DevOps teams need to work together seamlessly to ensure that applications are developed and deployed quickly and efficiently, while maintaining high quality and security standards. In this blog post, we will discuss the importance of collaboration in DevOps culture and how it can lead to better outcomes for organizations.

Cloud-Native: Key to DevOps Success

May 3, 2023

• Dev ops

In recent years, cloud-native architecture has become a buzzword in the world of DevOps. But what exactly does it mean, and why is it so important for DevOps success? In this blog post, we’ll explore the concept of cloud-native architecture and why it’s essential for DevOps teams to embrace it. What is Cloud-Native Architecture? Cloud-native architecture is an approach to building and running applications that takes advantage of the scalability and flexibility of cloud computing.

10 Best Practices for Continuous Integration in DevOps

May 2, 2023

• Dev ops , Cicd

Continuous Integration (CI) is an essential part of modern software development and is integral to the DevOps methodology. CI ensures that every code change made by developers is integrated and tested with the existing codebase, allowing teams to catch and fix issues early in the development cycle. In this blog post, we’ll explore the best practices for implementing Continuous Integration in DevOps. 1. Automate the build process Automating the build process in CI involves using tools and scripts to build, package, and deploy software artifacts.

DevOps vs. Agile: What's the Difference and Why it Matters

May 1, 2023

• Dev ops

Introduction In the world of software development, there are two methodologies that are often mentioned: Agile and DevOps. While they share some similarities, they are distinct and have different goals. In this blog post, we’ll explore the differences between Agile and DevOps, why they matter, and how they can work together. What is Agile? Agile is a software development methodology that emphasizes collaboration, flexibility, and responsiveness. It was first introduced in 2001 with the publication of the Agile Manifesto, which outlined a set of guiding principles for software development.

The Future of DevOps: Emerging Trends and Technologies

April 30, 2023

• Dev ops

In recent years, DevOps has emerged as a key practice for modern software development, helping organizations to achieve faster delivery of high-quality applications. However, as the technology landscape continues to evolve, DevOps itself is undergoing significant changes to keep pace with emerging trends and technologies. In this blog post, we will explore the future of DevOps and the emerging trends and technologies that are shaping its evolution. Serverless computing Serverless computing is an approach to cloud computing that allows developers to write and run code without having to manage the underlying infrastructure.

Building Resilient Microservices with Istio and Envoy

April 29, 2023

• Istio , Envoy

As microservices architecture continues to grow in popularity, it’s becoming increasingly important to ensure that these distributed systems are reliable and resilient. Istio and Envoy are two tools that have emerged to help with this challenge. In this blog post, we’ll explore how Istio and Envoy can be used to build resilient microservices. Introduction to Istio and Envoy Istio is an open-source service mesh that provides a unified way to connect, manage, and secure microservices.

5 Key Metrics to Measure DevOps Success

April 27, 2023

• Dev ops

As DevOps continues to gain popularity and adoption, it is important for organizations to measure the success of their DevOps initiatives. While DevOps is about culture and collaboration, it is also about delivering value to customers quickly and reliably. In this blog post, we will discuss five key metrics that organizations can use to measure the success of their DevOps initiatives. 1. Lead Time for Changes Lead time for changes is the amount of time it takes for a change to be implemented, from the moment it is requested to the moment it is deployed.

The Importance of Infrastructure as Code in DevOps

April 26, 2023

• Dev ops , Ia c

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is a methodology that involves managing and provisioning infrastructure through code rather than manually configuring hardware and software components. This approach is essential in DevOps because it enables teams to manage infrastructure at scale, improve collaboration, and reduce errors. In this blog post, we will explore the importance of IaC in DevOps and why it is critical for modern software development. 1. Consistency and Reproducibility Manual infrastructure configuration is prone to errors and can be challenging to reproduce consistently.

How to Build a Successful DevOps Toolchain

April 24, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps toolchains are essential for streamlining software delivery and ensuring that teams can work efficiently and collaboratively. However, building a successful DevOps toolchain requires careful planning, coordination, and evaluation. In this blog post, we will explore some strategies for building a successful DevOps toolchain that can help teams deliver software faster and more reliably. 1. Define the requirements The first step in building a successful DevOps toolchain is defining the requirements.

Scaling DevOps: Strategies for Managing Large Teams

April 24, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps has revolutionized software development and delivery, enabling teams to work collaboratively, automate processes, and deliver software faster and more reliably. However, as organizations grow and teams become larger, managing DevOps at scale becomes more challenging. In this blog post, we will explore some strategies for managing large DevOps teams and ensuring successful software delivery. 1. Embrace modular architecture Modular architecture is a critical aspect of scaling DevOps. By breaking down applications into smaller, more manageable components, teams can work independently, reducing dependencies and improving agility.

Why DevOps Culture is Critical for Business Success

April 23, 2023

• Dev ops

The DevOps movement has been gaining momentum in recent years as organizations realize the benefits of breaking down silos between development and operations teams. DevOps is not just a set of tools and practices; it’s a culture that emphasizes collaboration, communication, and continuous improvement. In this blog post, we will explore why DevOps culture is critical for business success. 1. Speed and agility In today’s fast-paced business environment, organizations need to deliver software quickly and adapt to changing customer demands.

The Ultimate Guide to Kubernetes Deployment Strategies

April 22, 2023

• Kubernetes

Kubernetes has become a popular choice for container orchestration, providing developers with a powerful platform for deploying, scaling, and managing containerized applications. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and choosing the right deployment strategy is essential for ensuring application availability, scalability, and performance. In this post, we will cover the ultimate guide to Kubernetes deployment strategies, including their benefits, drawbacks, and best practices. 1. Rolling updates Rolling updates are the most common deployment strategy in Kubernetes, allowing you to update a running application without downtime.

10 Best Practices for Container Security in DevOps

April 21, 2023

• Dev ops , Containers

Containers have become a critical component of modern software development practices. They provide a lightweight, portable, and scalable way to package and deploy software applications. However, containers also introduce new security challenges, such as vulnerabilities in container images, insecure configurations, and compromised host environments. In this post, we will outline 10 best practices for container security in DevOps to help you mitigate these risks. 1. Use trusted base images When building container images, it’s essential to use trusted base images from reputable sources.

How to Implement CI/CD Pipelines with Jenkins

April 20, 2023

• Cicd , Jenkins

Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines are critical components of modern software development practices. They enable development teams to deliver high-quality software quickly and reliably by automating the build, test, and deployment process. Jenkins is a popular open-source automation tool that can help you implement CI/CD pipelines easily. In this post, we will guide you through the process of setting up a basic CI/CD pipeline with Jenkins. Step 1: Install Jenkins The first step is to install Jenkins on your system.

[Solved] AWS Error: TooManyBuckets - Bucket Limit Exceeded

April 19, 2023

• Aws

If you get the following error: │ Error: creating Amazon S3 (Simple Storage) Bucket (<your-bucket-name): TooManyBuckets: You have attempted to create more buckets than allowed │ status code: 400, request id: 0P1TV2VCEDKGFQNY, host id: gc9di71ONabECoBYkkzc7Lmqs0DOo2DVhV2kqCgNruNO6Okm5K3EXzosdf5MCxP8uI= │ The reason for the problem There is a soft limit of 100 S3 buckets per AWS account. Find out more https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/BucketRestrictions.html The solution to the problem Option 1 - Quick fix Remove unused S3 buckets.

How to check if a program exists from a Bash/Shell script

April 18, 2023

• Bash

You can look to use: command -v <the_command> There are also 2 other ways, that we will run through a little further down, but for now.. How to use the command if a conditional if ! command -v <the_command> &> /dev/null then echo "<the_command> could not be found" exit fi To summarize, there are 3 ways you can do this Option 1 - Using command command -v foo >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo >&2 "foo is not installed.

The DevOps Culture

April 17, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps is a software development approach that emphasizes collaboration and communication between development and operations teams. DevOps culture refers to the values, principles, and practices that foster this collaboration and enable teams to work together effectively. Here are some key elements of DevOps culture: Collaboration DevOps culture emphasizes collaboration between development, operations, and other stakeholders involved in the software development process. This collaboration ensures that all team members are working towards the same goal and have a shared understanding of the project.

Teach me Kubernetes - Part 7 - Sidecar Containers

April 16, 2023

• Kubernetes

Looking for the entire 7 part guide? Start at the Overview In Kubernetes, a sidecar container is a secondary container that runs in the same Pod as the primary container. The sidecar container runs alongside the primary container and shares the same network namespace, IPC namespace, and mount namespace. Here are some key features of sidecar containers in Kubernetes: Sidecar containers are used to enhance the functionality of the primary container: The sidecar container runs alongside the primary container and provides additional functionality that the primary container needs to function properly.

Teach me Kubernetes - Part 6 - Deployments

April 15, 2023

• Kubernetes

Looking for the entire 7 part guide? Start at the Overview In Kubernetes, a Deployment is a higher-level abstraction that manages the deployment and scaling of a set of Pods. Deployments provide a declarative way to manage the desired state of your application, making it easy to roll out updates and scale your application over time. Here are some key features of Deployments in Kubernetes : Deployments manage the desired state of your application: You can specify the desired state of your application (e.

Teach me Kubernetes - Part 5 - Services

April 14, 2023

• Kubernetes

Looking for the entire 7 part guide? Start at the Overview In Kubernetes, a Service is an abstraction that provides a stable, IP address and DNS name for a set of Pods. Services allow you to decouple the logical representation of your application from the underlying infrastructure, making it easier to manage and scale your application over time. Here are some key features of Services in Kubernetes: Services provide a stable IP address and DNS name: A Service is assigned a static IP address and DNS name that remains the same even if the underlying Pods are recreated or rescheduled.

Teach me Kubernetes - Part 4 - Replication Controllers

April 13, 2023

• Kubernetes

Looking for the entire 7 part guide? Start at the Overview In Kubernetes, a ReplicationController (also known as a “ReplicaSet” in newer versions of Kubernetes) is a controller that ensures that a specified number of replicas of a Pod are running at any given time. The ReplicationController is responsible for monitoring the state of the Pods it manages and taking corrective action if the desired state does not match the actual state.

Teach me Kubernetes - Part 3 - Pods

April 12, 2023

• Kubernetes

Looking for the entire 7 part guide? Start at the Overview In Kubernetes, a Pod is the smallest and simplest unit in the cluster. A Pod represents a single instance of a running process in a container, and it encapsulates one or more container images, storage resources, and network configurations. Pods are used to run and manage containerized applications in Kubernetes, and they provide a mechanism for managing and scaling containers.

Teach me Kubernetes - Part 2 - Nodes

April 11, 2023

• Kubernetes

Looking for the entire 7 part guide? Start at the Overview In Kubernetes, a Node is a worker machine that runs containerized applications. Nodes are responsible for running Pods, which are the smallest deployable units in Kubernetes. Nodes in a Kubernetes cluster can be physical or virtual machines, and they typically have multiple CPUs and large amounts of memory and storage. Each Node runs a container runtime, such as Docker or containerd, which is responsible for managing the containers that run on the Node.

Teach me Kubernetes - Part 1 - Overview

April 10, 2023

• Kubernetes

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. With Kubernetes, you can manage containerized applications across multiple hosts, scale them up or down as needed, and even roll out updates without downtime. Here are some key concepts you need to understand to get started with Kubernetes: Nodes: A node is a physical or virtual machine that runs your containerized applications. It can be a virtual machine running in a cloud provider or a physical server in your data center.

How to Create a Simple Chatbot in Python

April 9, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

This is a simple chatbot in Python using the NLTK library. See the below example Python code: # Import necessary libraries from nltk.chat.util import Chat, reflections # Define your chatbot's responses responses = { "hello": "Hello, how can I assist you?", "hi": "Hi there! How can I help you today?", "how are you": "I'm doing well, thank you for asking.", "what can you do": "I can help you with tasks such as finding information, setting reminders, and more!

Create Transit Gateway with Attachments in Terraform

April 8, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

The following example Terraform code snippet creates a Transit Gateway with VPC and VPN attachments: provider "aws" { region = "us-west-2" } # Create a transit gateway resource "aws_ec2_transit_gateway" "example" { description = "Example transit gateway" } # Create a VPC attachment resource "aws_ec2_transit_gateway_vpc_attachment" "example_vpc_attachment" { subnet_ids = ["subnet-abc123", "subnet-def456"] # IDs of the subnets in the VPC to attach transit_gateway_id = aws_ec2_transit_gateway.example.id vpc_id = "vpc-xyz789" # ID of the VPC to attach } # Create a VPN attachment resource "aws_ec2_transit_gateway_vpn_attachment" "example_vpn_attachment" { transit_gateway_id = aws_ec2_transit_gateway.

How to Create an AWS EC2 Instance in Terraform

April 7, 2023

• Terraform , Aws

The following Terraform code snippet creates an EC2 instance for you. provider "aws" { region = "us-west-2" } resource "aws_instance" "example" { ami = "ami-0c94855ba95c71c99" # Amazon Linux 2 AMI instance_type = "t2.micro" key_name = "example-keypair" tags = { Name = "example-instance" } } In this example, we’re using the aws_instance resource type to create an EC2 instance in the us-west-2 region. We’re using the ami parameter to specify the Amazon Linux 2 AMI ID, and the instance_type parameter to specify a t2.

A Primer on Terraform Concepts

April 6, 2023

• Terraform

Terraform is an open-source tool for building, changing, and versioning infrastructure safely and efficiently. It allows you to describe your infrastructure as code and manage it in a version-controlled way, just like you would with application code. Here are the basic steps of how Terraform works: Write your infrastructure code: You write infrastructure code in the Terraform configuration language (HCL) to describe the resources you want to create. You can define resources like servers, load balancers, databases, and more, as well as their configurations and relationships.

How to Learn Recursion by Example in Python

April 5, 2023

• Python

Here’s an example code in Python that demonstrates recursion: def factorial(n): if n == 0: return 1 else: return n * factorial(n-1) print(factorial(5)) # Output: 120 This code defines a function factorial that calculates the factorial of a given number n. The factorial of a number is the product of all positive integers up to and including that number. For example, the factorial of 5 is 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 120.

Understanding Site Reliability Engineering (SRE)

April 4, 2023

• Dev ops , Sre

Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) can also help organizations to be more proactive in identifying and addressing potential issues before they become major problems. By monitoring system performance and using data-driven insights, SRE teams can detect and respond to issues more quickly, reducing the impact on customers and the business. This can help to increase uptime and reduce the cost of downtime, which can have a direct impact on revenue and profitability.

What is DevOps?

April 3, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps is a term that combines “development” and “operations.” It is a methodology that aims to bridge the gap between the software development and IT operations teams. DevOps is a set of practices that focuses on automating the software development process, reducing the time between writing code and deploying it to production, and ensuring a high level of quality in the delivered software. Introduction to DevOps DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development and IT operations.

How to Create a Password Generator in Golang

April 2, 2023

• Go

Introduction In today’s digital age, password security is more important than ever before. Hackers can easily guess weak passwords, leading to identity theft and other cybersecurity breaches. To ensure our online safety, we need to use strong and secure passwords that are difficult to guess. A good password generator can help us create random and strong passwords. In this blog post, we’ll discuss how to create a password generator in Golang.

How does Disaster Recovery work in the Cloud?

April 1, 2023

• Cloud , Dev ops

Disaster Recovery (DR) in the cloud refers to the process of recovering IT infrastructure and data in the event of a disaster, such as a natural disaster or a cyber attack, in a cloud environment. Cloud-based Disaster Recovery (DR) is different from traditional DR because it utilizes cloud services and technologies to protect data and applications and minimize downtime. Some key elements involved in implementing a Disaster Recovery plan in the cloud covers topics such as the following.

What is DevOps and why is it important?

March 31, 2023

• Dev ops

DevOps is a software development methodology that emphasizes collaboration and communication between software developers and IT operations teams. It is a set of practices that seeks to streamline the software development lifecycle, from planning and coding to testing and deployment, through the use of automation, monitoring, and iterative development processes. The primary goal of DevOps is to deliver software more quickly, reliably, and efficiently by breaking down silos between development and operations teams and encouraging continuous feedback and improvement.

What is the Zen of Python?

March 30, 2023

• Python

The Zen of Python is an Easter Egg that long time Pythoneer (Tim Peters) channeled the guiding principals for the language’s design principals into 20 aphorisms, of which only 19 of them are written down. How to access this Zen of Python Easter Egg By importing this into your Python application, it will immediately print as follows: import this What is the Zen of Python? Beautiful is better than ugly. Explicit is better than implicit.

Bash: Convert HTML to Markdown Recursively with Pandoc

March 29, 2023

• Bash

You can recursively convert all your HTML files to Mardown format in Bash, by using Pandoc. find . \-name "*.ht*" | while read i; do pandoc -f html -t markdown "$i" -o "${i%.*}.md"; done

How to Create a Password Generator in C++

March 27, 2023

• Python

You can easily create a password generator in C++ with the following simple method. How to create the Password Generator in C++ #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <algorithm> #include <random> std::string generate_password(int length = 16) { std::string seed = string("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ") + string("0123456789") + string("!@#$%^&*()_+=-{}[]\\|:;<>,.?/"); std::string password_string = seed; std::shuffle(password_string.begin(), password_string.end(), std::mt19937{std::random_device{}()}); return password_string.substr(0, length); } int main() { std::cout << generate_password() << std::endl; std::cout << generate_password(28) << std::endl; return 0; }

How do you architect Disaster Recovery in AWS?

March 26, 2023

• General , Aws

Disaster recovery (DR) in AWS involves creating a plan and set of procedures to help your organization recover from a catastrophic event, such as a natural disaster, power outage, or cyber attack, that could impact your business operations. AWS provides a range of tools and services to help you architect an effective DR solution in the cloud. Here are the high-level steps to architect a Disaster Recovery solution in AWS:

What options exist for Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

March 25, 2023

• General , Ia c

There are several options for Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tools that can help automate the provisioning and management of infrastructure resources, such as servers, networks, and storage, in a reliable and reproducible way. Here are some of the most popular IaC options: Terraform: An open-source tool by HashiCorp that supports a wide range of infrastructure providers, including AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, and more. Terraform uses a declarative language to describe infrastructure as code and can manage both low-level and high-level resources.

How to learn Java in 1 day

March 24, 2023

• Java , General

Learning Java in one day is not a realistic goal, as Java is a complex programming language that requires time and practice to master. However, here are some tips to get you started: Start with the basics: Before diving into complex topics, learn the basics of Java, such as variables, data types, control structures, and object-oriented programming principles. Watch tutorials and read documentation: There are many resources available online that can help you learn Java quickly.

How to read user input as numbers in Python

March 23, 2023

• Python

In Python 3 onwards, the input function returns a string type.. int value You can explicitly convert this into an int type. val = int(input("Enter a number: ")) float value If you need to accept fractional components, then simply swap this out with a float type: val = float(input("Enter a number:")) map multiple values If you have multiple integers in a single line, then you can use map to extract them into a list:

Capitalize First Letter of Each Word in Python

March 22, 2023

• Python

If you have a sentence containing multiple words, and you want each of the words to start with a capital letter, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 - using string.capwords() import string string.capwords('this is a test!') Output: 'This Is A Test!' Option 2 - using title() 'this is a test!'.title() Output: 'This Is A Test!' Option 3 - using join(), split() and list comprehensions " ".join(w.capitalize() for w in 'this is a test!

How to Create a Password Generator in Python

March 16, 2023

• Python

You can easily create a password generator in Python with the following simple method. How to create the Password Generator in Python import string import random def generate_password(length=16): seed = f"{string.ascii_letters}{string.ascii_lowercase}{string.ascii_uppercase}{string.punctuation}" password_string = [x for x in seed] random.shuffle(password_string) return ''.join(password_string[:length]) How to use the Password Generator in Python With this function, you can either call the generate_password() function without any arguments, and it will generate a 16 digit long password, unless you need a longer one, then pass in an integer to specify the lengh of the password you would like.

How to Convert Bytes to a String in Python

March 14, 2023

• Python

If you need to convert bytes to a string in Python, then you can do the following: your_string = b'This works \xE2\x9C\x85'.decode("utf-8") print(your_string) Output: This works ✅ Note that in the above example, we have converted a utf-8 string to.

How to measure the elapsed time in Python

March 13, 2023

• Python

Option 1 - using the time module import time start = time.time() print(23*2.3) end = time.time() print(end - start) Output: 52.9 3.600120544433594e-05 Option 2 - using the timeit module from timeit import default_timer as timer start = timer() print(23*2.3) end = timer() print(end - start) Output: 52.9 6.355400000000039e-05

How to Change a MariaDB/MySQL Data Directory to a New Location on Linux

March 7, 2023

• Linux , Maria db , My SQL

Step 1 — Moving the MariaDB Data Directory mysql -u root -p select @@datadir; Output: +-----------------+ | @@datadir | +-----------------+ | /var/lib/mysql/ | +-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) exit sudo systemctl stop mariadb sudo systemctl status mariadb Output: mysql systemd[1]: Stopped MariaDB database server. sudo rsync -av /var/lib/mysql /mnt/my-volume-01 sudo mv /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql.bak Step 2 — Pointing to the New Data Location sudo vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] . . .

[Solved] Docker Daemon Connection Error: Daemon Running?

March 4, 2023

• Docker , CLI

If you get the following error when trying to run a Docker container: Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:/var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running? Then you can resolve it by running the following: systemctl start docker If this doesn’t work because of a root user issue, then you can do the following first: gpasswd -a $USER docker Additional issues? Issue 1 If you have tried the above, and get this error:

[Solved] M1 Docker Image Platform Mismatch with Host (ARM64)

March 3, 2023

• Docker , CLI

If you get the following error when trying to run a Docker container that was built on an M1 mac: M1 docker preview and keycloak 'image's platform (linux/amd64) does not match the detected host platform (linux/arm64/v8)' Issue The solution Then you can do simply add the following argument to your docker build command. --platform linux/amd64 Where this goes docker build --platform linux/amd64 -t your_docker_item .

How to get the SHA512 sum of a string using Python

March 2, 2023

• Python

If you need to get the SHA512 sum of a string using Python, then you can do the following. Step 1 Firstly, we need to use the hashlib module: import hashlib Step 2 Now make sure that the input string is encoded correctly. your_input = "this is your input string".encode('utf-8') Step 3 Finally use the sha512 function of the hashlib module, and get the hexdigest() value from it: hashlib.sha512(your_input).hexdigest() Putting it all together import hashlib your_input = "this is your input string".

How to get the SHA256 sum of a string using Python

March 1, 2023

• Python

If you need to get the SHA256 sum of a string using Python, then you can do the following. Step 1 Firstly, we need to use the hashlib module: import hashlib Step 2 Now make sure that the input string is encoded correctly. your_input = "this is your input string".encode('utf-8') Step 3 Finally use the sha256 function of the hashlib module, and get the hexdigest() value from it: hashlib.sha256(your_input).hexdigest() Putting it all together import hashlib your_input = "this is your input string".

How to get the MD5 sum of a string using Python

February 28, 2023

• Python

If you need to get the MD5 sum of a string using Python, then you can do the following. Step 1 Firstly, we need to use the hashlib module: import hashlib Step 2 Now make sure that the input string is encoded correctly. your_input = "this is your input string".encode('utf-8') Step 3 Finally use the md5 function of the hashlib module, and get the hexdigest() value from it: hashlib.md5(your_input).hexdigest() Putting it all together import hashlib your_input = "this is your input string".

[Solved] TypeError: datetime Not JSON Serializable

February 27, 2023

• Python

If you get the following error: TypeError: Object of type datetime is not JSON serializable ..then you can solve it by using this trick: json.dumps(your_dict, indent=4, sort_keys=True, default=str)

How to Return a List of All AWS Lambda Function Names in CLI

February 24, 2023

• CLI , Aws

If you would like to list all AWS Lambda Function Names in your CLI using the AWS CLI, then you can do this: Get a List of all Lambda Functions aws lambda list-functions However, note that this will return a potentially large JSON payload back to your CLI. So what if you only want a list of the function names themselves? You can couple the AWS command above, with the jq command as follows:

How much faster is Python code?

February 23, 2023

• General

The speed of Python code compared to other programming languages depends on a variety of factors, such as the specific task being performed, the libraries and frameworks used, the quality of the code implementation, and the hardware on which the code is executed. In general, Python is an interpreted language, which means that code is executed line-by-line by an interpreter, rather than being compiled into machine code beforehand. This can make Python code slower than compiled languages like C or C++ for some tasks.

Zip & Encode Dict to String & Back in Python

February 22, 2023

• Python

If you have a Python dictionary, and want to encode it as a string and zip it to save space, perhaps for passing a dictionary through as an environment variable or similar, then you can do the following Zip then Encode / Decode then Unzip Functions import json, gzip, base64 from io import BytesIO def _zip_then_encode(data: dict) -> str: """Gzip and base64 encode a dictionary""" if type(data) != dict: raise TypeError("data must be a dictionary") compressed = BytesIO() with gzip.

What Categories of Websites are there?

February 17, 2023

• General

There are many different categories of websites, but here are some of the most common: E-commerce websites: These websites sell products or services online. Examples include Amazon, eBay, and Etsy. News websites: These websites provide up-to-date news and information on a variety of topics. Examples include CNN, BBC, and The New York Times. Blogging websites: These websites are used for personal or business blogs. Examples include WordPress, Blogger, and Medium.

How to Generate a Random Number between 2 numbers in Python

February 16, 2023

• Python

If you need to generate a random number between two (2) numbers in Python, then you can make use of the random module. First, import the module: import random Then you can use it like this: random.randint(0, 255) Another option is to use randrange and uniform as follows: from random import randrange, uniform # randrange gives you an integral value irand = randrange(0, 10) # uniform gives you a floating-point value frand = uniform(0, 10)

How to Install AWS SAM CLI on Mac

February 15, 2023

• Aws , CLI

If you need to install AWS SAM CLI on a Mac, then the easiest option is to use Homebrew with the following commands: brew tap aws/tap brew install aws-sam-cli Now you can validate the installation as follows: sam --version

How to count the amount of rows in MariaDB fast

February 11, 2023

• Maria db , My SQL

If you need to find the fastest way to count the number of rows in a massive MariaDB, or MySQL table, then you can do the following instead of performing a select count() query: show table status like '<TABLE_NAME>' This will provide you with a table of information about the table statistics, including the amount of rows.

How to find the Product of Consecutive Fib Numbers in Python

February 10, 2023

• Python

0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 6, 0, 5, 0, 2, 6, 5, 4, 0, 5, 3, 0, 3, … This is the Van Eck’s Sequence. Let’s go through it step by step. Term 1: The first term is 0. Term 2: Since we haven’t seen 0 before, the second term is 0. Term 3: Since we had seen a 0 before, one step back, the third term is 1 Term 4: Since we haven’t seen a 1 before, the fourth term is 0 Term 5: Since we had seen a 0 before, two steps back, the fifth term is 2.

How to Solve Van Eck's Sequence in Python

February 9, 2023

• Python

0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 6, 0, 5, 0, 2, 6, 5, 4, 0, 5, 3, 0, 3, … This is the Van Eck’s Sequence. Let’s go through it step by step. Term 1: The first term is 0. Term 2: Since we haven’t seen 0 before, the second term is 0. Term 3: Since we had seen a 0 before, one step back, the third term is 1 Term 4: Since we haven’t seen a 1 before, the fourth term is 0 Term 5: Since we had seen a 0 before, two steps back, the fifth term is 2.

How to Solve: Help the Bookseller Challenge in Python

February 8, 2023

• Python

A bookseller has lots of books classified in 26 categories labeled A, B, … Z. Each book has a code c of 3, 4, 5 or more characters. The 1st character of a code is a capital letter which defines the book category. In the bookseller’s stocklist each code c is followed by a space and by a positive integer n (int n >= 0) which indicates the quantity of books of this code in stock.

How to solve AWS MediaPackage PackagingGroup Quota Limit

January 31, 2023

• Aws

If you are using AWS Elemental MediaPackage and hit the following error, then you need to either do one of the following: Error: error waiting for CloudFormation Stack (arn:aws:cloudformation:eu-west-1:800417762774:stack/dev-MediaPackage-Vod-1/511fc7a0-a092-11ed-b853-068baf6ac251) create: failed to create CloudFormation stack, delete requested (DELETE_COMPLETE): ["The following resource(s) failed to create: [PackagingGroup]. Delete requested by user." "Resource handler returned message: \"Limit exceeded for resource of type 'AWS::MediaPackage::PackagingGroup'. Reason: You reached the quota for resource=PackagingGroup. Delete the resources that you don?

How to Run Cdk Bootstrap

January 30, 2023

• Aws

To bootstrap an AWS CDK environment, you simply need to do the following: npx aws-cdk bootstrap …for each environment that you would like the CD to operate within. This will deploy all the required prerequisites to the AWS account, such as the: An Amazon S3 bucket for storing files and IAM roles that grant permissions needed to perform deployments. The required resources are defined in an AWS CloudFormation stack, called the bootstrap stack, which is usually named CDKToolkit.

How to Get Account Number from AWS Lambda

January 24, 2023

• Aws

If you need to get the current Account Number, or Account ID from within a Lambda execution, then you can access invoked_function_arn from the context and return the associated value as follows: aws_account_id = context.invoked_function_arn.split(":")[4]

Summary of the Frequently Used AWS STS API calls

January 19, 2023

• Aws

AssumeRole – is useful for allowing existing IAM users to access AWS resources that they don’t already have access to. For example, the user might need access to resources in another AWS account. It is also useful as a means to temporarily gain privileged access—for example, to provide multi-factor authentication (MFA). You must call this API using existing IAM user credentials. AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity – returns a set of temporary security credentials for federated users who are authenticated through a public identity provider.

Understanding Locking and Conditional Writes in AWS DynamoDB

January 18, 2023

• Aws

Optimistic locking is a strategy to ensure that the client-side item that you are updating (or deleting) is the same as the item in DynamoDB. Optimistic concurrency depends on checking a value upon save to ensure that it has not changed. If you use this strategy, then your database writes are protected from being overwritten by the writes of others — and vice-versa. By default, the DynamoDB write operations (PutItem, UpdateItem, DeleteItem) are unconditional: each of these operations will overwrite an existing item that has the specified primary key.

AWS CodeDeploy Deployment Type Options

January 17, 2023

• Aws

CodeDeploy provides two (2) deployment type options: Option 1 – In-place Deployment In-place deployment: The application on each instance in the deployment group is stopped, the latest application revision is installed, and the new version of the application is started and validated. You can use a load balancer so that each instance is deregistered during its deployment and then restored to service after the deployment is complete. Only deployments that use the EC2/On-Premises compute platform can use in-place deployments.

Defining Amazon ECS Task Placement Strategies

January 16, 2023

• Aws

Amazon ECS supports the following task placement strategies: binpack – Place tasks based on the least available amount of CPU or memory. This minimizes the number of instances in use. random – Place tasks randomly. spread – Place tasks evenly based on the specified value. Accepted values are attribute key-value pairs, instanceId, or host.

Deployment methods in AWS Elastic Beanstalk

January 15, 2023

• Aws

– All at once – Deploy the new version to all instances simultaneously. All instances in your environment are out of service for a short time while the deployment occurs. – Rolling – Deploy the new version in batches. Each batch is taken out of service during the deployment phase, reducing your environment’s capacity by the number of instances in a batch. – Rolling with additional batch – Deploy the new version in batches, but first launch a new batch of instances to ensure full capacity during the deployment process.

How to update NTP to sync clock on Linux

January 4, 2023

• Linux

If you need to sync the clock on Linux using the central NTP clock service, you can do the following: sudo service ntp stop sudo ntpd -gq sudo service ntp start The -gg flags do the following: Tell g flag tells the NTP Daemon to correct the time regardless of the offset The q flag tells it to exit immediately after setting the time

How to Find IP Address Ranges used by Amazon S3

December 13, 2022

• Aws , S3

You can query the ip-ranges Amazon AWS URL, and parse the results through jq as follows: Generic S3 IP Ranges Query: curl -s https://ip-ranges.amazonaws.com/ip-ranges.json | jq -r '.prefixes[] | select(.service=="S3")' Response: { "ip_prefix": "3.5.140.0/22", "region": "ap-northeast-2", "service": "S3", "network_border_group": "ap-northeast-2" } { "ip_prefix": "52.219.170.0/23", "region": "eu-central-1", "service": "S3", <truncated> Region Specific S3 IP Ranges Query: curl -s https://ip-ranges.amazonaws.com/ip-ranges.json | jq -r '.prefixes[] | select(.region=="eu-west-1") | select(.service=="S3") | .ip_prefix' Response: 18.34.32.0/20 3.

How to Find the nth Reverse Number in Java

December 12, 2022

• Java

The challenge Reverse Number is a number which is the same when reversed. For example, the first 20 Reverse Numbers are: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99, 101 Task You need to return the nth reverse number. (Assume that reverse numbers start from 0 as shown in the example.) Notes 1 < n <= 100000000000 The solution in Java Option 1:

How to Find the Sum of Intervals in Java

December 11, 2022

• Java

The challenge Write a function called sumIntervals/sum_intervals() that accepts an array of intervals, and returns the sum of all the interval lengths. Overlapping intervals should only be counted once. Intervals Intervals are represented by a pair of integers in the form of an array. The first value of the interval will always be less than the second value. Interval example: [1, 5] is an interval from 1 to 5. The length of this interval is 4.

How to Find the Stray Number in Python

December 10, 2022

• Python

The challenge You are given an odd-length array of integers, in which all of them are the same, except for one single number. Complete the method which accepts such an array, and returns that single different number. The input array will always be valid! (odd-length >= 3) Examples [1, 1, 2] ==> 2 [17, 17, 3, 17, 17, 17, 17] ==> 3 The solution in Python Option 1: def stray(arr): for x in arr: if arr.

How to Find the EDID UUID of External Mac Monitors

December 9, 2022

• MAC

You can issue the following command on an Apple Mac’s terminal to show the EDID UUID (unique serial number) of all attached external monitors: ioreg -l | grep EDID

[Solved] jsii.errors.JSIIError: docker exited with status 1

December 8, 2022

• Aws , Cdk , Docker

If you get the following error while running AWS CDK: raise JSIIError(resp.error) from JavaScriptError(resp.stack) jsii.errors.JSIIError: docker exited with status 1 Then you can resolve it as follows: How to solve docker exited with status 1 error Make sure that your local Docker client is running. Start docker on the local machine and CDK will be able to make the Docker connections required.

How to Filter a Number in C

December 7, 2022

• C

The challenge The number has been mixed up with the text. Your goal is to retrieve the number from the text, can you return the number back to its original state? Task Your task is to return a number from a string. Details You will be given a string of numbers and letters mixed up, you have to return all the numbers in that string in the order they occur.

How to Take a Ten Minute Walk in C

December 6, 2022

• C

The challenge You live in the city of Cartesia where all roads are laid out in a perfect grid. You arrived ten minutes too early to an appointment, so you decided to take the opportunity to go for a short walk. The city provides its citizens with a Walk Generating App on their phones — everytime you press the button it sends you an array of one-letter strings representing directions to walk (eg.

How to Count Stats of a String in C

December 5, 2022

• C

The challenge You will be given a string and your task will be to return a list of ints detailing the count of uppercase letters, lowercase, numbers and special characters, as follows. Solve("*'&ABCDabcde12345") = [4,5,5,3]. --the order is: uppercase letters, lowercase, numbers and special characters. The solution in C Option 1: void count_char_types (const char *string, unsigned counts[4]) { char c; counts[0] = counts[1] = counts[2] = counts[3] = 0; while((c = *string++)) if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') counts[0]++; else if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') counts[1]++; else if(c >= '0' && c <= '9') counts[2]++; else counts[3]++; } Option 2:

How to Convert a String to the NATO Phonetic Alphabet in C

December 4, 2022

• C

The challenge You’ll have to translate a string to Pilot’s alphabet (NATO phonetic alphabet). Input: If, you can read? Output: India Foxtrot , Yankee Oscar Uniform Charlie Alfa November Romeo Echo Alfa Delta ? Note: There are preloaded dictionary you can use, named NATO The set of used punctuation is ,.!?. Punctuation should be kept in your return string, but spaces should not. Xray should not have a dash within. Every word and punctuation mark should be seperated by a space ‘ ‘.

How to Add 1 to the Value of each Array in C

December 3, 2022

• C

The challenge Given an array of integers of any length, return an array that has 1 added to the value represented by the array. the array can’t be empty only non-negative, single digit integers are allowed Return nil (or your language’s equivalent) for invalid inputs. Examples: Valid arrays [4, 3, 2, 5] would return [4, 3, 2, 6] [1, 2, 3, 9] would return [1, 2, 4, 0] [9, 9, 9, 9] would return [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]

How to Calculate the Sum of a Sequence in C

December 2, 2022

• C

The challenge Your task is to make function, which returns the sum of a sequence of integers. The sequence is defined by 3 non-negative values: begin, end, step (inclusive). If begin value is greater than the end, function should returns **** Examples 2,2,2 --> 2 2,6,2 --> 12 (2 + 4 + 6) 1,5,1 --> 15 (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) 1,5,3 --> 5 (1 + 4) The solution in C Option 1:

How to Solve the Sum of Triangular Numbers in C

December 1, 2022

• C

The challenge Your task is to return the sum of Triangular Numbers up-to-and-including the nth Triangular Number. Triangular Number: “any of the series of numbers (1, 3, 6, 10, 15, etc.) obtained by continued summation of the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.” [01] 02 [03] 04 05 [06] 07 08 09 [10] 11 12 13 14 [15] 16 17 18 19 20 [21] e.g. If 4 is given: 1 + 3 + 6 + 10 = 20.

How to Determine if a String Only Contains Unique Characters in C

November 30, 2022

• C

The challenge Write a program to determine if a string contains only unique characters. Return true if it does and false otherwise. The string may contain any of the 128 ASCII characters. Characters are case-sensitive, e.g. ‘a’ and ‘A’ are considered different characters. The solution in C Option 1: int has_unique_chars(const char *str) { int mask[128]={0}; while (*str) if (++mask[*str++]>1) return 0; return 1; } Option 2: #include <limits.h> _Bool has_unique_chars(const char *str) { char hit[CHAR_MAX + 1] = {0}; while (*str) { if (*str < 0) { str++; continue; } if (hit[*str]) return 0; hit[*str++] = 1; } return 1; } Option 3:

How to Find the Maximum Multiple in C

November 29, 2022

• C

The challenge Given a Divisor and a Bound , Find the largest integer N , Such That , Conditions : N is divisible by divisor N is less than or equal to bound N is greater than 0. Notes The parameters (divisor, bound) passed to the function are only positive values . It’s guaranteed that a divisor is Found .Input » Output Examples maxMultiple (2,7) ==> return (6) Explanation: (6) is divisible by (2) , (6) is less than or equal to bound (7) , and (6) is > 0 .

How to Assign a Digital Cypher in C

November 28, 2022

• C

The challenge Digital Cypher assigns to each letter of the alphabet unique number. For example: a b c d e f g h i j k l m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 n o p q r s t u v w x y z 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Instead of letters in encrypted word we write the corresponding number, eg.

How to Check for All Inclusive in C

November 27, 2022

• C

The challenge Input: a string strng an array of strings arr Output of function contain_all_rots(strng, arr) (or containAllRots or contain-all-rots): a boolean true if all rotations of strng are included in arr false otherwise Examples: contain_all_rots( "bsjq", ["bsjq", "qbsj", "sjqb", "twZNsslC", "jqbs"]) -> true contain_all_rots( "Ajylvpy", ["Ajylvpy", "ylvpyAj", "jylvpyA", "lvpyAjy", "pyAjylv", "vpyAjyl", "ipywee"]) -> false) Note: Though not correct in a mathematical sense we will consider that there are no rotations of strng == "" and for any array arr: contain_all_rots("", arr) --> true The solution in C Option 1:

How to Solve for Factorial in C

November 26, 2022

• C

The challenge In mathematics, the factorial of a non-negative integer n, denoted by n!, is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to n. For example: 5! = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 = 120. By convention the value of 0! is 1. Write a function to calculate factorial for a given input. If input is below 0 or above 12 return -1 (C).

How to Create an Incrementer in C

November 25, 2022

• C

The challenge Given an input of an array of digits, return the array with each digit incremented by its position in the array: the first digit will be incremented by 1, the second digit by 2, etc. Make sure to start counting your positions from 1 ( and not 0 ). Your result can only contain single digit numbers, so if adding a digit with its position gives you a multiple-digit number, only the last digit of the number should be returned.

How to Return the Closest Number Multiple of 10 in C

November 24, 2022

• C

The challenge Given a number return the closest number to it that is divisible by 10. Example input: 22 25 37 Expected output: 20 30 40 The solution in C Option 1: #include <math.h> int round_to_10 (int n) { return round(n / 10.0) * 10; } Option 2: int round_to_10(int n) { return (n + 5) / 10 * 10; } Option 3: int round_to_10 (int n) { int r = n % 10; if (r > 0) return r < 5 ?

How to Reverse Every Other Word in a String in C

November 23, 2022

• C

The challenge Reverse every other word in a given string, then return the string. Throw away any leading or trailing whitespace, while ensuring there is exactly one space between each word. Punctuation marks should be treated as if they are a part of the word in this challenge. The solution in C Option 1: #include <stddef.h> #include <stdbool.h> void reverse_alternate(const char *string, char *result) { bool is_word = false, is_second = false, not_first = false; for (const char *s = string; *s; ++s) { if (*s == ' ' && is_word) { is_word = false; is_second = !

How to Solve Simple Beads Count in C

November 22, 2022

• C

The challenge Two red beads are placed between every two blue beads. There are N blue beads. After looking at the arrangement below work out the number of red beads. @ @@ @ @@ @ @@ @ @@ @ @@ @ Implement count_red_beads(n) (countRedBeads(n)) so that it returns the number of red beads. If there are less than 2 blue beads return 0. The solution in C Option 1: int countRedBeads(n) { if(n<=1) return 0; return 2*(n-1); } Option 2:

How to Solve the Maze Runner in C

November 21, 2022

• C

The challenge Introduction Welcome Adventurer. Your aim is to navigate the maze and reach the finish point without touching any walls. Doing so will kill you instantly! Task You will be given a 2D array of the maze and an array of directions. Your task is to follow the directions given. If you reach the end point before all your moves have gone, you should return Finish. If you hit any walls or go outside the maze border, you should return Dead.

How to Take a Number and Sum It’s Digits Raied to the Consecutive Powers in C

November 20, 2022

• C

The challenge The number 89 is the first integer with more than one digit that fulfills the property partially introduced in the title of this challenge. What’s the use of saying “Eureka”? Because this sum gives the same number. In effect: 89 = 8^1 + 9^2 The next number in having this property is 135. See this property again: 135 = 1^1 + 3^2 + 5^3 We need a function to collect these numbers, that may receive two integers a, b that defines the range [a, b] (inclusive) and outputs a list of the sorted numbers in the range that fulfills the property described above.

How to Find the Middle Element in C

November 19, 2022

• C

The challenge You need to create a function that when provided with a triplet, returns the index of the numerical element that lies between the other two elements. The input to the function will be an array of three distinct numbers (Haskell: a tuple). For example: gimme([2, 3, 1]) => 0 2 is the number that fits between 1 and 3 and the index of 2 in the input array is __.

How to Invite More Women in C

November 18, 2022

• C

The challenge Task King Arthur and his knights are having a New Years party. Last year Lancelot was jealous of Arthur, because Arthur had a date and Lancelot did not, and they started a duel. To prevent this from happening again, Arthur wants to make sure that there are at least as many women as men at this year’s party. He gave you a list of integers of all the party goers.

How to Build a Tower in C

November 17, 2022

• C

The challenge Build a pyramid-shaped tower, as an array/list of strings, given a positive integer number of floors. A tower block is represented with "*" character. For example, a tower with 3 floors looks like this: [ " * ", " *** ", "*****" ] And a tower with 6 floors looks like this: [ " * ", " *** ", " ***** ", " ******* ", " ********* ", "***********" ] The solution in C Option 1:

How to Calculate A Rule of Divisibility by 7 in C

November 16, 2022

• C

The challenge A number m of the form 10x + y is divisible by 7 if and only if x − 2y is divisible by 7. In other words, subtract twice the last digit from the number formed by the remaining digits. Continue to do this until a number known to be divisible by 7 is obtained; you can stop when this number has at most 2 digits because you are supposed to know if a number of at most 2 digits is divisible by 7 or not.

How to Categorize a New Member in C

November 15, 2022

• C

The challenge The Western Suburbs Croquet Club has two categories of membership, Senior and Open. They would like your help with an application form that will tell prospective members which category they will be placed. To be a senior, a member must be at least 55 years old and have a handicap greater than 7. In this croquet club, handicaps range from -2 to +26; the better the player the lower the handicap.

How to Solve Deodorant Evaporator in C

November 14, 2022

• C

The challenge This program tests the life of an evaporator containing a gas. We know the content of the evaporator (content in ml), the percentage of foam or gas lost every day (evap_per_day) and the threshold (threshold) in percentage beyond which the evaporator is no longer useful. All numbers are strictly positive. The program reports the nth day (as an integer) on which the evaporator will be out of use.

How to Find the Divisors in C

November 13, 2022

• C

The challenge Create a function named divisors/Divisors that takes an integer n > 1 and returns an array with all of the integer’s divisors(except for 1 and the number itself), from smallest to largest. If the number is prime return the string ‘(integer) is prime’ (null in C#) (use Either String a in Haskell and Result<Vec<u32>, String> in Rust). Example: divisors(12); // results in {2, 3, 4, 6} divisors(25); // results in {5} divisors(13); // results in NULL The solution in C Option 1:

Solving Love vs Friendship in C

November 12, 2022

• C

The challenge If　a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 ... z = 26 Then l + o + v + e = 54 and f + r + i + e + n + d + s + h + i + p = 108 So friendship is twice as strong as love 🙂 Your task is to write a function which calculates the value of a word based off the sum of the alphabet positions of its characters.

How to Bounce Balls in C

November 11, 2022

• C

The challenge A child is playing with a ball on the nth floor of a tall building. The height of this floor, h, is known. He drops the ball out of the window. The ball bounces (for example), to two-thirds of its height (a bounce of 0.66). His mother looks out of a window 1.5 meters from the ground. How many times will the mother see the ball pass in front of her window (including when it’s falling and bouncing?

How to Find the Capitals in C

November 10, 2022

• C

The challenge Instructions Write a function that takes a single string (word) as argument. The function must return an ordered list containing the indexes of all capital letters in the string. Example Test.assertSimilar( capitals('CodEStAr'), [0,3,4,6] ); The solution in C Option 1: #include <stddef.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> size_t *find_capitals(const char *word, size_t *nb_uppercase) { size_t n = strlen(word); size_t *arr = (size_t *) calloc(n, sizeof(size_t)); size_t j = 0; for(size_t i=0; i<n; i++) { if(word[i] >='A' && word[i] <='Z') { arr[j++] = i; } } *nb_uppercase = j; return realloc(arr, j * sizeof(size_t)); } Option 2:

How to Empty and Delete an S3 Bucket using the AWS CLI

November 9, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Python

Option 1 – Using AWS CLI Step 1 export bucketname='your-bucket-here' Step 2 aws s3api delete-objects --bucket $bucketname --delete "$(aws s3api list-object-versions --bucket $bucketname --output=json --query='{Objects: *[].{Key:Key,VersionId:VersionId}}')"; Step 3 aws s3 rb s3://$bucketname Option 2 – Using Python #!/usr/bin/env python BUCKET = 'your-bucket-here' import boto3 s3 = boto3.resource('s3') bucket = s3.Bucket(BUCKET) bucket.object_versions.delete() bucket.delete()

What ports to open for FSx connection to AWS Managed Active Directory

November 8, 2022

• Aws

If you are creating a FSx file system, and want to connect it to AWS Managed Active Directory, then you will need to create a VPC Security Group with the following ports: Inbound ports Rules Ports UDP 53, 88, 123, 389, 464 TCP 53, 88, 123, 389, 445, 464, 636, 3268, 3269, 9389, 49152-65535 Outbound ports All traffic, 0.0.0.0/0

How to Calculate Variance in Python

November 7, 2022

• Python

If you need to calculate variance in Python, then you can do the following. Option 1 – Using variance() from Statistics module import statistics list = [12,14,10,6,23,31] print("List : " + str(list)) var = statistics.variance(list) print("Variance: " + str(var)) Option 2 – Using var() from numpy module import numpy as np arr = [12,43,24,17,32] print("Array : ", arr) print("Variance: ", np.var(arr)) Option 3 – Using sum() and List Comprehensions list = [12,43,24,17,32] average = sum(list) / len(list) var = sum((x-average)**2 for x in list) / len(list) print(var)

How to Calculate the Sum of a List in Python

November 6, 2022

• Python

If you need to calculate and get the sum of a list in Python, then you can do the following. Option 1 – Using sum() myList = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] listSum = sum(myList) print(f"Sum of list -> {listSum}") If you get a TypeError then you can do the following: myList = ["1", "3", "5", "7", "9"] myNewList = [int(string) for string in myList] sum1 = sum(myNewList) sum2 = sum(number for number in myNewList) print(f"Sum of list -> {sum1}") print(f"Sum of list -> {sum2}") Option 2 – Using for myList = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] length = len(myList) listSum = 0 for i in range(length): listSum += myList[i] print(f"Sum of list -> {listSum}")

How to add a List to a Set in Python

November 5, 2022

• Python

If you need to add a list to a set in Python, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using Tuple myset = set((1,2,3,4)) mylist = list(1,2,3]) myset.add(tuple(mylist)) print(myset) Output: {1, 2, 3, 4, (1, 2, 3)} Option 2 – Using set.update() myset = set((1,2,3,4)) mylist = list(8,9,12]) myset.update(tuple(mylist)) print(myset) Output: {1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 12}

How to Remove Punctuation from a List in Python

November 4, 2022

• Python

If you have a Python list, and want to remove all punctuation, then you can do the following: First get all punctuation by using string.punctuation import string print(string.punctuation) Output: !"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~ Option 1 – Using for import string words = ["hell'o", "Hi,", "bye bye", "good bye", ""] new_words = [] for word in words: if word == "": words.remove(word) else: for letter in word: if letter in string.punctuation: word = word.replace(letter,"") new_words.

How to Normalize a List of Numbers in Python

November 3, 2022

• Python

If you need to normalize a list of numbers in Python, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using Native Python list = [6,1,0,2,7,3,8,1,5] print('Original List:',list) xmin = min(list) xmax=max(list) for i, x in enumerate(list): list[i] = (x-xmin) / (xmax-xmin) print('Normalized List:',list) Option 2 – Using MinMaxScaler from sklearn import numpy as np from sklearn import preprocessing list = np.array([6,1,0,2,7,3,8,1,5]).reshape(-1,1) print('Original List:',list) scaler = preprocessing.MinMaxScaler() normalizedlist=scaler.fit_transform(list) print('Normalized List:',normalizedlist) You can also specify the range of the MinMaxScaler().

How to Multiply a List by a Scalar in Python

November 2, 2022

• Python

If you need to multiply a list by a scalar in Python, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using List Comprehensions li = [1,2,3,4] multiple = 2.5 li = [x*multiple for x in li] print(li) Output: [2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0] Option 2 – Using map() li = [1,2,3,4] multiple = 2.5 def multiply(le): return le*multiple li = list(map(multiply,li)) print(li) Output: [2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0] Option 3 – Using Lambda Functions li = [1,2,3,4] multiple = 2.

How to Find the Index of the Minimum Element in a List in Python

November 1, 2022

• Python

If you need to find the index of the minimum element in a list, you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using min() and index() lst = [8,6,9,-1,2,0] m = min(lst) print(lst.index(m)) Output: 3 Option 2 – Using min() and for lst = [8,6,9,-1,2,0] m = min(lst) for i in range(len(lst)): if(lst[i]==m): print(i) break Output: 3 Option 3 – Using min() and enumerate() lst = [8,6,9,-1,2,0] a,i = min((a,i) for (i,a) in enumerate(lst)) print(i) Output: 3

How to Convert a Set to a String in Python

October 31, 2022

• Python

If you need to convert a set to a string in Python, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using map() and join() str_new = ', '.join(list(map(str, se))) You can confirm this worked as follows: print(str_new) print(type(str_new)) # '1, 2, 3' # <class 'str'> Option 2 – Using repr() r_str = repr(se) You can confirm this worked as follows: print(r_str) print(type(r_str)) # {1, 2, 3} # <class 'str'>

How to Decrement a Loop in Python

October 30, 2022

If you need to decrement a loop in Python, then you can do the following: How to Decrement a loop in Python using -1 The optional third argument you can pass to the range function is the order. The default order is to count up / increment, while the -1 value, is to count down / decrement. for i in range(3, 0, -1): print(i) Output: 3 2 1 How to Decrement a loop in Python using while You can also use a while loop and set the value to the upper bound, and then decrement while in the loop itself.

How to Create Zip Archive of Directory in Python

October 29, 2022

• Python

If you need to create a zip of a directory using Python, then you can do the following: Create a Zip using shutil in Python import os import shutil filename = "compressed_archive" format = "zip" directory = os.getcwd() shutil.make_archive(filename, format, directory)

How to Remove the Last Character of a String in PHP

October 28, 2022

• Php

If you need to remove the last character of a string in PHP, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using rtrim() Syntax: rtrim($string, $character) $mystring = "This is a PHP program!"; echo("Before Removal: $mystring\n"); # Before Removal: This is a PHP program! $newstring = rtrim($mystring, ". "); echo("After Removal: $newstring"); # After Removal: This is a PHP program Option 2 – Using substr() Syntax: substr($string, $start, $length)

How to Create Function with Multiple Returns in PHP

October 27, 2022

• Php

If you need to create a PHP function that returns multiple values, then you can do one of the following. Option 1 – Returning an array function returnArray() { return array("one", "two"); } // call the function and print the response var_dump(returnArray()); Option 2 – Returning a conditional function returnConditional($x = true) { if ($x) return "one"; else return "two"; } // call the function with a value and print the response var_dump(returnConditional(false)); Option 3 – Using generator to yield values function multipleValues() { yield "one"; yield "two"; } $res = multipleValues(); foreach($res as $r) { echo $r; // first val=="one", second val=="two" }

How to Download a File in NodeJS without any Third Party Libraries

October 26, 2022

• Javascript , Node

If you need to download a file in NodeJS without using any third party libraries, then you can do the following. The NodeJS ecosystem comes with a fs module, this is to denote the FileSystem built in library. First declare your imports: const http = require('https'); const fs = require('fs'); Now you can use the https module to download a file, and write it to a stream using fs. const https = require("https"); const fs = require("fs"); const endpoint = "https://example/files/some_csv_file"; https.

How to Execute a Shell Script in NodeJS

October 25, 2022

• CLI , Javascript , Node

If you need to execute a shell script in NodeJS, then you can use the exec keyword. Syntax: exec(command [, options] [, callback] const shell = require('shelljs') shell.exec("npm --version")

How to Print Multiple Arguments in Python

October 24, 2022

• Python

If you need to print out multiple arguments using Python, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using print print("Something", "Else", "Please") Output: Something Else Please Option 2 – Using String Formatting print("Something {} {}".format("Else", "Please")) Output: Something Else Please Or with explicit ordering: print("Something {1} {0}".format("Else", "Please")) Output: Something Please Else Option 3 – Using F-String Formatting one = "Something" two = "Else" three = "Please" print(f"{one} {two} {three}") Output: Something Else Please

How to Delete all Resources Except One in Terraform

October 23, 2022

• CLI , Terraform

If you need to delete all resources created by Terraform, except for a single, specific one, then you can do the following: Step 1 – Get the current state list terraform state list Step 2 – Remove the exception resource Remove the specific resource that you don’t want Terraform to track anymore. terraform state rm <resource_to_be_removed> Step 3 – Destroy the resources terraform destroy

How to Copy Files between Two Nodes using Ansible

October 22, 2022

• Ansible , CLI

If you need to copy files between two (2) nodes, using Ansible, then you can do the following: This solution uses the synchronize module, specifically using the delegate_to:source-server keywords. - hosts: serverB tasks: - name: Copy Remote-To-Remote (from serverA to serverB) synchronize: src=/copy/from_serverA dest=/copy/to_serverB delegate_to: serverA

How to Delete Files and Folders in a Directory using Ansible

October 21, 2022

• Ansible , CLI

If you need to delete files and folders in a directory using Ansible, then you can do the following: - name: Delete content & entire directory file: state: absent path: /some/directory/path/

How to Copy Multiple Files with Ansible

October 20, 2022

• Ansible , CLI

If you need to copy multiple files using Ansible, then you can do the following: How to Copy Multiple Files with Ansible Look into using the with_fileglob loop as follows: - copy: src: "{{ item }}" dest: /etc/fooapp/ owner: root mode: 600 with_fileglob: - /playbooks/files/fooapp/* If you would like to do it as a task, then this could help: - name: Your copy task copy: src={{ item.src }} dest={{ item.dest }} with_items: - { src: 'another_file', dest: '/etc/somewhere' } - { src: 'dynamic', dest: '{{ var_path }}' } # repeat for additional files

How to Write Multiline Shell Scripts in Ansible

October 19, 2022

• Ansible , CLI

If you need to write a shell script in Ansible, you probably have something like this: - name: iterate user groups shell: groupmod -o -g {{ item['guid'] }} {{ item['username'] }} with_items: "{{ users }}" But how do you write multiline shell scripts with this format? How to write Multiline shell scripts - name: iterate user groups shell: | groupmod -o -g {{ item['guid'] }} {{ item['username'] }} do_some_stuff_here and_some_other_stuff with_items: "{{ users }}" Just note that Ansible can do some strange things with manipulations of arguments, so you may want to follow something like this:

How to Pass Variables to Ansible Playbook CLI

October 18, 2022

• Ansible , CLI

If you need to pass a variable to Ansible playbook, using the command line, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Specifying command line arguments ansible-playbook release.yml --extra-vars "version=1.23.45 other_variable=foo" N.B. --extra-vars specified variables will override any variables with the same name defined inside the playbook. You can also read up on Passing Variables On The Command Line (Wayback Machine link to maintain versioning) Option 2 – Specify a YML file You can also specify a .

How to Create a Directory using Ansible

October 17, 2022

• Ansible , CLI

If you need to create a directory using Ansible, then you can do the following: Create a Directory in Ansible You will need the file module, then to create a directory you simply specify the option state=directory: - name: Creates a directory file: path: /src/www state: directory Note that with state=directory, all the immediate subdirectories will be created if they don’t already exist. Extending the file module - name: Creates a directory file: path: /src/www state: directory owner: www-data group: www-data mode: 0775 Create the Directories Recursively - name: Creates directory file: path: /src/www state: directory owner: www-data group: www-data mode: 0775 recurse: yes This is similar to the recursive argument used with mkdir -p

How to Disable Screensaver on Mac using the CLI

October 16, 2022

• CLI , MAC

If you want to disable the Screensaver on your Mac, by using the Command Line Interface (CLI), then you can do the following: Step 1 – See what is currently set defaults read com.apple.screensaver Step 2 – Set the idleTime defaults -currentHost write com.apple.screensaver idleTime 0 Step 3 – (Optional) – Undo the change defaults -currentHost delete com.apple.screensaver idleTime

How to Remove Old and Unused Docker Images

October 15, 2022

• Docker

If you need to remove any old and unused Docker images, then you can do the following: How to Remove Old and Unused Docker Images Firstly you need to see all the images: docker images You can also use ls to see the Docker Images: docker image ls How to Remove a Single Docker Image The docker rmi command will remove a single Docker image as follows: docker rmi <image_id> You can also use the Docker image names as follows:

How to Convert Milliseconds to Date in Javascript

October 14, 2022

• Javascript

If you need to convert Milliseconds to Date in Javascript, then you can do the following: How to Convert Milliseconds to Date in Javascript let date = new Date(milliseconds); date.toString(); Common Date Conversions From Milliseconds in Javascript let originalDate = new Date(milliseconds); // output: "D/MM/YYYY, H:MM:SS PM/AM" originalDate.toLocaleString(); //output: "D/MM/YYYY" originalDate.toLocaleDateString(); // output: "Day Month DD YYYY" originalDate.toDateString(); // output: "HH:MM:SS GMT+0530" originalDate.toTimeString(); // output: "Day Month DD YYYY HH:MM:SS GMT+0500" originalDate.

How to Convert String to Title Case in Javascript

October 13, 2022

• Javascript

If you need to convert a String to Title Case in Javascript, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using a for loop function titleCase(str) { str = str.toLowerCase().split(' '); for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) str[i] = str[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[i].slice(1); return str.join(' '); } console.log(titleCase("this is an example of some text!")); Output: This Is An Example Of Some Text! Option 2 – Using map() function titleCase(str) { return str.

How to Compile Multiple Java Files from a Single Command in Java

October 12, 2022

• Java

If you need to compile multiple Java files using a single command, then you can do the following. First, it’s good to learn how to compile a Java file. How to Compile a Java File Let’s take the following Java code: class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello World"); } } To compile this, we simply do the following: javac HelloWorld.java Then when we need to run it, we do:

How to Convert JSON to a Java Object

October 11, 2022

• Java

If you need to convert JSON to a Java Object, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using Gson import com.google.gson.Gson; public class SimpleTesting { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { String json = """ { "firstName" : "Jane", "lastName" : "Doe", "dateOfBirth" : "1973-04-29", "address" : "81 Hype", "city" : "New York", "contact" : "0123456789" } """; Student data = new Gson().fromJson(json, Student.class); System.

How to Calculate Powers of Integers in Java

October 10, 2022

• Java

If you need to calculate the powers of Integers in Java, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using for loops public class Power { public static void main(String args[]){ int number = 5; int power = 3; int result = calculatePower(number,power); System.out.println(number+"^"+power+"="+result); } static int calculatePower(int num, int power){ int answer = 1; if (num > 0 && power==0){ return answer; } else if(num == 0 && power>=1){ return 0; } else{ for(int i = 1; i<= power; i++) answer = answer*num; return answer; } } } Option 2 – Using Recursion public class Power { public static void main(String args[]){ int number = 3; int power = 3; int result = CalculatePower(number,power); System.

How to Get Today’s Date in Java

October 9, 2022

• Java

If you need to get today’s date in Java, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using LocalDate import java.time.LocalDate; public class GetTodayDate { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDate todaysDate = LocalDate.now(); System.out.println(todaysDate); } } Option 2 – Using Calendar and SimpleDateFormat import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.Date; public class GetTodayDate { public static void main(String[] args) { SimpleDateFormat dtf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd"); Calendar calendar = Calendar.

How to Copy Files from Docker Container to Host

October 8, 2022

• CLI , Docker

If you need to copy files from a Docker Container to the Host, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using docker cp Syntax: docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER: SRC_PATH DEST_PATH Setup the container: # pull the ubuntu image docker pull ubuntu # run the container locally docker run -it -d ubuntu # connect to the container docker exec -it abcde123456 /bin/bash Create a file from the container:

How to Get the IP Address of a Docker Container

October 7, 2022

• CLI , Docker

If you need to get the IP Address of a Docker Container, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Connect to the Bridge Network Find out the network setup: docker network ls Create a docker container and assign it to the bridge network: docker run -dt <nginx> Get the information about the container: docker ps Inspect the network: docker network inspect bridge Now you can see the container IP Address.

How to Convert Time to String in Golang

October 6, 2022

• Go

If you need to convert Time to a String in Go, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using time.Now package main import ( "fmt" "time" ) func main() { currentTime := time.Now() fmt.Println("Time: ", currentTime.String()) } Option 2 – Using time.Time.String() package main import ( "fmt" "time" ) func main() { Time := time.Date(2022, 03, 28, 03, 50, 16, 0, time.UTC) t := Time.String() fmt.Printf("Time without the nano seconds: %v\n", t) }

How to Perform a Deep Copy in Golang

October 5, 2022

• Go

To perform a Deep Copy in Go, you can use a struct type as follows: Deep Copying using a struct in Go package main import ( "fmt" ) type Dog struct { age int name string friends []string } func main() { john := Dog{1, "Harry", []string{"Steve", "Matt", "Sarah"}} jack := john jack.friends = make([]string, len(john.friends)) copy(jack.friends, harry.friends) jack.friends = append(jay.friends, "Fred") fmt.Println(john) fmt.Println(jack) }

How to Return Lambda Functions in Golang

October 4, 2022

• Go

Go doesn’t typically have Lambda Expressions, but synonymous to Lambdas, or Closures if Anonymous Functions for Go. How to return a value from an Anonymous Function in Go package main import "fmt" func main() { var sum = func(n1, n2 int) int { sum := n1 + n2 return sum } result := sum(5, 3) fmt.Println("Sum is:", result) } How to return an Area from an Anonymous Function in Go package main import "fmt" var ( area = func(l int, b int) int { return l * b } ) func main() { fmt.

How to Create an Empty Slice in Golang

October 3, 2022

• Go

If you would like to create an empty slice in Go, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Initialize an Empty Slice in Go package main import "fmt" func main() { b := []string{} fmt.Println(b == nil) } Option 2 – Using make() package main import "fmt" func main() { c := make([]string, 0) fmt.Println(c == nil) }

How to Parallelize a for Loop in Python

October 2, 2022

• Python

If you need to run a for loop in parallel, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using multiprocessing import multiprocessing def sumall(value): return sum(range(1, value + 1)) pool_obj = multiprocessing.Pool() answer = pool_obj.map(sumall,range(0,5)) print(answer) Option 2 – Using joblib module from joblib import Parallel, delayed import math def sqrt_func(i, j): time.sleep(1) return math.sqrt(i**j) Parallel(n_jobs=2)(delayed(sqrt_func)(i, j) for i in range(5) for j in range(2)) Option 3 – Using asyncio import asyncio import time def background(f): def wrapped(*args, **kwargs): return asyncio.

How to Reverse an Integer in Python

October 1, 2022

• Python

If you need to reverse an integer using Python, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Mathematical Palindrome Check original_number = 123454321 copy_number = original_number reversed_number = 0 while original_number > 0: remainder = original_number % 10 reversed_number = reversed_number * 10 + remainder original_number = original_number // 10 if copy_number == reversed_number: print(copy_number, 'is a palindrome number') else: print(copy_number, 'is not a palindrome number') Option 2 – String Reversal Number Palindrome number = 123454321 if number == int(str(number)[::-1]): print(number, 'is palindrome.

How to Save a Python Dictionary to a File in Python

September 30, 2022

• Python

If you need to save a Python Dictionary object type to a file using Python, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using pickle module import pickle my_dict = { 'Bob': 31, 'Jane': 50, 'Harry': 13, 'Steve': 23} with open("dictionaryFile.pkl", "wb") as tf: pickle.dump(my_dict,tf) Then you can load the pickle file back as follows: import pickle with open("dictionaryFile.pkl", "wb") as tf: new_dict = pickle.load(tf) print(new_dict) Option 2 – Using numpy import numpy as np my_dict = { 'Bob': 31, 'Jane': 50, 'Harry': 13, 'Steve': 23} np.

How to Move Files From One Directory to Another Using Python

September 29, 2022

• Python

If you need to move files from one directory to another directory, using Python, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using shutil.move() import shutil import os file_source = 'source/directory' file_destination = 'destination/directory' get_files = os.listdir(file_source) for file in get_files: shutil.move(file_source + file, file_destination) Option 2 – Using os.replace() import os file_source = 'source/directory' file_destination = 'destination/directory' get_files = os.listdir(file_source) for file in get_files: os.replace(file_source + file, file_destination + file) Option 3 – Using pathlib from pathlib import Path import shutil import os file_source ='source/directory' file_destination ='destination/directory' for file in Path(file_source).

How to Get the Number of Lines in a File in Python

September 28, 2022

• Python

If you need to get the number of lines in a file, or the line count total from a file, using Python, then you can use one of the following options: Option 1 – Using open() and sum() with open('directory/file.txt') as myfile: total_lines = sum(1 for line in myfile) print(total_lines) Option 2 – Using mmap import mmap with open('directory/file.txt', "r+") as myfile: mm = mmap.mmap(myfile.fileno(), 0) total_lines = 0 while mm.

How to Read Specific Lines From a File in Python

September 27, 2022

• Python

If you need to read a specific line from a file using Python, then you can use one of the following options: Option 1 – Using fileobject.readlines() If you need to read line 10: with open("file.txt") as f: data = f.readlines()[10] print(data) If you need to read lines 10, to 20: with open("file.txt") as f: data = f.readlines()[10:20] print(data) Option 2 – Using for in fileobject lines =[10, 20] data = [] i = 0 with open("file.

How to Get All Files in a Directory in Python

September 26, 2022

• Python

If you need to get all the files in a directory using Python, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using os.listdir() import os dirPath = r"/your/directory/path/" result = [f for f in os.listdir(dirPath) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(dirPath, f))] print(result) Option 2 – Using os.walk() import os dirPath = r"/your/directory/path/" result = next(os.walk(dirPath))[2] print(result) Option 3 – Using glob.glob() import glob dirPathPattern = r"/your/directory/path/*.*" result = glog.glob(dirPathPattern) print(result)

[Solved] dial tcp: lookup proxy.golang.org: i/o timeout

September 25, 2022

• CLI , Go

If you get a timeout when trying to install go dependencies, the error may look something like this: $ go get github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws go: module github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws: Get "https://proxy.golang.org/github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/@v/list": dial tcp: lookup proxy.golang.org: i/o timeout How to Solve the Timeout Issue when installing Go Deps export GOPROXY=direct Then re-run your go get command.

How to Check Operating System in Python

September 24, 2022

• Python

If you need to check the Operating System information from Python, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using the platform module import platform my_os = platform.system() print("Operating System is: ",my_os) Option 2 – Using the sys module import sys my_os=sys.platform print("Operating System is: ",my_os)

How to Convert Hex to Byte in Python

September 23, 2022

• Python

If you need to convert Hex to Byte in Python, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Using binascii import binascii str_val = 'This is a test'.encode('utf-8') hex_val = binascii.hexlify(str_val).decode('utf-8') print(hex_val) Option 2 – Using bytes.fromhex() hex_val = 'This is a test' print(bytes.fromhex(hex_val)) Option 3 – Using unhexlify import binascii from binascii import unhexlify str_val = 'This is a test'.encode('utf-8') hex_val = binascii.hexlify(str_val).decode('utf-8') print('String value: ', str_val.

[Solved] fatal: Could not read from remote repository with Git

September 22, 2022

• CLI , Git

If you receive the following error when trying to clone a Git repository: fatal: Could not read from remote repository. The full message may look something like this: $ git clone git@ssh.abc.xyz:org/repo.git Cloning into 'repo'... Bad owner or permissions on /Users/ao/.ssh/config fatal: Could not read from remote repository. Please make sure you have the correct access rights and the repository exists. How to solve this error ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa where id_rsa is a ssh key associated with the repo.

How to Install Homebrew on a Mac

September 21, 2022

• CLI , MAC

Prerequisites You should have some familiarity with the Mac Terminal application since you’ll need to use it to install Homebrew. The Terminal application is located in the Utilities folder in the Applications folder. Dependencies. You need to install one other piece of software before you can install Homebew: Xcode. Install Apple’s Xcode development software: Xcode in the Apple App Store. Installation Overview Installing Homebrew is straightforward as long as you understand the Mac Terminal.

How to create an AWS EC2 instance in CloudFormation

September 20, 2022

• Aws , CLI

Create an EC2 Instance in CloudFormation If you need to create an EC2 instance in CloudFormation, then you can do the following: AWSTemplateFormatVersion: "2010-09-09" Resources: WebInstance: Type: AWS::EC2::Instance Properties: InstanceType: t2.nano ImageId: ami-80861296 KeyName: my-key SecurityGroupIds: - sg-abc01234 SubnetId: subnet-abc01234 You can set the Instance Name as follows: AWSTemplateFormatVersion: "2010-09-09" Resources: WebInstance: Type: AWS::EC2::Instance Properties: InstanceType: t2.nano ImageId: ami-80861296 KeyName: my-key SecurityGroupIds: - sg-abc01234 SubnetId: subnet-abc01234 Tags: - Key: Name Value: webserver You can Enable Monitoring as follows:

How to Run Commands on an AWS ECS Cluster Task or Container

September 19, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you need to run a command, or set of commands on an AWS ECS cluster container, then you can do the following: aws ecs execute-command --cluster ${ClusterName} --task ${TASK_ARN} --container nginx --command "/bin/sh" --interactive

Understanding the Network Modes in AWS ECS

September 18, 2022

• Aws , Linux

If using the EC2 launch type, the allowable network mode depends on the underlying EC2 instance’s operating system. If Linux, awsvpc, bridge, host and none mode can be used. If Windows, only the NAT mode is allowed. If using the Fargate launch type, the ‘awsvpc’ is the only network mode supported. Amazon ECS task networking The networking behavior of Amazon ECS tasks hosted on Amazon EC2 instances is dependent on the network mode defined in the task definition.

How to Enable ContainerInsights on AWS ECS from the AWS CLI

September 17, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you need to enable Container Insights for an ECS cluster, by using the AWS CLI, then you can do the following: aws ecs update-cluster-settings --cluster <cluster-name> --settings name=containerInsights,value=enabled --region <aws_region>

AppMesh and ECS with Imported ACM certificates on Envoy Sidecar through EFS

September 16, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Linux

Summary This guide showcases the ability to use imported certificates from a third party provider (e.g. Venafi) in ACM, mount them in EFS and use them as trusted sources on Envoy sidecars with applications running in ECS. AppMesh is used as a passthrough with TLS termination occurring on the application container layer. Prerequisites and limitations Prerequisites A certificate that contains the chain of domains required for the fronted service and micro-services needed.

How to Increase the disk size on a Cloud9 instance

September 15, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you need to increase the disk size of a Cloud9 instance, you can run the following script directly from the terminal in Cloud9: pip3 install --user --upgrade boto3 export instance_id=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id) python3 -c "import boto3 import os from botocore.exceptions import ClientError ec2 = boto3.client('ec2') volume_info = ec2.describe_volumes( Filters=[ { 'Name': 'attachment.instance-id', 'Values': [ os.getenv('instance_id') ] } ] ) volume_id = volume_info['Volumes'][0]['VolumeId'] try: resize = ec2.modify_volume( VolumeId=volume_id, Size=30 ) print(resize) except ClientError as e: if e.

How to Get the Instance Profile attached to an AWS EC2

September 14, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you need to get the IAM Role information from the attached EC2 role directly, you can do the following: IAM_ROLE=$(curl -s 169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/info | \ jq -r '.InstanceProfileArn' | cut -d'/' -f2)

How to Create an AWS ECR Repository in AWS CLI

September 13, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you need to create an Elastic Container Registry (ECR) Repository from the AWS CLI, you can do the following: aws ecr create-repository \ --repository-name <repo-name> \ --image-scanning-configuration scanOnPush=true \ --region ${AWS_REGION}

How to Scale Out an AWS ECS Service

September 12, 2022

• Aws , CLI

When you create the Amazon ECS service, it includes three Amazon ECS task replicas. You can see this by using the describe-services command, which returns three. Use the update-service command to scale the service to five tasks. Re-run the describe-services command to see the updated five. Step 1 – Query the desired count aws ecs describe-services \ --cluster fargate-getting-started \ --services nginx-service \ --query 'services[0].desiredCount' Output: 3 Step 2 – Set the new desired count aws ecs update-service \ --cluster fargate-getting-started \ --service nginx-service \ --desired-count 5 This will now update the service to have a desired count of 5.

How to Retrieve AWS ECS Cluster Information

September 11, 2022

• Aws , CLI

For more information about the Amazon ECS cluster, run the following command. You will find the number of running tasks, capacity providers, and more. aws ecs describe-clusters --cluster <your-fargate-cluster> Sample output: { "clusters": [ { "clusterArn": "arn:aws:ecs:us-east-2:123456789012:cluster/<your-fargate-cluster>", "clusterName": "fargate-getting-started", "status": "ACTIVE", "registeredContainerInstancesCount": 0, "runningTasksCount": 3, "pendingTasksCount": 0, "activeServicesCount": 1, "statistics": [], "tags": [], "settings": [], "capacityProviders": [ "FARGATE", "FARGATE_SPOT" ], "defaultCapacityProviderStrategy": [] } ], "failures": [] }

Types of communication in Amazon EKS

September 10, 2022

• Aws , Kubernetes

There are multiple types of communication in Amazon EKS environments. Lines of communication include the following: Interpod communication between containers Communication between pods on the same node or pods on different nodes Ingress connections from outside the cluster In some cases, the default Kubernetes methods are used. In other cases, specifically inter-node communication and ingress methods specific to Amazon EKS are used. Intrapod communication Containers in a pod share a Linux namespace and can communicate with each other using localhost.

[Solved] Read timeout on endpoint URL: “https://lambda.[region].amazonaws.com/2015-03-31/functions/[function-name]/invocations”

September 9, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you get the following error: Read timeout on endpoint URL: "https://lambda.<region>.amazonaws.com/2015-03-31/functions/<function-name>/invocations" Then you are probably trying to use the aws cli to invoke an AWS Lambda function and it is timing out. Other than making sure to set the Lambda execution time to something much higher than it is, you also need to make sure to specify the aws cli --cli-read-timeout argument to something that will cover the execution time.

How to Remove a Passphrase from Certificate Key

September 8, 2022

• CLI , Ssl

If you have a Certificate Key that includes a Passphrase and you need to remove it, potentially to use it with AWS App Mesh, then you can do the following: How to Remove a Passphrase using OpenSSL Locate the Private Key Run the following command: open ssl rsa -in <original.key> -out <new.key> Enter the original passphrase for the existing key The output file <new.key> will now be unencrypted How to Verify if the Passphrase has been removed Open the file in a text editor and check the headers.

How to get Python logger to Print to std out

September 7, 2022

• Python

If you use Python’s logger as follows: import logging logger = logging.getLogger() logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) # or logging.INFO Perhaps you want to get it to print to Standard Output (stdout), then you can do the following: Setup Logger to print to Standard Output import logging logger = logging.getLogger() # logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout) handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s') handler.setFormatter(formatter) logger.addHandler(handler) This way you can now log straight to the console as well:

How to Convert a String to an Integer in C

September 6, 2022

• C

If you need to convert a String to an Integer in C, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Use atoi() int atoi(const char *str); You can do something like this: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> int main (void) { int value; char str[20]; strcpy(str,"123"); value = atoi(str); printf("String value = %s, Int value = %d\n", str, value); return(0); } Option 2 – Use strtol() long int strtol(const char *string, char **laststr,int basenumber);

How to Convert an Integer to a String in C

September 5, 2022

• C

If you need to convert an Integer to a String in C, then you can do one of the following: Option 1 – Use sprintf() int sprintf(char *str, const char *format, [arg1, arg2, ... ]); You can do something like this: #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { int number; char text[20]; printf("Enter a number: "); scanf("%d", &number); sprintf(text, "%d", number); printf("\nYou have entered: %s", text); return 0; } Option 2 – Use itoa() char* itoa(int num, char * buffer, int base)

How to append to an Array in Elasticsearch using elasticsearch-py

September 4, 2022

• Python

If you are using the Official ElasticSearch Python library (Docs), and you want to create an index: doc = { "something": "123a", "somethingelse": "456b", "timestamp": datetime.now(), "history": [] } es.index(index="someindex", doc_type="somedoctype", id="someid", body=doc) You can append items to the history each time, instead of overriding them, like this: es.update(index="someindex", doc_type="somedoctype", id="someid", body={ "script" : { "source": "ctx._source.history.addAll(params.history)", "lang": "painless", "params" : { "history" : ["item1","item2"] } } }) This uses scripted updates in Elasticsearch, for appending to an array.

How to Copy Text to the Clipboard in Python

September 3, 2022

• Python

If you need to Copy Text to the Clipboard using your Python application code, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using pyperclip First install the pyperclip package, using pip: pip install pyperclip Now you can run the following code: import pyperclip as pc a1 = "This text will now be in your clipboard" pc.copy(a1) a2 = pc.paste() print(a2) print(type(a2)) Option 2 – Using pyperclip3 This version is similar to the first option above, except it copies all the data into bytes.

How to Read a PDF file in Python

September 2, 2022

• Python

If you need to read a PDF (Portable Document Format) file in your Python code, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using PyPDF2 from PyPDF2 import PDFFileReader temp = open('your_document.pdf', 'rb') PDF_read = PDFFileReader(temp) first_page = PDF_read.getPage(0) print(first_page.extractText()) Option 2 – Using PDFplumber import PDFplumber with PDFplumber.open("your_document.PDF") as temp: first_page = temp.pages[0] print(first_page.extract_text()) Option 3 – Using textract import textract PDF_read = textract.process('document_path.PDF', method='PDFminer')

How to Convert HEX to RBG in Python

September 1, 2022

• Python

If you need to convert HEX (Hexadecimal) to RGB (Red-Green-Blue) in your Python code, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using the PIL library from PIL import ImageColor hex = input('Enter HEX value: ') ImageColor.getcolor(hex, "RGB") Option 2 – Using a custom solution hex = input('Enter HEX value: ').lstrip('#') print('RGB value =', tuple(int(hex[i:i+2], 16) for i in (0, 2, 4)))

How to Refer to a Null Object in Python

August 31, 2022

• Python

If you need to refer to a Null Object in your Python code, then you can do the following. It is important to note that Python does not have a Null type, instead Python refers to not set objects or variables as None. We can use the is keyword to check if an object or variable has the type of None. object_name = None print(object_name is None) object_name = ' some_value' print(object_name is None)

How to Convert Bytearray to String in Python

August 30, 2022

• Python

If you need to convert a Bytearray to a String in Python, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using bytes() b = bytearray("test", encoding="utf-8") str1 = bytes(b) print(str1) Option 2 – Using bytearray.decode() b = bytearray("test", encoding="utf-8") str1 = b.decode() print(str1)

How to get the Hostname in Python

August 29, 2022

• Python

If you need to get the Hostname in your Python application, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using gethostname() import socket print(socket.gethostname()) Option 2 – Using the platform module import platform print (platform.node()) Option 3 – Using os.uname() import os hname = os.uname() print(hname)

How to get the IP Address in Python

August 28, 2022

• Python

If you need to get the IP Address in your Python application, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using socket.gethostname() import socket print(socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())) Option 2 – Using socket.getsockname() import socket s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) s.connect(("8.8.8.8", 80)) print(s.getsockname()[0]) Option 3 – Using the netifaces module from netifaces import interfaces, ifaddresses, AF_INET for ifaceName in interfaces(): addresses = [i['addr'] for i in ifaddresses(ifaceName).setdefault(AF_INET, [{'addr':'No IP addr'}] )] print(' '.join(addresses))

How to use SSH in your Python application

August 27, 2022

• Python

If you need to make an SSH connection and issues commands over SSH using your Python application, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using the paramiko library ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh.connect(server, username=username, password=password) ssh_stdin, ssh_stdout, ssh_stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd_to_execute) Option 2 – Using the subprocess module subprocess.check_output(['ssh', 'my_server', 'echo /*/']) Option 3 – Using the subprocess module subprocess.Popen("ssh {user}@{host} {cmd}".format(user=user, host=host, cmd='ls -l'), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()

How to Pause a Program in Python

August 26, 2022

• Python

If you need to pause the execution of your Python program, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using time.sleep() import time time_duration = 3.5 time.sleep(time_duration) Option 2 – Using input() name = input("Please enter your name: ") print("Name:", name) Option 3 – Using os.system("pause") import os os.system("pause")

How to Convert String to Double in Python

August 25, 2022

• Python

If you need to convert a String to a Double in your Python code: Option 1 – Convert String to Double using float() string = '1234.5678' myfloat = float(string) print(myfloat) Option 2 – Convert String to Double using decimal.Decimal() from decimal import Decimal string = '1234.5678' myfloat = Decimal(string) print(myfloat)

How to a Run Bash Command in Python

August 24, 2022

• Python

If you need to run a bash command in your Python code, then you can do the following: Option 1 – Using run() from subprocess Module from subprocess import PIPE comp_process = subprocess.run("ls",stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE) print(comp_process.stdout) Option 2 – Using Popen() from subprocess Module from subprocess import PIPE process = subprocess.Popen("ls",stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE) output, error = process.communicate() print(output) process.kill

How to Force Redeployment of AWS API Gateway using AWS CloudFormation

August 23, 2022

• Aws , Cloud

If you have an AWS API Gateway resource, and need it to force a redeployment using CloudFormation, then you can use the TIMESTAMP trick. Example AWS CloudFormation Extract template.yaml extract: APIGatewayStage: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::Stage Properties: StageName: !Sub ${EnvironmentTagName} RestApiId: !Ref APIGateway DeploymentId: !Ref APIGatewayDeployment__TIMESTAMP__ TracingEnabled: true MethodSettings: - DataTraceEnabled: true HttpMethod: "*" LoggingLevel: INFO ResourcePath: "/*" MetricsEnabled: true APIGatewayDeployment__TIMESTAMP__: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::Deployment Properties: RestApiId: !Ref APIGateway Description: !Sub ${EnvironmentTagName} Deployment __TIMESTAMP__ APIGateway: Type: AWS::ApiGateway::RestApi Properties: Name: !

How to Deploy React App to S3 and CloudFront

August 22, 2022

• Aws , Cloud , Javascript , React

If you would like to deploy a React App to AWS S3 and AWS CloudFront, then you can follow this guide. The following solution creates a React App and deploys it to S3 and CloudFront using the client’s CLI. It also chains commands so that a React build, S3 sync and CloudFront invalidation can occur with a single command. Code available at GitHub https://github.com/ao/deploy-react-to-s3-cloudfront Target Architecture Guided Deployment Solution Create a directory for the application:

[Solved] export ‘Switch’ (imported as ‘Switch’) was not found in ‘react-router-dom’

August 21, 2022

• Javascript , React

In react-router-dom v6, Switch is replaced by routes Routes. You need to update the import from: import { Switch, Route } from "react-router-dom"; to: import { Routes, Route } from 'react-router-dom'; You also need to update the Route declaration from: <Route path="/" component={Home} /> to: <Route path='/welcome' element={<Home/>} />

How to List all Files/Folders/Directories in Python

August 20, 2022

• Python

If you need to list all Files, Folders, or Directories in Python code, then you can use the listdirs method from the os package. import os print(os.listdir("/path/to/directory/")

How to Read a File in Python

August 19, 2022

• Python

If you need to read a file in Python, then you can use the open() built-in function to help you. Let’s say that you have a file called somefile.txt with the following contents: Hello, this is a test file With some contents How to Open a File and Read it in Python We can read the contents of this file as follows: f = open("somefile.txt", "r") print(f.read()) This will print out the contents of the file.

How to Drop Columns in Pandas Only If Exists

August 18, 2022

• Python

If you have a Pandas DataFrame, and want to only drop columns if they exist, then you can do the following: Add parameter errors to DataFrame.drop: errors : {‘ignore', ‘raise'}, default ‘raise' If ‘ignore', suppress error and only existing labels are dropped. df = df.drop(['row_num','start_date','end_date','symbol'], axis=1, errors='ignore') An example of how to Ignore Errors with .drop() df = pd.DataFrame({'row_num':[1,2], 'w':[3,4]}) df = df.drop(['row_num','start_date','end_date','symbol'], axis=1, errors='ignore') print (df) w 0 3 1 4

[Solved] An error occurred while calling o86.getDynamicFrame. Exception thrown in awaitResult:

August 17, 2022

• Aws

If you are running a GlueJob in AWS and get the following error: An error occurred while calling o86.getDynamicFrame. Exception thrown in awaitResult: Then you need to view the CloudWatch logs to help you pinpoint where the problem is occuring. How to solve the Exception thrown in awaitResult It’s highly likely that the issue is in an expired IAM Role. When a Role is created in IAM, the default maximum session duration is set to 1 hour.

AWS CDK Commands

August 16, 2022

• Aws

The AWS Cloud Development Kit (CDK) comes with a list of commands that you need to know: cdk list (ls) Lists the stacks in the app cdk synthesize (synth) Synthesizes and prints the CloudFormation template for the specified stack(s) cdk bootstrap Deploys the CDK Toolkit staging stack; see Bootstrapping cdk deploy Deploys the specified stack(s) cdk destroy Destroys the specified stack(s) cdk diff Compares the specified stack with the deployed stack or a local CloudFormation template cdk metadata Displays metadata about the specified stack cdk init Creates a new CDK project in the current directory from a specified template cdk context Manages cached context values cdk docs (doc) Opens the CDK API reference in your browser cdk doctor Checks your CDK project for potential problems You can learn more about the CDK here: https://docs.

How to Make a Java Jar File Executable

August 15, 2022

• Java

Let’s say you have a Java project as follows: package ms.ao.something; public class MyProject { public static void main(String...args) throws Exception { System.out.println("Hello world!"); } } Now you want to build this and make it a self contained executable Jar. If you do a mvn clean install or mvn clean package, and try and run it as follows: java -jar target/my-java-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar You will get the following error: no main manifest attribute, in target/my-java-1.

How to List All Resources in an AWS Account

August 14, 2022

• Aws

If you need to see a list of all the resources in your AWS Account, then you need to look into the Tag Editor. Step 1 – Tag Editor Search for Tag Editor in the navigation search at the top of the AWS Console. Select the Resource Groups & Tag Editor. Step 2 – Find Resources From the left hand menu, select Tag Editor Step 3 – Filter your Search Requirements From the Regions drop down, select All regions and then select All supported resource types from the Resource types drop down.

Fixed size left column and fluid right column both with 100% height in CSS

August 13, 2022

• Css , HTML

If you need two (2) columns and want the left column to be a fixed size, but the right column to automatically take the remaining size of the window, then you can use the following solution. Follow the steps below, which include some CSS and some HTML. The CSS for our solution html, body { height: 100%; width: 100%; padding: 0; margin: 0; } .page-wrapper { height: 100%; position: relative; } .

How to Check if a Volume is Mounted in Bash

August 12, 2022

• Bash , CLI , Linux

If you need to check if a volume is mounted in a Bash script, then you can do the following. How to Check Mounted Volumes First we need to determine the command that will be able to check. This can be done with the /proc/mounts path. How to Check if a Volume is Mounted in Bash if grep -qs '/mnt/foo ' /proc/mounts; then echo "It's mounted." else echo "It's not mounted.

How to Determine if a Bash Variable is Empty

August 11, 2022

• Bash , CLI , Linux

If you need to check if a bash variable is empty, or unset, then you can use the following code: if [ -z "${VAR}" ]; The above code will check if a variable called VAR is set, or empty. What does this mean? Unset means that the variable has not been set. Empty means that the variable is set with an empty value of "". What is the inverse of -z?

How to Order by File Size using the du command in Linux

August 10, 2022

• CLI , Linux

If you use the du command to list all the file sizes on Linux: du # or du -h # Human readable Then you would have noticed that they are not ordered by file size. Instead you can pass that result to the sort command as follows: du -h | sort -h

How to Join Multiple MySQL Tables in Python

August 9, 2022

• My SQL , Python , SQL

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . Presenting the data let’s take two (2) tables as a demonstration for the code below. Users – Table 1 { id: 1, name: 'Carl', fav: 254}, { id: 2, name: 'Emma', fav: 254}, { id: 3, name: 'John', fav: 255}, { id: 4, name: 'Hayley', fav:}, { id: 5, name: 'Andrew', fav:} Products – Table 2

How to Limit a MySQL Query in Python

August 8, 2022

• My SQL , Python

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . How to Limit the Result Returned from MySQL in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() mycursor.execute("SELECT * FROM customers LIMIT 10") myresult = mycursor.fetchall() for x in myresult: print(x) How to Start From Another Position in MySQL from Python import mysql.

How to Update a MySQL Table in Python

August 7, 2022

• My SQL , Python

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . How to Update a MySQL Table in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() sql = "UPDATE customers SET address = 'Stoneleigh Place' WHERE address = 'Abbey Road'" mycursor.execute(sql) mydb.

How to Drop a MySQL Table in Python

August 6, 2022

• My SQL , Python

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . How to Delete/Drop a MySQL Table in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() sql = "DROP TABLE customers" mycursor.execute(sql) How to Delete/Drop Only if MySQL Table Exists in Python import mysql.

How to Delete MySQL Records in Python

August 5, 2022

• My SQL , Python

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . How to Delete MySQL Records in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() sql = "DELETE FROM customers WHERE address = 'The Rockies'" mycursor.execute(sql) mydb.commit() print(mycursor.rowcount, "record(s) deleted") Prevent SQL Injection in MySQL queries through Python Specify the injected variable as the second argument to the execute command as below.

How to ORDER BY a MySQL Query in Python

August 4, 2022

• My SQL , Python

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . How to Sort the Result of a MySQL Query in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() sql = "SELECT * FROM customers ORDER BY name" mycursor.execute(sql) myresult = mycursor.

How to Filter WHERE MySQL Queries in Python

August 3, 2022

• My SQL , Python

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . How to Select from MySQL with a Filter in Python You simply specify the WHERE clause in your SQL statement as follows: import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() sql = "SELECT * FROM customers WHERE address ='London Road'" mycursor.

How to Select From MySQL in Python

August 2, 2022

• My SQL , Python

First, you will need the mysql.connector. If you are unsure of how to get this setup, refer to How to Install MySQL Driver in Python . How to Select From a MySQL Table in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() mycursor.execute("SELECT * FROM customers") myresult = mycursor.fetchall() for x in myresult: print(x) How to Select Columns From a MySQL Table in Python import mysql.

How to Insert into a MySQL Table in Python

August 1, 2022

• My SQL , Python

If you need to insert data into a MySQL table using Python, then look no further. If you need to first learn about the mysql.connector and how to get this up and running, first take a look at the How to Install MySQL Driver in Python post before continuing. How do Insert into a MySQL Table in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.

How to Create a Primary Key for a MySQL Database in Python

July 31, 2022

• My SQL , Python

You can create a Primary Key for your MySQL database in Python as follows. First, you need to know if the Primary Key already exists. Option 1 – The Primary Key does not Exist import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() mycursor.execute("CREATE TABLE customers (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), address VARCHAR(255))") Option 2 – The Primary Key already Exists import mysql.

How to Create a MySQL Table in Python

July 30, 2022

• My SQL , Python

If you need to create a table in a MySQL database using Python, then you can do the following. How to Create a MySQL Table in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "username", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.cursor() mycursor.execute("CREATE TABLE people (name VARCHAR(255), address VARCHAR(255))") How to Check if a MySQL Table Exists in Python import mysql.connector mydb = mysql.connector.connect( host = "localhost", user = "yourusername", password = "YoUrPaSsWoRd", database = "your_database" ) mycursor = mydb.

How to Create a MySQL Database in Python

July 29, 2022

• My SQL , Python

In order to create a MySQL database in Python, you first need to initiate a connection using the mysql.connector. You can learn about how to create a connection to MySQL here . How to Create a Database in Python Creating a database is simple. First, make sure you have an active connection to your database, and then set a cursor. Once you have this, issue the execute command to create your database.

How to Install MySQL Driver in Python

July 28, 2022

• My SQL , Python

To begin using MySQL in Python, you need to do the following: Step 1 – Install the MySQL Connector Using pip, we can install the MySQL Connector package: python -m pip install mysql-connector-python Step 2 – Test the MySQL Connector Create a Python file and import the new package: import mysql.connector Step 3 – Create a Connection to the MySQL Database Now you can create a connection to your MySQL database.

How to Resize an AWS EBS Volume in Bash

July 27, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Linux

If you need to resize an EBS volume in AWS, you can do so using bash. Step 1 – Create a bash file Create a bash file called resize.sh: #!/bin/bash SIZE=${1:-20} INSTANCEID=$(curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id) REGION=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed 's/\(.*\)[a-z]/\1/') VOLUMEID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \ --instance-id $INSTANCEID \ --query "Reservations[0].Instances[0].BlockDeviceMappings[0].Ebs.VolumeId" \ --output text \ --region $REGION) aws ec2 modify-volume --volume-id $VOLUMEID --size $SIZE while [ \ "$(aws ec2 describe-volumes-modifications \ --volume-id $VOLUMEID \ --filters Name=modification-state,Values="optimizing","completed" \ --query "length(VolumesModifications)"\ --output text)" !

How to get all checked checkboxes in Javascript

July 26, 2022

• Javascript

If you need to get all the checked checkboxes using Javascript, then you can do the following: Option 1 – In a single line const checkedBoxes = document.querySelectorAll('input[name=mycheckboxes]:checked'); Option 2 – Another one liner const data = [...document.querySelectorAll('.mycheckboxes:checked')].map(e => e.value); Option 3 – Create a helper function function getCheckedBoxes(checkboxName) { var checkboxes = document.getElementsByName(checkboxName); var checkboxesChecked = []; for (var i=0; i<checkboxes.length; i++) { if (checkboxes[i].checked) checkboxesChecked.push(checkboxes[i]); } } return checkboxesChecked.

How to Setup Credential Helper for AWS CodeCommit

July 25, 2022

• Aws , CLI , MAC

AWS CodeCommit is a git code repository service by Amazon Web Services. You will want to clone your repository and setup your remotes using credential helper. Step 1 – Setup Credential Helper git config --global credential.helper '!aws codecommit credential-helper $@' git config --global credential.UseHttpPath true This will write to your local user’s ~/.gitconfig, and the file will look something like: [credential] helper = !aws --profile CodeCommitProfile codecommit credential-helper $@ UseHttpPath = true You can edit this file by running the following git command:

How to Flex Grid 2 Columns using CSS

July 24, 2022

• Css , HTML

If you would like to flex grid 2 columns in CSS then you need three (3) divs. Step 1 – Set your HTML template Create some HTML with this layout. <div class="Parent"> <div class="child1"> <h1>Left</h1> </div> <div class="child2"> <h1>RIGHT</h1> </div> </div> Step 2 – Container Div Create a Parent div that uses the Flexbox display model. .Parent { display: flex; flex-direction: row; } Step 3 – Child Divs Create two (2) divs that are both 50% of the parent container.

How to Create a Hashtag Generator in Javascript

July 23, 2022

• Javascript

If you want to create a hashtag generator in Javascript, then you can do the following: function generateHashtag(string) { if (string.trim() === '') return false; const stringWithCamelCase = string .split(' ') .map(word => word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1)) .join(''); const stringWithHashtag = `#${stringWithCamelCase.trim()}`; return stringWithHashtag.length > 140 ? false : stringWithHashtag; } How to use the Hashtag Generator const hashtag = generateHashtag("My New Hashtag !") console.log(hashtag); // #MyNewHashtag!

How to Confirm before Leaving Page in Javascript

July 22, 2022

• Javascript

You can implement a function to be called before the user leaves a page with Javascript as follows: window.onbeforeunload = function(e) { return "Do you want to exit this page?"; }; This is a typically solution for when you want the user to confirm their changes are saved before allowing them to close the current page in editing tools.

What are the multiples of 3 from 1 to 1000

July 21, 2022

• Python

If you need to calculate the multiples of 3, starting from 1 up until 1000, then you can use the following code: n = 1 v = [] while n <= 1000: v.append(n) n = n + 3 This will generate the list of numbers which are the multiples of 3 from 1 to 1000: 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 37, 40, 43, 46, 49, 52, 55, 58, 61, 64, 67, 70, 73, 76, 79, 82, 85, 88, 91, 94, 97, 100, 103, 106, 109, 112, 115, 118, 121, 124, 127, 130, 133, 136, 139, 142, 145, 148, 151, 154, 157, 160, 163, 166, 169, 172, 175, 178, 181, 184, 187, 190, 193, 196, 199, 202, 205, 208, 211, 214, 217, 220, 223, 226, 229, 232, 235, 238, 241, 244, 247, 250, 253, 256, 259, 262, 265, 268, 271, 274, 277, 280, 283, 286, 289, 292, 295, 298, 301, 304, 307, 310, 313, 316, 319, 322, 325, 328, 331, 334, 337, 340, 343, 346, 349, 352, 355, 358, 361, 364, 367, 370, 373, 376, 379, 382, 385, 388, 391, 394, 397, 400, 403, 406, 409, 412, 415, 418, 421, 424, 427, 430, 433, 436, 439, 442, 445, 448, 451, 454, 457, 460, 463, 466, 469, 472, 475, 478, 481, 484, 487, 490, 493, 496, 499, 502, 505, 508, 511, 514, 517, 520, 523, 526, 529, 532, 535, 538, 541, 544, 547, 550, 553, 556, 559, 562, 565, 568, 571, 574, 577, 580, 583, 586, 589, 592, 595, 598, 601, 604, 607, 610, 613, 616, 619, 622, 625, 628, 631, 634, 637, 640, 643, 646, 649, 652, 655, 658, 661, 664, 667, 670, 673, 676, 679, 682, 685, 688, 691, 694, 697, 700, 703, 706, 709, 712, 715, 718, 721, 724, 727, 730, 733, 736, 739, 742, 745, 748, 751, 754, 757, 760, 763, 766, 769, 772, 775, 778, 781, 784, 787, 790, 793, 796, 799, 802, 805, 808, 811, 814, 817, 820, 823, 826, 829, 832, 835, 838, 841, 844, 847, 850, 853, 856, 859, 862, 865, 868, 871, 874, 877, 880, 883, 886, 889, 892, 895, 898, 901, 904, 907, 910, 913, 916, 919, 922, 925, 928, 931, 934, 937, 940, 943, 946, 949, 952, 955, 958, 961, 964, 967, 970, 973, 976, 979, 982, 985, 988, 991, 994, 997, 1000

How to Count Files in Directory on Linux

July 20, 2022

• Linux

If you need to count how many files are in a directory on Linux, then you can use a combination of the ls command to list all the files, and the wc command to count how many lines are printed: Option 1 – Using wc ls | wc -l You can specify a directory as follows: ls <directory> | wc -l Option 2 – Using find You can count files recursively by using the find command:

How to Read a File Line by Line in Java

July 19, 2022

• Java

If you need to read a file line by line in Java, then you can use one of the following three (3) options. Option 1 You can use the FileReader and BufferedReader packages as follows: File file = new File("./your/file.txt"); try (FileReader fr = new FileReader(file); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr);) { String line; while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(line); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } Option 2 You can also read the lines using Files and Paths as follows:

How can I clear or empty a StringBuilder

July 18, 2022

• Java

You can use Java’s StringBuilder to create and manipulate Strings as follows: StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append("Some").append(" ").append("String"); System.out.println(sb.toString()); // "Some String" The following three (3) options allow you to clear or empty a StringBuilder. Option 1 – using setLength sb.setLength(0); Option 2 – reinstantiating sb = new StringBuilder(); Option 3 – using delete sb.delete(0, sb.length());

How to Approve a SageMaker model in AWS CLI

July 17, 2022

• Aws , CLI

Sometimes you will need to manually approve a SageMaker model package from the AWS CLI. Step 1 – Get a list of the available packages aws sagemaker list-model-packages --model-package-group-name "the-model-package-group" This will produce the following output: { "ModelPackageSummaryList": [ { "ModelPackageGroupName": "...", "ModelPackageVersion": "...", "ModelPackageArn": "the-arn-we-will-use-below", "ModelPackageDescription": "...", "CreationTime": "...", "ModelPackageStatus": "Completed", "ModelApprovalStatus": "PendingManualApproval" }, ... ] } Step 2 – Approve the model aws sagemaker update-model-package --model-package-arn <ARN-FROM-ABOVE> --model-approval-status Approved

How to Assume Role across Accounts in AWS

July 16, 2022

• Aws

If you need to assume role between AWS accounts, or allow an account to assume a role and use resources in another AWS account, then you need to create a role and attach the following policy. The following two (2) steps creates a Trust Relationship between the accounts. Step 1 – In the Source Account { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [{ "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "sts:AssumeRole" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:iam::DESTINATION-ACCOUNT-ID:role/DESTINATION-ROLENAME" ] }] } Step 2 – In the Destination Account { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [{ "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::SOURCE-ACCOUNT-ID:role/SOURCE-USERNAME" }, "Action": "sts:AssumeRole" }] }

How to Style an Element using Javascript

July 15, 2022

• Css , HTML , Javascript

If you need to style an element using Javascript then you can use the style object to support all your CSS needs. <html> <body> <p id="p1">Hello World!</p> <script> document.getElementById("p1").style.color = "red"; </script> <p>The paragraph above was changed by a script.</p> </body> </html> If you need to do this purely in a Javascript file itself, then: // Get a reference to the element var myElement = document.querySelector("#p1"); // Now you can update the CSS attributes myElement.

How to Wait 1 Second in Javascript

July 14, 2022

• Javascript

If you need your Javascript code to wait one (1) second (or more) while executing, then there are a couple of ways to achieve this. Option 1 – Creating a delay Promise function delay(time) { return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, time)); } delay(1000).then(() => console.log('ran after 1 second elapsed')); Option 2 – Using setTimeout setTimeout(function(){ console.log("Ready") }, 1000); Option 3 – Using an async Promise async function test() { console.log('start timer'); await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000)); console.

How to use forEach method in Javascript

July 13, 2022

• Javascript

Arrays come with a useful forEach function that allows you to loop through the array. var colors = ['red', 'blue', 'green']; colors.forEach(function(color) { console.log(color); }); // red // blue // green You can also get the index in each loop as follows: const colors = ['red', 'blue', 'green']; colors.forEach((item, index)=>{ console.log(index, item) }); // 0 'red' // 1 'blue' // 2 'green'

How to Remove an Element from an Array in Javascript

July 12, 2022

• Javascript

If you need to remove an element from an array in Javascript, then you can use one of the following five (5) options: Option 1 – Use splice to remove an element Example 1 using splice: var colors = ["red","blue","car","green"]; var carIndex = colors.indexOf("car"); colors.splice(carIndex, 1); // colors = ["red","blue","green"] Example 2 using splice: var myArray = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"]; // Remove Sunday -- index 0 and Monday -- index 1 myArray.

How to get the Alphabet as Array in Javascript

July 11, 2022

• Javascript

If you need to get an array of alphabetical letters in Javascript then you can use one of the following: Option 1 – Explicitly define the array first const alphabet = ["a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z"]; Option 2 – Split a string of alphabetical characters const alphabetArray = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".split(""); Option 3 – Split a string and UpperCase characters const alphabetArrayUp = toUpperCase("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz").split("");

The Power of Two (2) Table

July 10, 2022

• Maths

With the Power of Two, you can ask the following: How do you find the powers of 2? What does the power of 2 stand for? How much is the power of 2? The Power of Two (2) Table (Powers of Two) Power Value 1 1 2 2 4 3 8 4 16 5 32 6 64 7 128 8 256 9 512 10 1,024 11 2,048 12 4,096 13 8,192 14 16,384 15 32,768 16 65,536 17 131,072 18 262,144 19 524,288 20 1,048,576 21 2,097,152 22 4,194,304 23 8,388,608 24 16,777,216 25 33,554,432 26 67,108,864 27 134,217,728 28 268,435,456 29 536,870,912 30 1,073,741,824 31 2,147,483,648 32 4,294,967,296 33 8,589,934,592 34 17,179,869,184 35 34,359,738,368 36 68,719,476,736 37 137,438,953,472 38 274,877,906,944 39 549,755,813,888 40 1,099,511,627,776 41 2,199,023,255,552 42 4,398,046,511,104 43 8,796,093,022,208 44 17,592,186,044,416 45 35,184,372,088,832 46 70,368,744,177,664 47 140,737,488,355,328 48 281,474,976,710,656 49 562,949,953,421,312 50 1,125,899,906,842,624 51 2,251,799,813,685,248 52 4,503,599,627,370,496 53 9,007,199,254,740,992 54 18,014,398,509,481,984 55 36,028,797,018,963,968 56 72,057,594,037,927,936 57 144,115,188,075,855,872 58 288,230,376,151,711,744 59 576,460,752,303,423,488 60 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 61 2,305,843,009,213,693,952 62 4,611,686,018,427,387,904 63 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 64 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 65 36,893,488,147,419,103,232 66 73,786,976,294,838,206,464 67 147,573,952,589,676,412,928 68 295,147,905,179,352,825,856 69 590,295,810,358,705,651,712 70 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 71 2,361,183,241,434,822,606,848 72 4,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 73 9,444,732,965,739,290,427,392 74 18,889,465,931,478,580,854,784 75 37,778,931,862,957,161,709,568 76 75,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 77 151,115,727,451,828,646,838,272 78 302,231,454,903,657,293,676,544 79 604,462,909,807,314,587,353,088 80 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 81 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 82 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 83 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 84 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 85 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 86 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 87 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 88 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 89 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 90 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 91 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 92 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 93 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 94 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 95 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 96 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 97 158,456,325,028,528,675,187,087,900,672 98 316,912,650,057,057,350,374,175,801,344 99 633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 100 1,267,650,600,228,229,401,496,703,205,376 The Power of Two (2) Tables from 1 to 100 Below you will find the Power of Two (2) tables from 1 to 100.

How to get the Screen Width in Javascript

July 9, 2022

• Javascript

Javascript gives a few options to determine the screen width. When we say screen, we mean the browser window’s width itself. Option 1 – Using Native Javascript Using native Javascript objects, we can find the innerWidth and innerHeight: var w = window.innerWidth; var h = window.innerHeight; The window object also allows for: window.screen.width // or simply screen.width We can write some code to tell us the width and height with fallbacks:

How to Read a File in Rust

July 8, 2022

• Rust

If you need to read a file in Rust, then you can use the fs package from the standard library: use std::fs; fn main() { let contents = fs::read_to_string(filename) .expect("Something went wrong reading the file"); println!("With text:\n{}", contents); }

How to Convert Array to String in Java

July 7, 2022

• Java

If you need to convert an array to a string in Java, then you could look at a solution like this: String stringArray[] = {"Hello ", " world", " this", " is", " a", " test"}; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for(int i = 0; i < stringArray.length; i++) { sb.append(stringArray[i]); } String str = sb.toString(); System.out.println(str); Or you could do something simple like this: String str = String.join(",", arr);

How to Join Two Strings Together in Golang

July 6, 2022

If you need to join two (2) strings together in Golang, you can do the following, using the + concatenation operator: package main import ( "fmt") func main() { message1 := "Join Strings" message2 := "Together" result := message1 + " " + message2 fmt.Println(result) }

How to Recursively Delete all Files in an AWS S3 Bucket

July 5, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you need to recursively delete all files in an AWS S3 bucket, then you can do the following: aws s3 rm --recursive s3://your-bucket-name/foo/bar/ If you only want to delete an specific object from AWS S3: aws s3 rm s3://your-bucket-name/foo/bar/item.txt

How to Execute Linux Commands in Golang

July 4, 2022

• Go

If you want to execute linux commands in Golang, then you can use exec.Command: cmd := exec.Command("echo", "hello world") res, _ := cmd.CombinedOutput() fmt.Println(string(res))

How to Check for Prime Numbers using Golang

July 3, 2022

• Go

If you need to check for Prime Numbers in Golang, then you can use the following method: const n = 1212121 if big.NewInt(n).ProbablyPrime(0) { fmt.Println(n, "is prime") } else { fmt.Println(n, "is not prime") }

How to Raise a Number to a Power in Golang

July 2, 2022

• Go

If you need to raise a number to a power in Golang, then you can use the math.Pow function: package main import ( "math" ) func main() { var exponent, base float64 output := math.Pow(base, exponent) }

How to get CPU Frequency in Linux

July 1, 2022

• CLI , Linux

If you need to get the CPU Frequency in Linux, then you can run the following command: watch -n.1 "grep \"^[c]pu MHz\" /proc/cpuinfo"

How to Disable Warning with Python Pandas

June 30, 2022

• Python

How can python pandas disable warnings? If you need to disable warnings with Pandas on Python, then you can use the warnings module and ignore the filter as follows: import warnings warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

How to Get all Caps Alphabet as List in Python

June 29, 2022

• Python

If we take the following list: ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'] How do we extract only the UpperCase letters of a given word? How to get only the Capital Letters from a String word = 'AbcDefgHijkL' result = re.findall('([A-Z])', word) print(result) # ['A', 'D', 'H', 'L']

[Solved] Error creating RDS DB Instance: IAM role ARN value is not value or does not include the required permissions for: ENHANCED_MONITORING

June 28, 2022

• Aws

When you are trying to create an RDS database and you get the dreaded error message: IAM role ARN value is invalid or does not include the required permissions for: ENHANCED_MONITORING Then you need to make sure that you are assuming the correct service principle: monitoring.rds.amazonaws.com Your code should look something like this: { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Action": "sts:AssumeRole", "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "Service": "cloudwatch.amazonaws.com" } }, { "Action": "sts:AssumeRole", "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "Service": "monitoring.

How to create an AWS Lambda in Terraform

June 27, 2022

• Aws , Python , Terraform

Step 1 – Lambda Code in Python The following code expects a python file with the contents as follows in a file called python/script1.py: def lambda_handler(event, context): return { 'code': 200, 'message': 'Triggered' } Step 2 – Lambda Code in Terraform Now we create the lambda.tf: data "archive_file" "zip_python_code_create" { type = "zip" source_file = "python/script1.py" output_path = "python/script1.zip" } resource "aws_lambda_function" "lambda_script1" { filename = "python/script1.zip" function_name = "LambdaScript1" role = aws_iam_role.

[Solved] Instance Profile already exists in Terraform

June 26, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Terraform

If you get the Instance Profile already exists error when running your Terraform apply, then it is either because an instance profile with that name already existed in the account, or because the previous terraform destroy did not remove it. Step 1 – Identify the Instance Profiles in the account aws iam list-instance-profiles Step 2 – Delete the Instance Profile/s aws iam delete-instance-profile --instance-profile-name <name-of-instance-profile>

[Solved] An error occurred (UnauthorizedException) when calling ListAccounts operation: Session token not found or invalid

June 25, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you are using aws configure sso to populate your ~/.aws/credentials file and you get the following error when you try and reauthorize, then you can solve this problem as follows: An error occurred (UnauthorizedException) when calling ListAccounts operation: Session token not found or invalid Step 1 – Logout from SSO aws sso logout Step 2 – Reconfigure SSO with previous defaults aws configure sso

How to Match Multiple Strings with grep

June 24, 2022

• CLI

If you need to match a string in a file, then grep is your friend. An example of using grep Let’s take a file called somefile.txt this is a test that looks for something We can look for the string something in this file using grep: cat somefile.txt | grep something # something But what if we want to look for both something and this? An example of using multiple greps It’s pretty easy, we just pass the -E flag, which is short for --extended-regexp, and separate our strings with a pipe |.

How to Invoke an AWS Lambda from the CLI

June 23, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you want to invoke an AWS Lambda from your CLI, then the best option is to have the AWS CLI installed. Getting started with the AWS CLI – AWS Command Line Interface (amazon.com) Once this is installed, you can invoke Lambdas as follows: Setting your AWS Region It is recommended to always set your AWS region in an environment variable called AWS_REGION export AWS_REGION=eu-west-1 Option 1 – Recommended with AWS CLI v2 aws lambda invoke --function-name YourFunction --region ${AWS_REGION} --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out --payload '{"keyName":"keyValue"}' response.

How to Exit if a Bash Variable in Not Set

June 22, 2022

• CLI , Linux

Sometimes you might want to exit a command if a variable is not set in Bash. You can do this as follows: if [ -z "$VARIABLE_NAME" ]; then echo "VARIABLE_NAME is not set"; exit 1; fi

How to Force Gitlab pipeline to fail on condition

June 21, 2022

• CLI

if you have a conditional in your Gitlab pipeline stage that checks if something has succeeded or failed, then you can use this to pass or fail your pipeline stage. Option 1 – Fail on String Found if cat log.txt | grep "Failure Summary" ; then exit 1 ; else exit 0 ; fi This will fail the pipeline if it find a string matching Failure Summary in a file called log.

How to run AWS CLI commands based on AWS CLI Version in Bash

June 20, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you find yourself having the requirements to support both AWS CLI v1 and v2 simultaneously, then you can use the following conditional in Bash to only run the specific version required: AWS_VERSION=$(aws --version | gawk '{print $1}' | gawk -F/ '{print $2}' | gawk -F. '{print $1}') if [ AWS_VERSION == "1" ] then aws lambda invoke --function-name YourFunction --payload $(echo '{"k":"v"}') response.json else aws lambda invoke --function-name YourFunction --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out --payload '{"k":"v"}' response.

[Solved] Unknown options: –cli-binary-format AWS CLI

June 19, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you have tried calling the AWS CLI and got the following error: Unknown options: --cli-binary-format Then it is because you are using the AWS CLI v1 and should be using the newer AWS CLI v2. Another error that you will see along with this is: An error occurred (InvalidRequestContentException) when calling the Invoke operation: Could not parse request body into json: Could not parse payload into json: Unrecognized token 'eyJwYXRoIjoiJEdMAAAAIgfQo': was expecting (JSON String, Number, Array, Object or token 'null', 'true' or 'false') An example that fails on AWS CLI v1 aws lambda invoke --function-name YourFunction --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out --payload '{"yourKey":"yourValue"}' How to fix this error on AWS CLI v1 aws lambda invoke --function-name YourFunction --region eu-west-1 --payload '{"yourKey":"yourValue"}' response.

How to Generate Random Strings with Dash in-between in Python

June 18, 2022

• Python

If you need to generate a random string that looks something like this: VUNBXJ-230411, then you can use the following random generator: import random, string def generate_random_string_with_dash(): rand = "{0}-{1}".format(''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase) for x in range(6)), ''.join(random.choice(string.digits) for x in range(6))) return rand You simply call the above as follows: print( generate_random_string_with_dash() ) # JJXFNS-420809 If you need to adjust the length of string A and B, then you can change the value in the range above from something other than 6.

How to Check OS version and flavor in Linux

June 17, 2022

• CLI , Linux

If you need to check the version and flavour of the running Linux instance, then you can try the below commands: cat /etc/os-release lsb_release -a hostnamectl

How to use a Backend-Config File for Terraform S3 State Configuration

June 16, 2022

• Terraform

If you are using S3 as the backend for your state management in Terraform, then you can create environment specific configuration files where you store the bucket, region among other things to be pulled in automatically when switching environments. Step 1 – Create environment specific configs Create a dev.conf file with the following content: bucket = "your-bucket" region = "your-aws-region" key = "path/to/key" Step 2 – Set the terraform backend In your main.

How to Refresh State in Terraform

June 15, 2022

• Terraform

Sometimes your infrastructure may be out of sync with your Terraform state because resources may have been amended or deleted manually. For this you can refresh the Terraform state. Using the refresh command terraform refresh [options] Why this command may appear strange at first, not that it is merely an alias for: terraform apply -refresh-only -auto-approve If you don’t want to auto-approve the transaction, then you can perform a refresh as follows:

How to get the Length of an Array in C

June 14, 2022

• C

There isn’t really a standard way to get the length of array in C. This means you need to do some additional work to achieve getting the length of an array when using C. Creating and Looping through an Array in C Usually you would create an array as follows: int items[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; You could always define the size right off the bat: const int SIZE = 5; int items[SIZE] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; This way if you need to loop through the array later on, you can use your SIZE variable.

How to write If/Else Statements in Terraform

June 13, 2022

• Terraform

If/Else statements are conditional statements that perform decisions based on some known state, or variable. Terraform allows you to perform these if/else statements using a ternary operation which have become popular as short-form if/else statements in many programming languages. Where a language would write something similar to: let truthy = false if (something == "value") { truthy = true } else { truthy = false } The ternary alternative would be:

How to Reset Udemy Progress

June 12, 2022

• Javascript

If you need to redo a Udemy course and you would like to reset the course’s progress, then you can use the following Javascript snippet below. You have to do this manually because Udemy does not provide native functionality to do this. Step 1 – Navigate to Udemy in a web browser Make sure you are on the course content page you would like to reset. Step 2 – Open up the developer tools You will need to run a Javascript snippet, so press the following keyboard shortcuts, or right-click and select Inspect:

How to Get Last Digit of a Large Number in C

June 11, 2022

• C

The challenge Define a function that takes in two non-negative integers aa_a_ and bb_b_ and returns the last decimal digit of aba^b_a__b_. Note that aa_a_ and bb_b_ may be very large! For example, the last decimal digit of 979^797 is 999, since 97=47829699^7 = 478296997=4782969. The last decimal digit of (2200)2300({2^{200}})^{2^{300}}(2200)2300, which has over 109210^{92}1092 decimal digits, is 666. Also, please take 000^000 to be 111. You may assume that the input will always be valid.

[Solved] Network interface is in use by another service in AWS

June 10, 2022

• Aws , CLI

If you have tried to delete a Security Group, or VPC, or various other resources and you get the dreaded Network interface is in use by another service error, then you can resolve this by deleting the resource through the API. How to delete the Network Interface (ENI) aws ec2 delete-network-interface --network-interface-id eni-xxxxx Replace the eni-xxxxx with the ENI id that you are struggling to delete. How to find what services are using the ENI #!

How to Uninstall npm packages

June 9, 2022

• CLI , Node , Npm

We typically install an npm package as follows: npm install <package_name> But how do we uninstall an npm package? How to uninstall an npm package This will uninstall an npm package that was installed in your project. Just make sure to run the command from the root directory of your project. npm uninstall <package_name> This will remove the package from the node_modules directory and will also remove the reference to it from the package.

RBG Color Codes

June 8, 2022

• Css , HTML

Often you need to reference an HTML/CSS Color Code in RGB or Hex. This is known as rgb color codes. Below is an easy-to-use table to find the appropriate RGB and Hex Color Codes. Color Name #RRGGBB (Hex Code) R,G,B (Decimal code) maroon #800000 (128,0,0) dark red #8B0000 (139,0,0) brown #A52A2A (165,42,42) firebrick #B22222 (178,34,34) crimson #DC143C (220,20,60) red #FF0000 (255,0,0) tomato #FF6347 (255,99,71) coral #FF7F50 (255,127,80) indian red #CD5C5C (205,92,92) light coral #F08080 (240,128,128) dark salmon #E9967A (233,150,122) salmon #FA8072 (250,128,114) light salmon #FFA07A (255,160,122) orange red #FF4500 (255,69,0) dark orange #FF8C00 (255,140,0) orange #FFA500 (255,165,0) gold #FFD700 (255,215,0) dark golden rod #B8860B (184,134,11) golden rod #DAA520 (218,165,32) pale golden rod #EEE8AA (238,232,170) dark khaki #BDB76B (189,183,107) khaki #F0E68C (240,230,140) olive #808000 (128,128,0) yellow #FFFF00 (255,255,0) yellow green #9ACD32 (154,205,50) dark olive green #556B2F (85,107,47) olive drab #6B8E23 (107,142,35) lawn green #7CFC00 (124,252,0) chart reuse #7FFF00 (127,255,0) green yellow #ADFF2F (173,255,47) dark green #006400 (0,100,0) green #008000 (0,128,0) forest green #228B22 (34,139,34) lime #00FF00 (0,255,0) lime green #32CD32 (50,205,50) light green #90EE90 (144,238,144) pale green #98FB98 (152,251,152) dark sea green #8FBC8F (143,188,143) medium spring green #00FA9A (0,250,154) spring green #00FF7F (0,255,127) sea green #2E8B57 (46,139,87) medium aqua marine #66CDAA (102,205,170) medium sea green #3CB371 (60,179,113) light sea green #20B2AA (32,178,170) dark slate gray #2F4F4F (47,79,79) teal #008080 (0,128,128) dark cyan #008B8B (0,139,139) aqua #00FFFF (0,255,255) cyan #00FFFF (0,255,255) light cyan #E0FFFF (224,255,255) dark turquoise #00CED1 (0,206,209) turquoise #40E0D0 (64,224,208) medium turquoise #48D1CC (72,209,204) pale turquoise #AFEEEE (175,238,238) aqua marine #7FFFD4 (127,255,212) powder blue #B0E0E6 (176,224,230) cadet blue #5F9EA0 (95,158,160) steel blue #4682B4 (70,130,180) corn flower blue #6495ED (100,149,237) deep sky blue #00BFFF (0,191,255) dodger blue #1E90FF (30,144,255) light blue #ADD8E6 (173,216,230) sky blue #87CEEB (135,206,235) light sky blue #87CEFA (135,206,250) midnight blue #191970 (25,25,112) navy #000080 (0,0,128) dark blue #00008B (0,0,139) medium blue #0000CD (0,0,205) blue #0000FF (0,0,255) royal blue #4169E1 (65,105,225) blue violet #8A2BE2 (138,43,226) indigo #4B0082 (75,0,130) dark slate blue #483D8B (72,61,139) slate blue #6A5ACD (106,90,205) medium slate blue #7B68EE (123,104,238) medium purple #9370DB (147,112,219) dark magenta #8B008B (139,0,139) dark violet #9400D3 (148,0,211) dark orchid #9932CC (153,50,204) medium orchid #BA55D3 (186,85,211) purple #800080 (128,0,128) thistle #D8BFD8 (216,191,216) plum #DDA0DD (221,160,221) violet #EE82EE (238,130,238) magenta / fuchsia #FF00FF (255,0,255) orchid #DA70D6 (218,112,214) medium violet red #C71585 (199,21,133) pale violet red #DB7093 (219,112,147) deep pink #FF1493 (255,20,147) hot pink #FF69B4 (255,105,180) light pink #FFB6C1 (255,182,193) pink #FFC0CB (255,192,203) antique white #FAEBD7 (250,235,215) beige #F5F5DC (245,245,220) bisque #FFE4C4 (255,228,196) blanched almond #FFEBCD (255,235,205) wheat #F5DEB3 (245,222,179) corn silk #FFF8DC (255,248,220) lemon chiffon #FFFACD (255,250,205) light golden rod yellow #FAFAD2 (250,250,210) light yellow #FFFFE0 (255,255,224) saddle brown #8B4513 (139,69,19) sienna #A0522D (160,82,45) chocolate #D2691E (210,105,30) peru #CD853F (205,133,63) sandy brown #F4A460 (244,164,96) burly wood #DEB887 (222,184,135) tan #D2B48C (210,180,140) rosy brown #BC8F8F (188,143,143) moccasin #FFE4B5 (255,228,181) navajo white #FFDEAD (255,222,173) peach puff #FFDAB9 (255,218,185) misty rose #FFE4E1 (255,228,225) lavender blush #FFF0F5 (255,240,245) linen #FAF0E6 (250,240,230) old lace #FDF5E6 (253,245,230) papaya whip #FFEFD5 (255,239,213) sea shell #FFF5EE (255,245,238) mint cream #F5FFFA (245,255,250) slate gray #708090 (112,128,144) light slate gray #778899 (119,136,153) light steel blue #B0C4DE (176,196,222) lavender #E6E6FA (230,230,250) floral white #FFFAF0 (255,250,240) alice blue #F0F8FF (240,248,255) ghost white #F8F8FF (248,248,255) honeydew #F0FFF0 (240,255,240) ivory #FFFFF0 (255,255,240) azure #F0FFFF (240,255,255) snow #FFFAFA (255,250,250) black #000000 (0,0,0) dim gray / dim grey #696969 (105,105,105) gray / grey #808080 (128,128,128) dark gray / dark grey #A9A9A9 (169,169,169) silver #C0C0C0 (192,192,192) light gray / light grey #D3D3D3 (211,211,211) gainsboro #DCDCDC (220,220,220) white smoke #F5F5F5 (245,245,245) white #FFFFFF (255,255,255)

How to Sum the Two Lowest Positive Integers in C++

June 7, 2022

• C

The challenge Create a function that returns the sum of the two lowest positive numbers given an array of minimum 4 positive integers. No floats or non-positive integers will be passed. For example, when an array is passed like [19, 5, 42, 2, 77], the output should be 7. [10, 343445353, 3453445, 3453545353453] should return 3453455. The solution in C++ Option 1: #include <algorithm> #include <vector> long sumTwoSmallestNumbers(std::vector<int> numbers) { std::sort(numbers.

How to Sort an Array of Objects by Property in Javascript

June 6, 2022

• Javascript

If you need to sort an array of objects by their property values using Javascript, then you don’t need to look further than the built-in sort functionality. Step 1 – Create an array of objects to work with let people = [ { name : "John", surname : "Doe", age : 21 }, { name : "Jack", surname : "Bennington", age : 35 }, { name : "Jane", surname : "Doe", age : 19 } ]; Step 2 – Sort by keys Option 1 – Sort by surname people.

How to create a Countdown Timer in Python

June 5, 2022

• CLI , Python

If you need to count down a specific amount of time, say for example, when a token is set to expire, then a countdown timer will be useful. Step 1 – Writing the Python code Place the following Python code in a file called countdowntimer.py Option 1 – Text output import time def countdown(t): while t: mins, secs = divmod(t, 60) timer = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs) print(timer, end="\r") time.sleep(1) t -= 1 print('Countdown time has elapsed!

How to Remove a Resource from Terraform State

June 4, 2022

• Terraform

Terraform state reflects the most up to date reference of the infrastructure. Sometimes you may need to remove a resource from the Terraform state manually. This is helpful if a resource has been deleted or modified manually and the resource definition has been removed in your Terraform code. This way you can re-run your Terraform plan and apply without deleting the remote infra resource that you removed from the state.

How to Delete a Specific Resource in Terraform

June 3, 2022

• Terraform

Running terraform destroy will tear down the whole stack associated to some terraform code. However, sometimes you might only want to remove a specific piece of your infrastructure. To do this, you can use the terraform destroy -target object. Step 1 – List the State Get a list of all the resources from the state: terraform state list #data.aws_ami.webserver_ami #aws_autoscaling_group.asg-web[0] #random_string.rand3 #... Step 2 – Remove a Specific Resource Run a terraform destroy -target and pass a resource from the state list above:

How to Create a DynamoDB Lock Table for Terraform

June 2, 2022

• Terraform

Provision the DynamoDB Table resource "aws_dynamodb_table" "dynamodb-terraform-state-lock" { name = "terraform-state-lock-dynamo" hash_key = "LockID" read_capacity = 20 write_capacity = 20 attribute { name = "LockID" type = "S" } } Configure the DynamoDB table in Terraform Backend terraform { backend "s3" { encrypt = true bucket = "your-unique-bucket-name" dynamodb_table = "terraform-state-lock-dynamo" key = "terraform.tfstate" region = "us-east-1" } }

How to add Comments in Terraform

June 1, 2022

• Terraform

Terraform , a powerful Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tool, allows you to define and provision infrastructure resources. Properly commenting your Terraform code is essential for maintaining readability and sharing insights with your team. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore various methods to add comments in Terraform and address common questions related to Terraform syntax and best practices . Adding Comments in Terraform 1. # - Single Line Comment The # symbol marks the beginning of a single-line comment in Terraform.

How to log/debug in Terraform

May 31, 2022

• Terraform

If you have Terraform reporting an error but want more information, then you can configure debug logging. How to configure Bash export TF_LOG="TRACE" export TF_LOG_PATH="terraform.txt" How to configure PowerShell $env:TF_LOG="TRACE" $env:TF_LOG_PATH="terraform.txt"

How to find the number of trailing zeros of N in Rust

May 30, 2022

• Rust

The challenge Write a program that will calculate the number of trailing zeros in a factorial of a given number. N! = 1 * 2 * 3 * ... * N Be careful 1000! has 2568 digits… For more info, see: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Factorial.html Examples zeros(6) = 1 # 6! = 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5 * 6 = 720 --> 1 trailing zero zeros(12) = 2 # 12!

How to do RGB To Hex Conversion in Rust

May 29, 2022

• Rust

The challenge The rgb function is incomplete. Complete it so that passing in RGB decimal values will result in a hexadecimal representation being returned. Valid decimal values for RGB are 0 – 255. Any values that fall out of that range must be rounded to the closest valid value. Note: Your answer should always be 6 characters long, the shorthand with 3 will not work here. The following are examples of expected output values:

How to Rename a Git Branch

May 28, 2022

• CLI

If you want to rename a git branch, then you have a few options, dependent on the use-case. Option 1 – Rename a Git Branch git branch -a <oldname> <newname> Option 2 – Rename the Current Branch git branch -m <newname> Option 3 – On Windows Windows required a capital “-M” instead. git branch -M <newname> Push the Local Branch and Reset the Upstream Branch git push origin -u <newname> Delete the Old Remote Branch git push origin --delete <oldname>

How to Find the Shortest Word in C++

May 27, 2022

• C

The challenge Simple, given a string of words, return the length of the shortest word(s). The string will never be empty and you do not need to account for different data types. The solution in C++ Option 1: int find_short(const std::string &str) { std::istringstream inp(str); std::string s; int len = -1; while (std::getline(inp, s, ' ')) if (s.length() < len) len = s.length(); return len; } Option 2: int find_short(std::string str) { std::istringstream iss(str); std::vector<std::string> vec{ std::istream_iterator<std::string>(iss), {} }; return std::min_element(vec.

How to Square Every Digit in C++

May 26, 2022

• C

The challenge You are asked to square every digit of a number and concatenate them. For example, if we run 9119 through the function, 811181 will come out, because 92 is 81 and 12 is 1. Note: The function accepts an integer and returns an integer The solution in C++ Option 1: int square_digits(int n) { int a = 1; int m = 0; while (n > 0) { int d = n % 10; m += a * d * d; a *= d <= 3 ?

How to Count Vowels in C++

May 25, 2022

• C

The challenge Return the number (count) of vowels in the given string. We will consider a, e, i, o, u as vowels for this challenge (but not y). The input string will only consist of lower case letters and/or spaces. The solution in C++ Option 1: #include <string> using namespace std; bool is_vowel(char c) { return (c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'u'); } int getCount(const string& inputStr) { return count_if(inputStr.

How to Calculate the Sum of the Numbers in the Nth row of a Triangle in Golang

May 24, 2022

• Go

The challenge Given the triangle of consecutive odd numbers: 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 ... Calculate the sum of the numbers in the nth row of this triangle (starting at index 1) e.g.: (Input –> Output) 1 --> 1 2 --> 3 + 5 = 8 The solution in Golang Option 1: package solution func RowSumOddNumbers(n int) int { return n * n * n } Option 2:

[Solved] Terraform Error accessing remote module registry in PowerShell

May 23, 2022

• CLI , Power shell , Windows

If you are using PowerShell and trying to run a terraform init, you may get an error as follows: Error: error accessing remote module registry Failed to retrieve available versions for module ... from registry.terraform.io: Failed to request discovery document: Get "https://registry.terraform.io/.well-known/terraform.json": read tcp x.x.x.x:xxxx->x.x.x.x: wsarecv: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host.. Note that you will still be able to make a successful curl request, but terraform will fail!

How to Recursively Delete a Directory in PowerShell

May 22, 2022

• Power shell

If you want to recursively delete a directory/folder using PowerShell, then you have 2 options. Option 1 – With LiteralPath and Force Remove-Item -LiteralPath "myFolder" -Force -Recurse Option 2 – With implicit and Recurse Remove-Item myFolder/* -Recurse

[Solved] npm ERR! could not determine executable to run

May 21, 2022

• Javascript , Node

If you get the following message, then there’s a very easy fix: npm ERR! could not determine executable to run The solution – using npm rm -rf .git/hooks npm install The solution – using yarn rm -rf .git/hooks yarn install

[Solved] npm ERR! path node_modules/node-sass

May 20, 2022

• Javascript , Node

If you get the following error and need a solution, then look no further! npm ERR! code 1 npm ERR! path ./node_modules/node-sass npm ERR! command failed npm ERR! command sh -c node scripts/build.js npm ERR! gyp verb cli './node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js', npm ERR! gyp verb cli 'rebuild', npm ERR! gyp verb cli '--verbose', Option 1 – With npm First, remove the node-sass dependency from your package.json, then: npm install npm i sass npm start Option 2 – With yarn First, remove the node-sass dependency from your package.

How to Install Lodash through Yarn for React

May 19, 2022

• Javascript , Typescript

You can install lodash through yarn as follows: Step 1 – Install Lodash to get the Library yarn add lodash Step 2 – Get the Typescript info yarn add --dev @types/lodash

How to SHA256 a String in Golang

May 18, 2022

• Go

If you need to SHA256 a String in Go, then you can use the crypto/sha256 package. SHA256 a String in Go package main import ( "crypto/sha256" "fmt" ) func main() { s := "A sample string to SHA256!" h := sha256.New() h.Write([]byte(s)) bs := h.Sum(nil) fmt.Println(s) fmt.Printf("%x\n", bs) } The output will look like this: A sample string to SHA256! 9abf637c7e39cc4ef84d6d92cf7ffe168dc922b8ae666260d907e0353865ce89

How to Base64 Encode/Decode in Golang

May 17, 2022

• Go

Go ships with an encoding/base64 package that allows for encode and decoding of Base64 strings. Import the base64 package and then start using it! Base64 encode/decode a string package main import ( b64 "encoding/base64" "fmt" ) func main() { // define a string data := "This is a test string!" // Encode to Base64 sEnc := b64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(data)) fmt.Println(sEnc) // Decode from Base64 sDec, _ := b64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(sEnc) fmt.Println(string(sDec)) // URL Encode uEnc := b64.

How to Base64 Encode a String in Java

May 16, 2022

• Java

Quick solution In short, you can just do this: new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bytes)); Examples and an explanation In Java 8 and above, you just need to import the Base64 class: import java.util.Base64; Then use the Base64 static methods as follows: byte[] encodedBytes = Base64.getEncoder().encode("Test".getBytes()); System.out.println("encodedBytes " + new String(encodedBytes)); byte[] decodedBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(encodedBytes); System.out.println("decodedBytes " + new String(decodedBytes)); If you want to directly encode a string and get the result as an encoded string:

How to add a Lambda Environment Variable in Terraform

May 15, 2022

• Terraform

If you have an aws_lambda_function block that needs to make use of environment variables, then you can simply do the following: resource "aws_lambda_function" "test_lambda" { filename = "lambda_function_payload.zip" function_name = "lambda_function_name" runtime = "python3.9" ... environment { variables = { api_key = "secret-key" } } } The above example creates an environment variable called api_key with a value of secret-key

How to perform Array Element Parity in Golang

May 14, 2022

• Go

The challenge You will be given an array of integers whose elements have both a negative and a positive value, except for one integer that is either only negative or only positive. Your task will be to find that integer. Examples: [1, -1, 2, -2, 3] => 3 3 has no matching negative appearance [-3, 1, 2, 3, -1, -4, -2] => -4 -4 has no matching positive appearance [1, -1, 2, -2, 3, 3] => 3

How to Reverse Letters in Kotlin

May 13, 2022

• Kotlin

The challenge Given a string str, reverse it omitting all non-alphabetic characters. Examples: For str = "krishan", the output should be "nahsirk". For str = "ultr53o?n", the output should be "nortlu". Input/Output: [input] string str A string consists of lowercase Latin letters, digits, and symbols. [output] a string The solution in Kotlin Option 1: fun reverseLetter(str: String): String { return str.filter(Char::isLetter).reversed() } Option 2: fun reverseLetter(str: String) = str.reversed().filter{ it.isLetter() } Option 3:

How to Get the ASCII Value of Character in Kotlin

May 12, 2022

• Kotlin

The challenge Get the ASCII value of a character. The solution in Kotlin Option 1: val getAscii = Char::toInt Option 2: fun getAscii(c: Char) = c.code Option 3: fun getAscii(c: Char): Int { return c.code.toByte().toInt() } Test cases to validate our solution import kotlin.test.assertEquals import org.junit.Test class TestExample { @Test fun `Basic tests`() { assertEquals(65, getAscii('A')) assertEquals(32, getAscii(' ')) assertEquals(33, getAscii('!')) } }

How to update each dependency in package.json to the latest version

May 11, 2022

• Javascript

You have 2 options: Option 1 – Recommended (Using npx) npx npm-check-updates -u npm install Option 2 – Older way (Using npm globally) npm i -g npm-check-updates ncu -u npm install

How to Convert IPv4 to int32 in Javascript

May 10, 2022

• Javascript

The challenge Take the following IPv4 address: 128.32.10.1 This address has 4 octets where each octet is a single byte (or 8 bits). 1st octet 128 has the binary representation: 10000000 2nd octet 32 has the binary representation: 00100000 3rd octet 10 has the binary representation: 00001010 4th octet 1 has the binary representation: 00000001 So 128.32.10.1 == 10000000.00100000.00001010.00000001 Because the above IP address has 32 bits, we can represent it as the 32 bit number: 2149583361.

How to Solve the Grouped by Commas Challenge in Javascript

May 9, 2022

• Javascript

The challenge Finish the solution so that it takes an input n (integer) and returns a string that is the decimal representation of the number grouped by commas after every 3 digits. Assume: 0 <= n < 2147483647 Examples: 1 -> "1" 10 -> "10" 100 -> "100" 1000 -> "1,000" 10000 -> "10,000" 100000 -> "100,000" 1000000 -> "1,000,000" 35235235 -> "35,235,235" The solution in Javascript Option 1: function groupByCommas(n) { return n.

How to Save sed Output Directly to a File

May 8, 2022

• CLI , Linux

You have 3 options here: Option 1: use tee with sed sed 's/Hello/Hi/g' file-name | tee file Option 2: use > with sed sed 's/Hello/Hi/g' file-name > file Option 3: use sed with -i option sed -i 's/Hello/Hi/g' file-name

How to Convert BigNumber to Int/Number in Ethers/Web3

May 7, 2022

• Web3

If you have a BigNumber when using web3, then you can convert this to a regular Javascript Number using the ethers library as follows: ethers.BigNumber.from(max).toNumber() <a href="https://github.com/ethers-io/ethers.js/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Ethers</a> is a complete Ethereum library and wallet implementation in Javascript.

How to Create a Pyramid Array in Javascript

May 6, 2022

• Javascript

The challenge Write a function that when given a number >= 0, returns an Array of ascending length subarrays. pyramid(0) => [ ] pyramid(1) => [ [1] ] pyramid(2) => [ [1], [1, 1] ] pyramid(3) => [ [1], [1, 1], [1, 1, 1] ] Note: the subarrays should be filled with 1s The solution in Javascript Option 1: function pyramid(n) { const res = []; for(let i = 0; i < n; i++){ res.

How to Create a Reverse Polish Notation Calculator in Javascript

May 5, 2022

• Javascript

The challenge Your job is to create a calculator which evaluates expressions in Reverse Polish notation. For example expression 5 1 2 + 4 * + 3 - (which is equivalent to 5 + ((1 + 2) * 4) - 3 in normal notation) should evaluate to 14. For your convenience, the input is formatted such that a space is provided between every token. The empty expression should evaluate to ``.

How to declare a global variable in React?

May 4, 2022

• Javascript , React

If you need to declare a global variable in React, then you can do the following: Create a file called config.js module.exports = global.config = { something: { somethingelse: { amount: 123, name: "Andrew" } } }; Then import the config file where you need it: import './config'; Then where you need it in your code: global.config.something.somethingelse.amount or global.config.something.somethingelse.name

How to Find the Missing Term in an Arithmetic Progression in Javascript

May 3, 2022

• Javascript

The challenge An Arithmetic Progression is defined as one in which there is a constant difference between the consecutive terms of a given series of numbers. You are provided with consecutive elements of an Arithmetic Progression. There is however one hitch: exactly one term from the original series is missing from the set of numbers that have been given to you. The rest of the given series is the same as the original AP.

How to Count Characters in a Javascript String

May 2, 2022

• Javascript

The challenge The main idea is to count all the occurring characters in a string. If you have a string like aba, then the result should be {'a': 2, 'b': 1}. What if the string is empty? Then the result should be an empty object literal, {}. The solution in Javascript Option 1: function count (string) { var count = {}; string.split('').forEach(function(s) { count[s] ? count[s]++ : count[s] = 1; }); return count; } Option 2:

How to Increment/Decrement a value in React/NextJS

May 1, 2022

• Javascript , React

Use the following code block to get started: function GetCount() { const [count, setCount] = useState(1); const incrementCounter = () => { setCount(count+1) } const decrementCounter = () => { if (count>1) setCount(count-1) } return <div className="_counterWrapper"> <span className="_dec" onClick={() => decrementCounter()}>-</span> <span className="_val">{count}</span> <span className="_inc" onClick={() => incrementCounter()}>+</span> </div> } Then in your HTML code, add it like this: <GetCount />

How to disable text selection highlighting in CSS

April 30, 2022

• Css

If you would like to disable the text selection highlighting that is enabled by default on all browsers, then you can do this: user-select: none; If you are concerned about cross-browser support, then use this class: .noselect { -webkit-touch-callout: none; /* iOS Safari */ -webkit-user-select: none; /* Safari */ -khtml-user-select: none; /* Konqueror HTML */ -moz-user-select: none; /* Old versions of Firefox */ -ms-user-select: none; /* Internet Explorer/Edge */ user-select: none; /* Non-prefixed version, currently supported by Chrome, Edge, Opera and Firefox */ } You can then use it like this:

Irreducible Sum of Rationals in Golang

April 29, 2022

• Go

The challenge You will have a list of rationals in the form: lst = [ [numer_1, denom_1] , ... , [numer_n, denom_n] ] where all numbers are positive integers. You have to produce their sum N / D in an irreducible form: this means that N and D have only 1 as a common divisor. Return the result in the form: "N/D" If the result is an integer (D evenly divides N) return: "n"

How to copy S3 objects between AWS accounts

April 28, 2022

• Aws , CLI , S3

In your source account create a customer-managed policy: { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "s3:ListBucket", "s3:GetObject" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::source-EXAMPLE-BUCKET", "arn:aws:s3:::source-EXAMPLE-BUCKET/*" ] }, { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "s3:ListBucket", "s3:PutObject", "s3:PutObjectAcl" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::destination-EXAMPLE-BUCKET", "arn:aws:s3:::destination-EXAMPLE-BUCKET/*" ] } ] } In your destination bucket, update the bucket policy: { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::1234567890:user/Andrew" }, "Action": "s3:PutObject", "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::destination-EXAMPLE-BUCKET/*", "Condition": { "StringEquals": { "s3:x-amz-acl": "bucket-owner-full-control" } } }, { "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::1234567890:user/Andrew" }, "Action": "s3:ListBucket", "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::destination-EXAMPLE-BUCKET" } ] } Testing the S3 copy between accounts:

How to find all symlinks in a directory tree on Mac

April 27, 2022

• CLI , MAC

If you need to recursively find all symbolic links in a directory tree on a Mac, then you have a couple of options. You could be trying to find them because a tool like Dropbox is consuming high CPU and you need to remove them, or perhaps you want to move a directory to another machine or network drive and verifying a package is required. Option 1 – View all files that are symlinks ls -lR .

How to Install App Mesh on AWS EKS

April 26, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

You can follow the steps below to install App Mesh on AWS EKS (Kubernetes). Step 1 – Prerequisites curl -o pre_upgrade_check.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aws/eks-charts/master/stable/appmesh-controller/upgrade/pre_upgrade_check.sh sh ./pre_upgrade_check.sh Step 2 – Add Helm Repo helm repo add eks https://aws.github.io/eks-charts Step 3 – Add Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs) kubectl apply -k "https://github.com/aws/eks-charts/stable/appmesh-controller/crds?ref=master" Step 4 – Create a Namespace for App Mesh kubectl create ns appmesh-system Step 5 – Set Environment Variables You will need to set a couple of environment variables to make things easier later.

[Solved] Kubernetes Namespace stuck in Terminating state

April 25, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you have tried to delete a Kubernetes namespace, and it has been hanging in ‘deleting’ for hours on end, it’s likely that you have dangling resources that have not deleted yet. $ kubectl get ns NAME STATUS AGE apps Active 2d19h default Active 3d8h my-apps Terminating 11h This will prevent the namespace from being removed. How to find resources that need to be deleted You can chain the api-resources verbs along with a kubectl get to find dangling resources:

[Solved] Error creating: pods “my-service-a-xxx” is forbidden: error looking up service account my-apps/my-service-a: serviceaccount “my-service-a” not found

April 24, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

So you’ve run a deployment and tried to check the pods and there’s nothing there! kubectl get pods Next step is to see what’s happening with the replicaset kubectl get rs Then take the replicaset name and do a describe on it: kubectl describe rs my-service-a-5549cbc6c8 The error Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Warning FailedCreate 2m10s.. replicaset-controller Error creating: pods "my-service-a-5549cbc6c8-" is forbidden: error looking up service account my-apps/my-service-a: serviceaccount "my-service-a" not found It’s down to a missing Service Account!

[Solved] error: src refspec main does not match any

April 23, 2022

• CLI , Git

If you get the following error: error: src refspec main does not match any error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/ao/xxx.git' This is because you probably haven’t committed any files to git yet! Fix for: src refspec main does not match any Make sure to add your files, if they have not been added yet: git add . Commit your files: git commit -m "your commit message" Push your changes to the git repo, remember to swap out the branch name as appropriate:

How to Force a Redeploy in Kubernetes

April 22, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you need to force a redeploy of a deployment in Kubernetes , then you can use the rollout feature. You may have an image that has been updated, but without changing the tag/version. Step 1 – Optionally update the imagePullPolicy If you have not changed the image version, then check your imagePullPolicy. In your deployment.yaml file: containers: - name: backend image: aoms/mock_backend_python:latest imagePullPolicy: Always Step 2 – Get the deployment name kubectl get deploy Step 3 – Force the Redeployment kubectl rollout restart deploy backend

How to Print to stdout in Flask using Python

April 21, 2022

• Python

If you are trying to print() to the console/stdout in your Flask app, but nothing is happening, then you just need to flush your prints, as follows: print('This will print', flush=True)

How to Restart a Deployment in Kubernetes

April 20, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you need to restart a deployment in Kubernetes, perhaps because you would like to force a cycle of pods, then you can do the following: Step 1 – Get the deployment name kubectl get deployment Step 2 – Restart the deployment kubectl rollout restart deployment <deployment_name>

How to push multiple Dockerfile apps to AWS ECR at the same time

April 19, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Docker

I have a parent directory containing multiple sub-directories. Each of these child directories is a different application and contains a Dockerfile. I want to build and push each image to AWS ECR. The directory looks as follows: ├── apps ├── microservice1 ├── app.js ├── Dockerfile ├── package.json └── readiness.txt ├── frontend ├── Dockerfile ├── index.html ├── package.json ├── server.js ├── microservice2 ├── app.py ├── bootstrap.sh ├── Dockerfile └── requirements.txt Notice there are 3 apps, each with their own Dockerfile, under the parent apps directory.

How to Create a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler in Kubernetes

April 18, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you could like to a create a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (hpa) in Kubernetes, then you could run the following: Step 1 – Create a Deployment If you already have a deployment, then ignore this step, otherwise: kubectl create deployment php-apache --image=us.gcr.io/k8s-artifacts-prod/hpa-example kubectl set resources deploy php-apache --requests=cpu=200m kubectl expose deploy php-apache --port 80 kubectl get pod -l app=php-apache Step 2 – Create a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler kubectl autoscale deployment php-apache `#The target average CPU utilization` \ --cpu-percent=50 \ --min=1 `#The lower limit for the number of pods that can be set by the autoscaler` \ --max=10 `#The upper limit for the number of pods that can be set by the autoscaler` Step 3 – Get your hpa kubectl get hpa

How to Run a Load Generator on Kubernetes

April 17, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you would like to test hpa, Horizontal Pod Autoscaling, or throw some chaos at a specific deployment in Kubernetes , then you could run a Load Generator Step 1 – Run a BusyBox container The following command will use a busybox container and dump you into it’s shell window: kubectl run -i --tty load-generator --image=busybox /bin/sh As an alternative, you could also run: kubectl --generator=run-pod/v1 run -i --tty load-generator --image=busybox /bin/sh Step 2 – Run a wget loop You can now trigger a wget loop to make HTTP request calls to your deployment:

How to Deploy a Metrics Server in Kubernetes

April 16, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you would like to deploy a Metrics Server in Kubernetes , then you first need to create a namespace for it to live it, followed by installing the actual metrics server. Step 1 – Install the Metrics Server Using kubectl kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/download/v0.5.0/components.yaml Using helm kubectl create namespace metrics helm install metrics-server \ stable/metrics-server \ --version 2.9.0 \ --namepsace metrics Step 2 – Get the Metrics Server Status If you used kubectl above, then you should be able to run:

How to create an AWS EKS cluster using eksctl

April 15, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Kubernetes

eksctl dramatically simplifies the creation of AWS EKS clusters, by providing a simple command-line interface. Step 1 – Define a Cluster YAML You can either create a file called ekscluster.yaml and place the YAML in, or run the following command which will create a file called ekscluster.yaml and automatically add the default YAML configuration for you. cat << EOF > ekscluster.yaml --- apiVersion: eksctl.io/v1alpha5 kind: ClusterConfig metadata: name: eksworkshop-eksctl region: ${AWS_REGION} version: "1.

How to Dockerize a Flask App

April 14, 2022

• CLI , Docker , Python

If you have a Flask app that you would like packaged in a Docker container, then you can do the following. The steps outlined below will help you create the following directory tree: └── flaskapp ├── Dockerfile ├── app.py └── requirements.txt Step 1 – Create your Flask app In a new directory, create the following files: app.py from flask import Flask app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/') def hello_geek(): return '<h1>Hello world!</h2>' if __name__ == "__main__": app.

How to get an EKS Cluster name from an AWS Region

April 13, 2022

• Aws , CLI

You can use the aws cli to get the EKS cluster name, parse the first result and return it into a variable. EKS_CLUSTER_NAME=$(aws eks list-clusters --region us-west-2 --query clusters[0] --output text) echo $EKS_CLUSTER_NAME

How to automatically generate a Manifests file in Kubernetes

April 12, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you want to automatically generate a manifest file in Kubernetes, you can do so by using the kubectl run command coupled with a --dry-run to output directly to yaml. kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --expose --dry-run -o yaml You can also output this directly to a file on disk as follows: kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --expose --dry-run -o yaml > your-deployment-manifest.yaml

How to Sort Pods by CreationTimestamp in Kubernetes

April 11, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you need to sort a list of your pods by their CreationTimestamp, then do the following: kubectl get pods -n kube-system --sort-by=metadata.creationTimestamp A better way to specify the JSON path is: kubectl get pods -n kube-system --sort-by='{.metadata.creationTimestamp}'

How to Jump onto a Kubernetes Pod with Bash

April 10, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you want to jump onto a particular Kubernetes Pod and run Bash within it, you can do so as follows: kubectl exec -ti <pod_name> /bin/bash You can get the <pod_name> by running kubectl get pods

How to run Shell Commands in a Kubernetes Cluster

April 9, 2022

• CLI , Kubernetes

If you would like to run shell commands inside of your Kubernetes cluster, then you can use the kubectl run command. What the syntax looks like kubectl run --image=<imagename> <name> -restart=Never -it --rm -- /bin/sh -c "<command>" Breaking this down, you pass in an imagename which is the container image you would like to execute the commands in, the name of this temporary container, and then command you would like to run in it.

How to Bulk Move All Email from One Account to Another using the CLI

April 8, 2022

• CLI , Linux , MAC

If you find yourself in a position where you need to sync all emails from one account to another, then you can use the imapsync command-line tool to bulk copy, or move everything for you. Step 1 – Get imapsync You need to get the imapsync tool running locally. It can be found here https://github.com/imapsync/imapsync Alternatively, if you are using a Mac and have homebrew installed, then you’re in luck!

How to Install AWS CLI on Linux

April 7, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Linux

You can download and install the AWS CLI on Linux as follows: Perform the install curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip" unzip awscliv2.zip sudo ./aws/install Verify the install aws --version

How to Reboot Networking on Mac from CLI

April 6, 2022

• CLI , Linux , MAC

If you need to reboot, or restart the networking interface on your Mac, by using the CLI, then you can issue the following commands: Using the ifconfig primary interface Tear down the networking interface sudo ifconfig en0 down Restart the networking interface sudo ifconfig en0 up Verify the networking restart ifconfig -u en0 Alternative without sudo, using networksetup If you need to perform the same result, but not able to run sudo, then look to the networksetup.

[Solved] fatal: unable to access <git>: SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate in certificate chain

April 5, 2022

• CLI , Git

If you get the following error: fatal: unable to access &lt;git&gt;: SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate in certificate chain ..when trying to clone a git repo, then you can quickly get around it by doing one of the following. Note that both of these solutions are merely workarounds and should be done at absolute worst case. Workaround Solution 1 Disable SSL verification while running the git clone. git -c http.

How to Extract the Files in a Docker Image

April 4, 2022

• CLI , Docker

Ever needed to extract the files in a Docker container? Docker provides the save sub-command. Exporting Docker files into a Tar Archive The examples below use a Docker container called: aoms/hellojava Swap this out with your own container as required. docker save aoms/hellojava &gt; hellojava.tar hellojava.tar now contains a list of files found in the Docker image. Taking it one step further You can make this a bit better by extracting it into a new directory and untarring automatically:

[Solved] Error response from daemon: No such image: Docker

April 3, 2022

• CLI , Docker

If you&rsquo;ve run into this dreaded error: Error response from daemon: No such image: Then you can solve it as follows: Step 1 Perform a docker pull -a &lt;org/image&gt; Then perform a docker images -a to see what the version is. Step 2 This issue can occur when it is trying to map tag to latest, but a specific version is explicitly listed instead. docker tag &lt;org&gt;/&lt;image&gt;:v1 &lt;new_org&gt;/&lt;image&gt; Make sure to replace :v1 with the specific TAG that was shown from the docker images command above.

How to Bootstrap a Web Server on AWS EC2

April 2, 2022

• Aws

When you launch an EC2 instance, you can use the user-data to bootstrap a instance creation script. We can use the following code to start a web server and echo out it&rsquo;s instance id: #!/bin/bash yum update -y yum install -y httpd systemctl start httpd systemctl enable httpd echo &#34;&lt;h1&gt;Hello World from $(hostname -f)&lt;/h1&gt;&#34; &gt; /var/www/html/index.html Steps to create a new bootstrapped instance Step 1 – Launch a new instance Login to your EC2 console and click Launch instances.

How to Update Kubectl Config from AWS EKS

April 1, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Kubernetes

Ever searched for kubectl update config from aws eks and needed a quick result? Step 1 – Validate AWS CLI Make sure that you have valid AWS Credentials setup in your aws cli. You can check this by typing: aws sts get-caller-identity This will let you know where your aws cli is pointing to. You may need to update your ~/.aws/credentials file with a profile_name, aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key and aws_session_token if these are generated for you by your Single Sign On (SSO).

How to Generate a Random String in Java

March 31, 2022

• Java

Java provides many ways to generate random strings. 1. Using Apache Commons public void generatingRandomAlphanumericString_ApacheCommons() { String generatedString = RandomStringUtils.randomAlphanumeric(10); System.out.println(generatedString); } 2. Using Java 8 public void generatingRandomAlphanumericString_Java8() { int leftLimit = 48; // numeral &#39;0&#39; int rightLimit = 122; // letter &#39;z&#39; int targetStringLength = 10; Random random = new Random(); String generatedString = random.ints(leftLimit, rightLimit + 1) .filter(i -&gt; (i &lt;= 57 || i &gt;= 65) &amp;&amp; (i &lt;= 90 || i &gt;= 97)) .

How to Generate a Random String in Python

March 30, 2022

• Python

Python gives the ability to generate random strings out of the box, by using a combination of the string and random modules. import string import random # How many characters do you want S = 10 # Call random.choices() string module to find the string in Uppercase + numeric data. ran = &#39;&#39;.join(random.choices(string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits, k = S)) # Print the result print(&#34;The randomly generated string is : &#34; + str(ran))

How to Generate a Random Number/String in Terraform

March 29, 2022

• Terraform

If you need to generate a random number or string in Terraform, then you can use the following: resource &#34;random_id&#34; &#34;myrandom&#34; { keepers = { first = &#34;${timestamp()}&#34; } byte_length = 8 } Then refer to it as: random_id.myrandom.hex

[Solved] Unable to connect to the server: dial tcp: lookup with AWS EKS

March 28, 2022

• Aws , Kubernetes , Terraform

If you have received the following error while trying to issue commands to kubectl: Unable to connect to the server: dial tcp: lookup Then it may be due to your kube-config being out of date. You might just need to update the local kube-config. How to update the local kube-config Make sure to replace eu-west-1 with your cluster&rsquo;s region, and replace cluster_name with the name of your EKS cluster. aws eks --region &#34;eu-west-1&#34; update-kubeconfig --name &#34;cluster_name&#34; How to update kube-config from Terraform state aws eks --region $(terraform output -raw region) update-kubeconfig --name $(terraform output -raw cluster_name) The above code makes use of the Terraform state&rsquo;s output from when you generated the cluster.

How to Store Terraform State in AWS S3

March 27, 2022

• Aws , Terraform

Storing Terraform states files locally is not recommended. Instead you should use a backend such as as S3 from AWS. To do this, you just need to add the following backend information in a terraform block in your code: terraform { backend &#34;s3&#34; { bucket = &#34;mybucket&#34; key = &#34;path/to/my/key&#34; region = &#34;eu-west-1&#34; } }

[Solved] ZipArchive extension: disabled/not installed on Ubuntu

March 26, 2022

• CLI , Linux , Ubuntu

If you have come across the following error: ZipArchive extension:&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;disabled/not installed&lt;/strong&gt; This just means that you are missing the php-zip module. How to fix the ZipArchive extension problem Run the following command: sudo apt-get install -y php-zip Now restart Apache2, and you&rsquo;re good! service apache2 restart

Calculating Cartesian Neighbors Distance in Golang

March 25, 2022

• Go

The challenge We have been searching for all the neighboring points in a Cartesian coordinate system. As we know each point in a coordinate system has eight neighboring points when we search it by range equal to 1, but now we will change the range by the third argument of our function (range is always greater than zero). For example, if range = 2, count of neighboring points = 24. In this challenge, a grid step is the same (= 1).

How to Calculate Dominant Primes in Golang

March 24, 2022

• Go

The challenge The prime number sequence starts with: 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19.... Notice that 2 is in position one. 3 occupies position two, which is a prime-numbered position. Similarly, 5, 11 and 17 also occupy prime-numbered positions. We shall call primes such as 3,5,11,17 dominant primes because they occupy prime-numbered positions in the prime number sequence. Let&rsquo;s call this listA. As you can see from listA, for the prime range range(0,10), there are only two dominant primes (3 and 5) and the sum of these primes is: 3 + 5 = 8.

[Solved] error: src refspec main does not match

March 23, 2022

• CLI , Git

When you first try and push to a git repository, you may get the following error message: error: src refspec master does not match any. error: failed to push some refs to &#39;git@github ... .git&#39; This is because you have not committed your files! How to Fix src refspec main does not match git commit -m &#34;initial commit&#34; git push origin main The above code will commit your files that are staged, before pushing them to your desired branch.

How to Solve Simple Square Numbers in Golang

March 22, 2022

• Go

The challenge In this challenge, you will be given a number n (n &gt; 0) and your task will be to return the smallest square number N (N &gt; 0) such that n + N is also a perfect square. If there is no answer, return -1 (nil in Clojure, Nothing in Haskell, None in Rust). solve 13 = 36 &lt;em&gt;; because 36 is the smallest perfect square that can be added to 13 to form a perfect square =&gt; 13 + 36 = 49&lt;/em&gt; solve 3 = 1 &lt;em&gt;; 3 + 1 = 4, a perfect square&lt;/em&gt; solve 12 = 4 &lt;em&gt;; 12 + 4 = 16, a perfect square&lt;/em&gt; solve 9 = 16 solve 4 = nil The solution in Golang Option 1:

How to perform Function Iteration in Golang

March 21, 2022

• Go

The challenge The purpose of this challenge is to write a higher-order function returning a new function that iterates on a specified function a given number of times. This new function takes in an argument as a seed to start the computation. For instance, consider the function getDouble. When run twice on value 3, yields 12 as shown below. getDouble(3) =&gt; 6 getDouble(6) =&gt; 12 Let us name the new function createIterator and we should be able to obtain the same result using createIterator as shown below:

Determining Integer Depth in Python

March 20, 2022

• Python

The challenge The depth of an integer n is defined to be how many multiples of n it is necessary to compute before all 10 digits have appeared at least once in some multiple. Example: let see n=42 Multiple value digits comment 42*1 42 2,4 42*2 84 8 4 existed 42*3 126 1,6 2 existed 42*4 168 - all existed 42*5 210 0 2,1 existed 42*6 252 5 2 existed 42*7 294 9 2,4 existed 42*8 336 3 6 existed 42*9 378 7 3,8 existed Looking at the above table under digits column you can find all the digits from `` to 9, Hence it required 9 multiples of 42 to get all the digits.

How to Reverse a singly-linked list in Python

March 19, 2022

• Python

The challenge Implement a function reverse_list that takes a singly-linked list of nodes and returns a matching list in the reverse order. Assume the presence of a class Node, which exposes the property value/Value and next/Next. next must either be set to the next Node in the list, or to None (or null) to indicate the end of the list. To assist in writing tests, a function make_linked_list (Node.asLinkedList() in Java) has also been defined, which converts a python list to a linked list of Node.

Calculating Simple Time Difference in Python

March 18, 2022

• Python

The challenge In this challenge, you will be given a series of times at which an alarm goes off. Your task will be to determine the maximum time interval between alarms. Each alarm starts ringing at the beginning of the corresponding minute and rings for exactly one minute. The times in the array are not in chronological order. Ignore duplicate times, if any. Examples: # If the alarm goes off now, it will not go off for another 23 hours and 59 minutes.

Calculating Odd/Even number of divisors in Python

March 17, 2022

• Python

The challenge Given an integer n return &quot;odd&quot; if the number of its divisors is odd. Otherwise, return &quot;even&quot;. Note: big inputs will be tested. Examples: All prime numbers have exactly two divisors (hence &quot;even&quot;). For n = 12 the divisors are [1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12] – &quot;even&quot;. For n = 4 the divisors are [1, 2, 4] – &quot;odd&quot;. The solution in Python code Option 1: def oddity(n): #your code here return &#39;odd&#39; if n**0.

Calculate possibilities of throwing a coin N times in Python

March 16, 2022

• Python

The challenge In this challenge, you will be given an integer n, which is the number of times that is thrown a coin. You will have to return an array of strings for all the possibilities (heads[H] and tails[T]). Examples: coin(1) should return {&quot;H&quot;, &quot;T&quot;} coin(2) should return {&quot;HH&quot;, &quot;HT&quot;, &quot;TH&quot;, &quot;TT&quot;} coin(3) should return {&quot;HHH&quot;, &quot;HHT&quot;, &quot;HTH&quot;, &quot;HTT&quot;, &quot;THH&quot;, &quot;THT&quot;, &quot;TTH&quot;, &quot;TTT&quot;} When finished sort them alphabetically. In C and C++ just return a char* with all elements separated by, (without space):

How to Convert Integer to Whitespace format in Python

March 15, 2022

• Python

The challenge Hereinafter, [space] refers to &quot; &quot;, [tab] refers to &quot;\t&quot;, and [LF] refers to &quot;\n&quot; for illustrative purposes. This does not mean that you can use these placeholders in your solution. In esoteric language called Whitespace, numbers are represented in the following format: first character represents the sign: [space] for plus, [tab] for minus; characters after that and until [LF] are the binary representation of the integer: [space] for 0, [tab] for 1.

How to Perform Frog Jumping in Python

March 14, 2022

• Python

The challenge You have an array of integers and have a frog at the first position [Frog, int, int, int, ..., int] The integer itself may tell you the length and the direction of the jump For instance: 2 = jump two indices to the right -3 = jump three indices to the left 0 = stay at the same position Your objective is to find how many jumps are needed to jump out of the array.

How to Calculate the area of a regular N sides polygon inside a circle of radius R in Python

March 13, 2022

• Python

The challenge Write the following function: def area_of_polygon_inside_circle(circle_radius, number_of_sides): It should calculate the area of a regular polygon of numberOfSides, number-of-sides, or number_of_sides sides inside a circle of radius circleRadius, circle-radius, or circle_radius which passes through all the vertices of the polygon (such a circle is called circumscribed circle or circumcircle). The answer should be a number rounded to 3 decimal places. Input/Output Examples area_of_polygon_inside_circle(3, 3) # returns 11.691 area_of_polygon_inside_circle(5.8, 7) # returns 92.

How to create an Image Host Filename Generator in Python

March 12, 2022

• Python

The challenge You are developing an image hosting website. You have to create a function for generating random and unique image filenames. Create a function for generating a random 6 character string that will be used to access the photo URL. To make sure the name is not already in use, you are given access to a PhotoManager object. You can call it like so to make sure the name is unique

How to Find the Missing Alphabets in Python

March 11, 2022

• Python

The challenge Task Given string s, which contains only letters from a to z in lowercase. A set of the alphabet is given by abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz. 2 sets of alphabets mean 2 or more alphabets. Your task is to find the missing letter(s). You may need to output them by the order a-z. It is possible that there is more than one missing letter from more than one set of alphabet.

How to move MySQL database to another drive

March 10, 2022

• My SQL

Step 1: Login to your MySQL server, enter your password when prompted: mysql -u root -p Find out where the data directory is located: mysql&gt; select @@datadir; Output +-----------------+ | @@datadir | +-----------------+ | /var/lib/mysql/ | +-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) Step 2: Now you can stop the server and check the status: sudo systemctl stop mysql sudo systemctl status mysql It&rsquo;s time to make a copy to your new mount location:

How to Find the Sum of Prime-Indexed Elements in Go

March 9, 2022

• Go

The challenge You will be given an integer array and your task is to return the sum of elements occupying prime-numbered indices. The first element of the array is at index ``. The solution in Golang Option 1: package solution import &#34;math/big&#34; func Solve(arr []int) int { c := 0 for i := 0; i &lt; len(arr); i++ { n := arr[i] if big.NewInt(int64(i)).ProbablyPrime(0) { c += n } } return c } Option 2:

How to Find the Longest Substring in Alphabetical Order in Python

March 8, 2022

• Python

The challenge Find the longest substring in alphabetical order. Example: the longest alphabetical substring in &quot;asdfaaaabbbbcttavvfffffdf&quot; is &quot;aaaabbbbctt&quot;. Overview: There are tests with strings up to 10 000 characters long so your code will need to be efficient. The input will only consist of lowercase characters and will be at least one letter long. If there are multiple solutions, return the one that appears first. The solution in Python Option 1:

Calculate the Most Frequent Weekdays in Go

March 7, 2022

• Go

The challenge What is your favourite day of the week? Check if it&rsquo;s the most frequent day of the week in the year. You are given a year as integer (e. g. 2001). You should return the most frequent day(s) of the week in that year. The result has to be a list of days sorted by the order of days in week (e. g. ['Monday', 'Tuesday'], ['Saturday', 'Sunday'], ['Monday', 'Sunday']).

Return Index of Matching Closing Bracket in Go

March 6, 2022

• Go

The challenge In this challenge, you will be given a string with brackets and an index of an opening bracket and your task will be to return the index of the matching closing bracket. Both the input and returned index are 0-based. An opening brace will always have a closing brace. Return an error if there is no answer. Examples: solve(&#34;((1)23(45))(aB)&#34;, 0) = 10 // the opening brace at index 0 matches the closing brace at index 10 solve(&#34;((1)23(45))(aB)&#34;, 1) = 3 solve(&#34;((1)23(45))(aB)&#34;, 2) = -1 // there is no opening bracket at index 2, so return -1 solve(&#34;((1)23(45))(aB)&#34;, 6) = 9 solve(&#34;((1)23(45))(aB)&#34;, 11) = 14 solve(&#34;((&gt;)|?

How to Presign an S3 URL in AWS using AWS CLI

March 5, 2022

• Aws , CLI

You can use the AWS CLI to presign URLs so that objects in S3 can be shared publicly even if they are set as private. Presigned URLs are great for sharing private files in an S3 bucket aws s3 presign s3://&lt;bucket&gt;/&lt;file.jpg&gt; This can also be coupled with an expiry duration: aws s3 presign s3://&lt;bucket&gt;/&lt;file.jpg&gt; --expires-in 3600

How to Download using Aria2c with Multiple Connections

March 4, 2022

• CLI

If you use aria2c to download files using the command-line, then you can also use it to download using multiple connections. aria2c -x16 -s16 &lt;url&gt; -x**, –max-connection-per-server=** The maximum number of connections to one server for each download. Default: 1 -s**, –-split=** Download a file using N connections. Default: 5

How to Parse HTML/CSS Colors in Java

March 3, 2022

• Java

The challenge In this challenge, you parse RGB colors represented by strings. The formats are primarily used in HTML and CSS. Your task is to implement a function that takes a color as a string and returns the parsed color as a map (see Examples). Inputs: The input string represents one of the following: 6-digit hexadecimal – &ldquo;#RRGGBB&rdquo; e.g. &ldquo;#012345&rdquo;, &ldquo;#789abc&rdquo;, &ldquo;#FFA077&rdquo; Each pair of digits represents a value of the channel in hexadecimal: 00 to FF 3-digit hexadecimal – &ldquo;#RGB&rdquo;

Solving Simple Transposition in Java

March 2, 2022

• Java

The challenge Simple transposition is a basic and simple cryptography technique. We make 2 rows and put first a letter in Row 1, the second in Row 2, third in Row 1, and so on until the end. Then we put the text from Row 2 next to the Row 1 text and that&rsquo;s it. Complete the function that receives a string and encrypts it with this simple transposition. Example: For example, if the text to encrypt is: &quot;Simple text&quot;, the 2 rows will be:

How to Binary to Text (ASCII) Conversion in Python

March 1, 2022

• Python

The challenge Write a function that takes in a binary string and returns the equivalent decoded text (the text is ASCII encoded). Each 8 bits on the binary string represent 1 character on the ASCII table. The input string will always be a valid binary string. Characters can be in the range from &ldquo;00000000&rdquo; to &ldquo;11111111&rdquo; (inclusive) Note: In the case of an empty binary string your function should return an empty string.

How to Find the Row of the Odd Triangle in Python

February 28, 2022

• Python

The challenge Given a triangle of consecutive odd numbers: 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 ... find the triangle&rsquo;s row knowing its index (the rows are 1-indexed), e.g.: odd_row(1) == [1] odd_row(2) == [3, 5] odd_row(3) == [7, 9, 11] Note: your code should be optimized to handle big inputs. The solution in Python code Option 1: def odd_row(n): m = (n - 1) * n + 1 return [*range(m, m + n * 2, 2)] Option 2:

Solving Number Zoo Patrol in Python

February 27, 2022

• Python

The challenge Write a function that takes a shuffled list of unique numbers from 1 to n with one element missing (which can be any number including n). Return this missing number. Note: huge lists will be tested. Examples: [1, 3, 4] =&gt; 2 [1, 2, 3] =&gt; 4 [4, 2, 3] =&gt; 1 The solution in Python code Option 1: def find_missing_number(a): n = len(a) + 1 return n * (n + 1) // 2 - sum(a) Option 2:

Common AWS CDK CLI Commands

February 26, 2022

• Aws

The AWS Cloud Development Kit (CDK) comes with numerous CLI commands. Command Function cdk list (ls) Lists the stacks in the application cdk synthesize (synth) Synthesizes and prints the AWS CloudFormation template for the specified stack or stacks cdk bootstrap Deploys the AWS CDK Toolkit stack, required to deploy stacks containing assets cdk deploy Deploys the specified stacks cdk destroy Destroys the specified stacks cdk diff Compares the specified stack with the deployed stack or a local AWS CloudFormation template cdk metadata Displays metadata about the specified stack cdk init Creates a new AWS CDK project in the current directory from a specified template cdk context Manages cached context values cdk docs (doc) Opens the AWS CDK API reference in your browser cdk doctor Checks your AWS CDK project for potential problems Learn more about AWS CDK here , or read the Official Guides here .

How to Create an S3 bucket with PublicRead in CloudFormation

February 25, 2022

• Aws

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09 Description: Basic S3 Bucket CloudFormation template Resources: S3BucketForWebsiteContent: Type: AWS::S3::Bucket Properties: AccessControl: PublicRead Outputs: BucketName: Value: !Ref S3BucketForWebsiteContent Description: Name of the newly created Amazon S3 Distribution

How to Create a VPC in CloudFormation

February 24, 2022

• Aws

It&rsquo;s very easy to deploy a VPC using CloudFormation: AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09 Description: Deploy a VPC Resources: VPC: Type: AWS::EC2::VPC Properties: CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/16 EnableDnsHostnames: true Tags: - Key: Name Value: Lab VPC &lt;meta charset=&#34;utf-8&#34;&gt;Outputs: VPC: Description: VPC Value: !Ref VPC This will also output the created VPC resource information. But what if you also want to create Subnets and an attached Internet Gateway? AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09 Description: Deploy a VPC Resources: VPC: Type: AWS::EC2::VPC Properties: CidrBlock: 10.

How to Setup Git on EC2 for AWS CodeCommit

February 23, 2022

• Aws

Connect to the instance: chmod 400 KEYPAIR.pem ssh -i KEYPAIR.pem ec2-user@EC2PublicIP Install Git: sudo yum install -y git Setup Git Credential Helper: git config --global credential.helper &#39;!aws codecommit credential-helper $@&#39; git config --global credential.UseHttpPath true Now you can clone the CodeCommit repo which will look something like the following: https:&amp;#47;&amp;#47;git-codecommit.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/v1/repos/My-Repo

The Difference of 2 in Java

February 22, 2022

• Java

The challenge The objective is to return all pairs of integers from a given array of integers that have a difference of 2. The resulting array should be sorted in ascending order of values. Assume there are no duplicate integers in the array. The order of the integers in the input array should not matter. Examples: [1, 2, 3, 4] should return [[1, 3], [2, 4]] [4, 1, 2, 3] should also return [[1, 3], [2, 4]] [1, 23, 3, 4, 7] should return [[1, 3]] [4, 3, 1, 5, 6] should return [[1, 3], [3, 5], [4, 6]] The solution in Java code Option 1:

How to Make the Deadfish Swim in Java

February 21, 2022

• Java

The challenge Write a simple parser that will parse and run Deadfish. Deadfish has 4 commands, each 1 character long: i increments the value (initially ``) d decrements the value s squares the value o outputs the value into the return array Invalid characters should be ignored. Deadfish.parse(&#34;iiisdoso&#34;) =- new int[] {8, 64}; The solution in Java code Option 1: import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class DeadFish { public static int[] parse(String data) { int value = 0; List&lt;Integer&gt; result = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(); for(char letter : data.

How to Write Number in Expanded Form in Java

February 20, 2022

• Java

The challenge You will be given a number and you will need to return it as a string in Expanded Form. Examples: Challenge.expandedForm(12); // Should return &#34;10 + 2&#34; Challenge.expandedForm(42); // Should return &#34;40 + 2&#34; Challenge.expandedForm(70304); // Should return &#34;70000 + 300 + 4&#34; NOTE: All numbers will be whole numbers greater than 0. The solution in Java code Option 1: public class Challenge { public static String expandedForm(int num) { StringBuffer res = new StringBuffer(); int d = 1; while(num &gt; 0) { int nextDigit = num % 10; num /= 10; if (nextDigit &gt; 0) { res.

Is a Number Prime in Java

February 19, 2022

• Java

The challenge Define a function that takes one integer argument and returns a logical value true or false depending on if the integer is a prime. Per Wikipedia, a prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. Requirements: You can assume you will be given an integer input. You can not assume that the integer will be only positive.

How to Calculate Minutes to Midnight in Java

February 18, 2022

• Java

The challenge Write a function minutesToMidnight(d) that will take a date object as the parameter. Return the number of minutes in the following format: &ldquo;x minute(s)&rdquo; You will always get a date object with of today with a random timestamp. You have to round the number of minutes. Milliseconds don&rsquo;t matter!Some examples: 10.00 am =&gt; &quot;840 minutes&quot; 23.59 pm =&gt; &quot;1 minute&quot; The solution in Java code Option 1: import java.

How to Change the Timestamp of a File on Mac/Linux

February 17, 2022

• CLI , Linux , MAC

If you have a file on your machine, and you want to change the created/modified time/date stamp, then you can use the touch command. touch -t 202202011308.57 someFile.jpg In the above example, the timestamp will be changed to &lt;meta charset=&quot;utf-8&quot;&gt;2022-02-01 13:08:57. Simply remove all non-decimal characters and place a period before the seconds.

How to Round up to the Next Multiple of 5 in Python

February 16, 2022

• Python

The challenge Given an integer as input, can you round it to the next (meaning, &ldquo;higher&rdquo;) multiple of 5? Examples: input: output: 0 -&gt; 0 2 -&gt; 5 3 -&gt; 5 12 -&gt; 15 21 -&gt; 25 30 -&gt; 30 -2 -&gt; 0 -5 -&gt; -5 etc. Input may be any positive or negative integer (including 0). You can assume that all inputs are valid integers. The solution in Python code Option 1:

How to get the Sum of the First nth Term of a Series in Java

February 15, 2022

• Java

The challenge Your task is to write a function that returns the sum of the following series up to nth term(parameter). Series: 1 + 1/4 + 1/7 + 1/10 + 1/13 + 1/16 +... Rules: You need to round the answer to 2 decimal places and return it as String. If the given value is 0 then it should return 0.00 You will only be given Natural Numbers as arguments. Examples: (Input &#8211;> Output) 1 --&gt; 1 --&gt; &#34;1.

How to satisfy Wilson Primes in Python

February 14, 2022

• Python

The challenge Wilson primes satisfy the following condition. Let P represent a prime number. Then ((P-1)! + 1) / (P * P) should give a whole number. Your task is to create a function that returns true if the given number is a Wilson prime. The solution in Python code Option 1: def am_i_wilson(n): return n in (5, 13, 563) Option 2: def am_i_wilson(n): if n &lt; 2 or not all(n % i for i in xrange(2, n)): return False import math return (math.

How to Boot an EC2 with a WebServer Setup

February 13, 2022

• Aws , CLI

Create a new AWS EC2 instance, and set the User Script to the following: #!/bin/bash sudo su yum update -y yum install -y httpd.x86_64 systemctl start httpd.service systemctl enable httpd.service echo &#34;&lt;h1&gt;Serving from $(hostname -f)&lt;/h1&gt;&#34; &gt; /var/www/html/index.html

Writing a Sleigh Authentication in Python

February 12, 2022

• Python

The challenge Christmas is coming and many people dreamed of having a ride with Santa&rsquo;s sleigh. But, of course, only Santa himself is allowed to use this wonderful transportation. And in order to make sure, that only he can board the sleigh, there&rsquo;s an authentication mechanism. Your task is to implement the authenticate() method of the sleigh, which takes the name of the person, who wants to board the sleigh and a secret password.

Solving for Multiple of Index in Python

February 11, 2022

• Python

The challenge Return a new array consisting of elements which are multiple of their own index in input array (length &gt; 1). Examples: [22, -6, 32, 82, 9, 25] =&gt; [-6, 32, 25] [68, -1, 1, -7, 10, 10] =&gt; [-1, 10] [-56,-85,72,-26,-14,76,-27,72,35,-21,-67,87,0,21,59,27,-92,68] =&gt; [-85, 72, 0, 68] The solution in Python code Option 1: def multiple_of_index(l): return [l[i] for i in range(1, len(l)) if l[i] % i == 0] Option 2:

How to Find an item’s Alphabet Position in Python

February 10, 2022

• Python

The challenge When provided with a letter, return its position in the alphabet. Input :: &ldquo;a&rdquo; Ouput :: &ldquo;Position of alphabet: 1&rdquo; The solution in Python code Option 1: def position(alphabet): return &#34;Position of alphabet: {}&#34;.format(ord(alphabet) - 96) Option 2: from string import ascii_lowercase def position(char): return &#34;Position of alphabet: {0}&#34;.format( ascii_lowercase.index(char) + 1) Option 3: def position(alphabet): return &#34;Position of alphabet: %s&#34; % (&#34;abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&#34;.find(alphabet) + 1) Test cases to validate our solution import test from solution import position @test.

How to Keep up the Hoop in Java

February 9, 2022

• Java

The challenge Alex just got a new hula hoop, he loves it but feels discouraged because his little brother is better than him Write a program where Alex can input (n) how many times the hoop goes round and it will return him an encouraging message 🙂 If Alex gets 10 or more hoops, return the string &ldquo;Great, now move on to tricks&rdquo;. If he doesn&rsquo;t get 10 hoops, return the string &ldquo;Keep at it until you get it&rdquo;.

Will there be Enough Space in Java

February 8, 2022

• Java

The challenge Bob is working as a bus driver. However, he has become extremely popular amongst the city&rsquo;s residents. With so many passengers wanting to get aboard his bus, he sometimes has to face the problem of not having enough space left on the bus! He wants you to write a simple program telling him if he will be able to fit all the passengers. The task: You have to write a function that accepts three parameters:

How to Swap Node Pairs In Linked List in Java

February 7, 2022

• Java

The challenge If you are given the head node in a linked list, write a method that swaps each pair of nodes in the list, then returns the head node of the list. Example: if you are given a list ordered A,B,C,D the resulting list should be B,A,D,C. The list will be composed of Nodes of the following specification: public class Node { private String value; public Node next; public Node(String value) { this.

How to Solve ‘Finding Neo’ in Java

February 6, 2022

• Java

The challenge Neo is somewhere in the Matrix. public interface Matrix { public int size(); public int get(int x, int y); } You are Morpheus, and your job is to find him. public class Morpheus { public int[] find(Matrix matrix, int neo) { // return Neo&#39;s x and y coordinates as a two-element array } } You will need a good search strategy – the matrix is huge! But it is controlled by machines, so it is also very orderly.

How to Solve a Pandigital Sequence in Java

February 5, 2022

• Java

The challenge In mathematics, a pandigital number is a number that in a given base has among its significant digits each digit used in the base at least once. For example, 1234567890 is a pandigital number in base 10. For simplification, in this challenge, we will consider pandigital numbers in base 10 and with all digits used exactly once. The challenge is to calculate a sorted sequence of pandigital numbers, starting at a certain offset and with a specified size.

How to get Meta-Data information from an AWS EC2 Instance

February 4, 2022

• Aws , CLI , Linux

If you need to query meta-data information from your running EC2 instance, you can curl the following location: curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data This will provide a list of all information that can be retrieved. Say you want to get the local IPv4 address, this can be done as follows: curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/local-ipv4 You can also get JSON blocks of information back, such as querying the IAM Info: curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/info

How to write a Lazy Repeater Helper in Python

February 3, 2022

• Python